List of emperors of the Trần Dynasty
Encyclopedia
The Trần Dynasty found by Trần
clan, was an imperial dynasty of Vietnam
that succeeded the Lý Dynasty
(1009–1225) and preceded the Hồ Dynasty (1400–1407). The first emperor of the dynasty was Trần Thái Tông
(1218–1277) and Trần Dynasty ended with the usurpation of throne from Trần Thiếu Đế
(1396–?) by Hồ Quý Ly, the emperor's maternal grandfather.
Below is a complete list of emperors of the Trần Dynasty, including their temple name
s, given name
s, and era names, each name is presented in Vietnamese alphabet
and attached with its Hán tự (Chinese character
), posthumous name
s, which were usually very long and rarely used when referring to the sovereign, are presented in last column. Besides emperors, Đại Việt under Trần Dynasty was often co-ruled by retired emperor who already ceded his throne in name but still reigned until his decease or complete retirement.
Tran
Tran or TRAN may refer to:* Tran, Bulgaria, a small town in Pernik Province, western Bulgaria* Trần , a Vietnamese surname spelled as Chan in Cantonese or Chen in Mandarin. This is one of the most populated surname in both Vietnam and China. As the descendent of Han Chinese, many immigrated to...
clan, was an imperial dynasty of Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
that succeeded the Lý Dynasty
Lý Dynasty
The Lý Dynasty , sometimes known as the Later Lý Dynasty , was a Vietnamese dynasty that began in 1009 when Lý Thái Tổ overthrew the Prior Lê Dynasty and ended in 1225 when the queen Lý Chiêu Hoàng was forced to abdicate the throne in favor of her husband, Trần Cảnh. They ruled Vietnam for a...
(1009–1225) and preceded the Hồ Dynasty (1400–1407). The first emperor of the dynasty was Trần Thái Tông
Trần Thái Tông
Trần Thái Tông, born name: Trần Cảnh , July 17, 1218-May 4, 1277) was the first emperor of the Trần Dynasty, seated on the throne for 33 years , being Grand Emperor for 19 years.-Biography:...
(1218–1277) and Trần Dynasty ended with the usurpation of throne from Trần Thiếu Đế
Trần Thiếu Đế
Trần Thiếu Đế , given name Trần An , was the twelfth and the last emperor of the Trần Dynasty who reigned over Đại Việt from 1398 to 1400. At the age of only three, he was chosen to succeed his father Trần Thuận Tông who was forced by Hồ Quý Ly to resign and hold the title Retired Emperor...
(1396–?) by Hồ Quý Ly, the emperor's maternal grandfather.
Below is a complete list of emperors of the Trần Dynasty, including their temple name
Temple name
Temple names are commonly used when naming most Chinese, Korean , and Vietnamese royalty. They should not be confused with era names. Compared to posthumous names, the use of temple names is more exclusive...
s, given name
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese names generally consist of three parts: a family name, a middle name, and a given name, used in that order. The "family name first" order follows the system of Chinese names and is common throughout the Sinosphere , but is different from Chinese, Korean, and Japanese names in having a...
s, and era names, each name is presented in Vietnamese alphabet
Vietnamese alphabet
The Vietnamese alphabet, called Chữ Quốc Ngữ , usually shortened to Quốc Ngữ , is the modern writing system for the Vietnamese language...
and attached with its Hán tự (Chinese character
Chinese character
Chinese characters are logograms used in the writing of Chinese and Japanese , less frequently Korean , formerly Vietnamese , or other languages...
), posthumous name
Posthumous name
A posthumous name is an honorary name given to royalty, nobles, and sometimes others, in East Asia after the person's death, and is used almost exclusively instead of one's personal name or other official titles during his life...
s, which were usually very long and rarely used when referring to the sovereign, are presented in last column. Besides emperors, Đại Việt under Trần Dynasty was often co-ruled by retired emperor who already ceded his throne in name but still reigned until his decease or complete retirement.
