List of Squadron Commanders

• The Duke of Medina Sidonia commander of Squadron of Portugal
  Portugal
  Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
  
  
• Diego Medrano
  Diego Medrano
  Diego Medrano Fernández is a Spanish poet, narrator and regular columnist of Asturian newspaper El Comercio.- Life :...
  
   commander of Squaderon of Galleys of Portugal
• Juan Martinez de Recalde commander of Squadron of Biscay
  Biscay
  Biscay is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country, heir of the ancient Lord of Biscay. Its capital city is Bilbao...
  
  
• Diego Flores de Valdes commander of Squadron of Castile
  Crown of Castile
  The Crown of Castile was a medieval and modern state in the Iberian Peninsula that formed in 1230 as a result of the third and definitive union of the crowns and parliaments of the kingdoms of Castile and León upon the accession of the then King Ferdinand III of Castile to the vacant Leonese throne...
  
  
• Pedro de Valdes commander of Squadron of Andalusia
  Andalusia
  Andalusia is the most populous and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities of Spain. The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as a nationality of Spain. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Huelva, Seville, Cádiz, Córdoba, Málaga, Jaén, Granada and...
  
  
• Miguel de Oquendo
  Miguel de Oquendo
  Miguel de Oquendo y Segura, Spanish Admiral. Born in Guipuzcoa, died at sea in 1588.He was the father of Antonio de Oquendo.-Principal events of his life:*1575 Took part with his owm ship in the voyage of Orán....
  
   commander of Squadron of Guipuzcoa
• Martin de Bertendona
  Martín de Bertendona
  Don Martín de Bertendona was an important officer of the Spanish Navy under Philip II and Philip III. He participated in the Spanish Armada, and is perhaps most famous for his role in the capture of the iconic English galleon Revenge in 1591....
  
   commander of Squaderon of Levant
  Levant
  The Levant or ) is the geographic region and culture zone of the "eastern Mediterranean littoral between Anatolia and Egypt" . The Levant includes most of modern Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel, the Palestinian territories, and sometimes parts of Turkey and Iraq, and corresponds roughly to the...
  
  
• Hugo de Moncada commander of Squaderon of Galleasses of Naples
  Naples
  Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
  
  
• Juan Gomez de Medina commander of Squadron of Urcas
• Antonio Hurtado de Mendoza
  Antonio Hurtado de Mendoza
  -Biography:Hurtado was born in Castro Urdiales, Cantabria.He became page to the count de Saldaña , and was recognized as a rising poet by Cervantes in the Viaje del Parnaso...
  
   commander of Squadron of Patches and Zabras

Squadron of Portugal

Twelve ships;

• São Martinho (48 guns). known in Spanish
  Spanish language
  Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
  
   as San Martin and in English
  English language
  English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
  
   as Saint Martin
  Martin of Tours
  Martin of Tours was a Bishop of Tours whose shrine became a famous stopping-point for pilgrims on the road to Santiago de Compostela. Around his name much legendary material accrued, and he has become one of the most familiar and recognizable Christian saints...
  
  . Flagship of the commander-in-chief, the Duke of Medina Sidonia and Maestre Francisco de Bobadilla, the senior army officer. (São Martinho had an overall length of about 180 feet with a beam of about 40 feet. She carried the aforementioned 48 heavy guns on two enclosed gun decks, plus multiple smaller weapons).
• São João (de Portugal). (50 guns). known in Spanish as San Juan de Portugal and in English as Saint John of Portugal. Captained by Recalde.
• São Marcos (33 guns).
• São Filipe (40 guns).
• São Luis (38 guns).
• São Mateus (34 guns). known in Spanish as San Mateo and in English as Saint Matthew.
• Santiago (24 guns).
• São Francisco (Florencia or Galleon of Florence). (52 guns).
• São Cristóvão (20 guns).
• São Bernardo (21 guns).
• Zabra Augusta (13 guns).
• Zabra Júlia (14 guns).

Squadron of Galleys of Portugal

Four ships;

• Capitania (50 guns).
• Princesa (50 guns).
• Diana (50 guns).
• Bazana (50 guns).

Squadron of Biscay

Fourteen ships;

• Santa Ana (30 guns: Flagship of Juan Martinez de Recalde, Captain General and second in command of the Armada).
• El Gran Grin (28 guns). Wrecked near SW tip of Clare Island, Clew Bay, Co. Mayo.
• Santiago (25 guns).
• La Concepcion (de Zubelzu). (16 guns).
• La Concepcion de Juanes del Cano (18 guns). Wrecked on Galway coast.
• La Magdalena (18 guns).
• San Juan (21 guns).
• La Maria Juan (24 guns).
• La Manuela (24 guns).
• Santa Maria de Montemayor (18 guns).
• Paxat la Maria de Aguirre (6 guns).
• Paxat la Isabela (10 guns).
• Paxat de Miguel de Suso (6 guns).
• Paxat San Estaban (6 guns).

Squadron of Castile

Sixteen ships;

• San Cristobal (36 guns). Flagship of Diego Flores de Valdés.
• San Juan Bautista. (24 guns). Sunk at Blasket Islands in late September 1588.
• San Pedro (24 guns).
• San Juan (24 guns).
• Santiago el Mayor (24 guns).
• San Felipe y Santiago (24 guns).
• La Asunción (24 guns).
• Nuestra Señora del Barrio (24 guns).
• San Medel y Celedon (or San Linda y Celedón). (24 guns).
• Santa Ana (24 guns).
• Nuestra Señora de Begoña (24 guns).
• La Trinidad Bogitar (24 guns).
• La Santa Catalina (24 guns).
• San Juan Bautista (24 guns).
• Paxat Nuestra Senora del Socorro (or Nuestra Señora del Rosario). (24 guns). (Possibly lost in Tralee Bay)
• Paxat San Antonio de Padua (12 guns).