Emperors
| Temple name Temple name Temple names are commonly used when naming most Chinese, Korean , and Vietnamese royalty. They should not be confused with era names. Compared to posthumous names, the use of temple names is more exclusive... s (Miếu hiệu) |
Birth name Vietnamese name Vietnamese names generally consist of three parts: a family name, a middle name, and a given name, used in that order. The "family name first" order follows the system of Chinese names and is common throughout the Sinosphere , but is different from Chinese, Korean, and Japanese names in having a... s (Tên húy) |
Birth-Death | Period of reigns | Era names (Niên hiệu) |
Posthumous name Posthumous name A posthumous name is an honorary name given to royalty, nobles, and sometimes others, in East Asia after the person's death, and is used almost exclusively instead of one's personal name or other official titles during his life... s (Thụy hiệu) |
Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thái Tổ (太祖) |
Trần Thừa (陳承) |
1184–1234 | 1226–1234 | Khai Vận Lập Cực Hoằng Nhân Ứng Đạo Thuần Chân Chí Đức Thần Vũ Thánh Văn Thùy Dụ Chí Hiếu Hoàng Đế | ||
| Thái Tông Trần Thái Tông Trần Thái Tông, born name: Trần Cảnh , July 17, 1218-May 4, 1277) was the first emperor of the Trần Dynasty, seated on the throne for 33 years , being Grand Emperor for 19 years.-Biography:... (太宗) |
Trần Cảnh (陳煚) |
1218–1277 | 1226–1258 | Kiến Trung (建中, 1226–1232) Thiên Ứng Chính Bình (天應政平, 1232–1251) Nguyên Phong (元豐, 1251–1258) |
Thống thiên ngự cực long công mậu đức hiển hòa hựu thuận thần văn thánh vũ nguyên hiếu hoàng đế (統天御極隆功茂德顯和佑順神文聖武元孝皇帝) |
|
| Thánh Tông Tran Thanh Tong Trần Thánh Tông , given name Trần Hoảng , was the second emperor of the Trần Dynasty, reigning over Đại Việt from 1258 to 1278. After ceding the throne to his son Trần Nhân Tông, Thánh Tông held the title Thái thượng hoàng from 1279 to his death in 1290... (聖宗) |
Trần Hoảng (陳晃) |
1240–1290 | 1258–1278 | Thiệu Long (紹隆, 1258–1272) Bảo Phù (寶符, 1273–1278) |
Huyền công thịnh đức nhân minh văn vũ tuyên hiếu hoàng đế (玄功盛德仁明文武宣孝皇帝) |
|
| Nhân Tông (仁宗) |
Trần Khâm (陳昑) |
1258–1308 | 1278–1293 | Thiệu Bảo (紹寶, 1278–1285) Trùng Hưng (重興, 1285–1293) |
Pháp thiên sùng đạo ứng thế hoa dân long từ hiển huệ thánh văn thần vũ nguyên minh duệ hiếu hoàng đế (法天崇道應世化民隆慈顯惠聖文神武元明睿孝皇帝) |
|
| Anh Tông Trần Anh Tông Trần Anh Tông , given name Trần Thuyên , was the fourth emperor of the Trần Dynasty, reigning over Đại Việt from 1293 to 1314. After ceding the throne to his son Trần Minh Tông, Anh Tông held the title Thái thượng hoàng for six years... (英宗) |
Trần Thuyên (陳烇) |
1276–1320 | 1293–1314 | Hưng Long (興隆, 1293–1314) | Hiển văn duệ vũ khâm minh nhân hiếu hoàng đế (顯文睿武欽明仁孝皇帝) |
|
| Minh Tông Trần Minh Tông Trần Minh Tông , given name Trần Mạnh , was the fifth emperor of the Trần Dynasty who ruled Đại Việt from 1314 to 1329. After ceding the throne to his son Trần Hiến Tông, Minh Tông held the title of Thái thượng hoàng for 29 years... (明宗) |
Trần Mạnh (陳烇) |
1300–1357 | 1314–1329 | Đại Khánh (大慶, 1314–1323) Khai Thái (開泰, 1324–1329) |
Chương nghiêu văn triết hoàng đế (章堯文哲皇帝) |
|
| Hiến Tông Trần Hiến Tông Trần Hiến Tông , given name Trần Vượng , was the sixth emperor of the Trần Dynasty who reigned Đại Việt from 1329 to 1341. Enthroned by Minh Tông when he was only a ten-year-old boy, Hiến Tông ruled Đại Việt with the regent of the Retired Emperor Minh Tông during his thirteen years of reign... (憲宗) |
Trần Vượng (陳旺) |
1319–1341 | 1329–1341 | Khai Hựu (開佑, 1329–1341) | ||
| Dụ Tông Trần Dụ Tông Trần Dụ Tông , given name Trần Hạo , was the seventh emperor of the Trần Dynasty, and reigned over Đại Việt from 1341 to 1369... (裕宗) |
Trần Hạo (陳暭) |
1336–1369 | 1341–1369 | Thiệu Phong (紹豐, 1341–1357) Đại Trị (大治, 1358–1369) |
||
| Dương Nhật Lễ Dương Nhật Lễ Hôn Đức Công , given name Dương Nhật Lễ , was the emperor of Đại Việt from 1369 to 1370. Although not coming from the Trần clan, Dương Nhật Lễ was ceded the throne of the Trần Dynasty by an edict of Emperor Trần Dụ Tông shortly before his death... (楊日禮) |
?–1370 | 1369–1370 | Đại Định (大定, 1369–1370) | Hôn Đức Công (昏德公) |
||
| Nghệ Tông Trần Nghệ Tông Trần Nghệ Tông , given name Trần Phủ , was the eighth emperor of the Trần Dynasty who reigned Đại Việt from 1370 to 1372. Nghệ Tông was credited with the re-establishment of Trần clan's ruling in Đại Việt from Hôn Đức Công who kept the throne in nearly two years after the decease of Trần Dụ Tông... (藝宗) |
Trần Phủ (陳暊) |
1321–1394 | 1370–1372 | Thiệu Khánh (紹慶, 1370–1372) | Quang nghiêu anh triết hoàng đế (光堯英哲皇帝) |
|
| Duệ Tông Trần Duệ Tông Trần Duệ Tông , given name Trần Kính , was the ninth emperor of the Trần Dynasty who reigned Đại Việt from 1373 to 1377. Duệ Tông succeeded the throne from his brother Trần Nghệ Tông who was credited with the re-establishment of Trần clan's ruling in Đại Việt from Hôn Đức Công... (睿宗) |
Trần Kính (陳曔) |
1337–1377 | 1373–1377 | Long Khánh (隆慶, 1373–1377) | ||
| Trần Hiện (陳晛) |
1361–1388 | 1377–1388 | Xương Phù (昌符, 1377–1388) | Phế Đế Trần Phế Đế Trần Phế Đế , given name Trần Hiện , was the tenth emperor of the Trần Dynasty who reigned Đại Việt from 1377 to 1388. After his father's death in Battle of Đồ Bàn in January 1377, Phế Đế was enthroned as Đại Việt Emperor by the Retired Emperor Trần Nghệ Tông who acted as Phế Đế's regent during his... (廢帝) |
||
| Thuận Tông Trần Thuận Tông Trần Thuận Tông , given name Trần Ngung , was the eleventh emperor of the Trần Dynasty who reigned Đại Việt from 1378 to 1398. He was chosen to succeed to this position by his father, the Retired Emperor Trần Nghệ Tông, after Nghệ Tông decided to dethrone and force Trần Phế Đế to commit suicide... (順宗) |
Trần Ngung (陳顒) |
1378–1399 | 1388–1398 | Quang Thái (光泰, 1388–1398) | ||
| Trần An (陳𤇼) |
1396–? | 1398–1400 | Kiến Tân (建新, 1398–1400) | Thiếu Đế Trần Thiếu Đế Trần Thiếu Đế , given name Trần An , was the twelfth and the last emperor of the Trần Dynasty who reigned over Đại Việt from 1398 to 1400. At the age of only three, he was chosen to succeed his father Trần Thuận Tông who was forced by Hồ Quý Ly to resign and hold the title Retired Emperor... (少帝) |
||
| Trần Ngỗi (陳暊) |
? – 1410 | 2/10/1407 – 1409 | Hưng Khánh (建新, 1407–1409) | Giản Định Đế | ||
| Trần Quý Khoáng (陳暊) |
? – 1414 | 17/3/1409 – 1414 | Trùng Quang (建新, 1409–1414) | Trùng Quang Đế (建新帝) |
||
| Trần Cảo Tran Cao Trần Cảo was a later 16th century Vietnamese rebel leader. Cao born in Dưỡng Chân, Thuỷ Đường .-Early life:... (建新) |
? – 1418 | 1414–1418 | Thiên Khánh (建新, 1414–1418) |
Retired emperor
| Retired emperor | Period of reigns | Notes | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trần Thái Tổ Trần Thừa Trần Thừa was the head of the Trần clan and a high-ranking mandarin during the reign of Lý Huệ Tông and Lý Chiêu Hoàng. After the overthrow of the Lý Dynasty by Trần Thủ Độ, Trần Thừa's second son Trần Cảnh was enthroned as Trần Thái Tông, the first emperor of the Trần Dynasty... |
1226–1234 | Retired emperor only in name | |
| Trần Thái Tông | 1259–1277 | During the reign of Trần Thánh Tông | |
| Trần Thánh Tông | 1278–1290 | During the reign of Trần Nhân Tông | |
| Trần Nhân Tông | 1294–1308 | During the reign of Trần Anh Tông | |
| Trần Anh Tông | 1314–1320 | During the reign of Trần Minh Tông | |
| Trần Minh Tông | 1329–1357 | During the reign of Trần Hiến Tông and Trần Dụ Tông | |
| Trần Nghệ Tông | 1372–1394 | During the reign of Trần Duệ Tông, Trần Phế Đế and Trần Thuận Tông | |
| Trần Thuận Tông | 1398–1399 | During the reign of Trần Thiếu Đế |