Squadron of Andalusia

Eleven ships;

• Nuestra Señora del Rosario (46 guns). Flagship of Don Pedro de Valdés.
• San Francisco (21 guns).
• San Juan Bautista (31 guns).
• San Juan de Gargarin (16 guns).
• La Concepcion (20 guns).
• Urca Duquesa Santa Ana. (23 guns). Wrecked at Loughros More, Co. Donegal
• Santa Catalina (23 guns).
• La Trinidad (13 guns).
• Santa Maria del Juncal (20 guns).
• San Bartolome (20 guns).
• Paxat El Espiritu Santo

Squadron of Guipuzcoa

Fourteen ships;

• Santa Ana (47 guns). Flagship of Miguel de Oquendo.
• Santa Maria de la Rosa. (47 guns). AKA Nuestra Senora de la Rosa. Wrecked on Stromboli
  Stromboli
  Stromboli is a small island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the north coast of Sicily, containing one of the three active volcanoes in Italy. It is one of the eight Aeolian Islands, a volcanic arc north of Sicily. This name is a corruption of the Ancient Greek name Strongulē which was given to it...
  
   Reef at Blasket Sound, 21 September 1588.
• San Salvador
  San Salvador (Guipúzcoan squadron)
  The San Salvador was a Spanish galleon of the Spanish Armada as part of the Guipúzcoan squadron.It was damaged and captured as a result of the first encounter of the Armada with the Royal Navy in 1588...
  
   (25 guns).
• San Esteban. (26 guns). Wrecked near Doobeg, Co. Clare.
• Santa Maria (or Santa Marta). (20 guns).
• Santa Barbara (12 guns).
• San Buenaventura (21 guns).
• La Maria San Juan (12 guns).
• Santa Cruz (18 guns).
• Urca Doncella (16 guns).
• Paxat la Asuncion (9 guns).
• Paxat San Bernabe (9 guns).
• Pinaza Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe (1 gun).
• Pinaza Magdalena (1 gun).

Squadron of Levant

Levant

The Levant or ) is the geographic region and culture zone of the "eastern Mediterranean littoral between Anatolia and Egypt" . The Levant includes most of modern Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel, the Palestinian territories, and sometimes parts of Turkey and Iraq, and corresponds roughly to the...

Ten ships;

• La Regazona (30 guns). Flagship of Martin de Bertandona
• La Lavia. (25 guns). Grounded near Streedagh Strand, ten miles North of Sligo town.
• La Rata (Sancta Maria) Encoronada. (35 guns). Grounded and set alight, late September 1588 in Blacksod Bay, Co. Mayo, Ireland
• San Juan de Silicia
  San Juan de Silicia
  The San Juan de Silicia was one of the 130 ships that formed the ill-fated Spanish Armada of 1588. The ship was originally known as the Brod Martolosi, before it was seized to form part of the navy...
  
   (26 guns).
• La Trinidad Valencera, (ex Balanzara). (42 guns). Wrecked, 16th Sept 1588 at Glenagivney, (modern name Kinnagoe Bay
  Kinnagoe Bay
  Kinnagoe Bay is a secluded beach in Inishowen, County Donegal, Ireland. It is known for being the location of the wreck of the Spanish Armada ship "Trinidad Valencera" in 1588; in memory of which a plaque is mounted. The beach is accessible by a weaving road from the top of the hill.It is one of...
  
  ) Inishowen, Co. Donegal, Ireland.
• La Anunciada (24 guns).
• San Nicolas Prodaneli. (26 guns). Possibly wrecked at either Clare Island, Co. Mayo or Fynglasse?
• Juliana (32 guns).
• Santa Maria de Vison. (18 guns). Grounded near Streedagh Strand, ten miles North of Sligo town.
• La Trinidad de Scala (22 guns).

Squadron of Galleass

Galleass

The galleass developed from large merchant galleys.Converted for military use they were higher and larger than regular galleys. They had up to 32 oars, each worked by up to 5 men. They usually had three masts and a forecastle and aftcastle. Much effort was made in Venice to make these galleasses...

es of Naples

Four ships;

• San Lorenzo. (50 guns). Flagship of Don Hugo de Moncada. Grounded at Calais
  Calais
  Calais is a town in Northern France in the department of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sub-prefecture. Although Calais is by far the largest city in Pas-de-Calais, the department's capital is its third-largest city of Arras....
  
   after the Battle of Gravelines. Captured by the English in a hard fight that cost Don Hugo de Moncada his life.
• Zúñiga.(50 guns). Forced to take refuge at Le Havre
  Le Havre
  Le Havre is a city in the Seine-Maritime department of the Haute-Normandie region in France. It is situated in north-western France, on the right bank of the mouth of the river Seine on the English Channel. Le Havre is the most populous commune in the Haute-Normandie region, although the total...
  
   after suffering rudder
  Rudder
  A rudder is a device used to steer a ship, boat, submarine, hovercraft, aircraft or other conveyance that moves through a medium . On an aircraft the rudder is used primarily to counter adverse yaw and p-factor and is not the primary control used to turn the airplane...
  
   damage while trying to return home. It is unclear whether the Zúñiga ever returned home. It was last reported silted up at Le Havre.
• La Girona
  Girona (ship)
  La Girona was a galleass of the 1588 Spanish Armada which foundered and sank off Lacada Point, County Antrim, Northern Ireland, on the night of 26 October 1588 after making its way eastward along the Irish coast...
  
  . (50 guns). Wrecked 30th Oct 1588 at Lacada Point, County Antrim
  County Antrim
  County Antrim is one of six counties that form Northern Ireland, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland. Adjoined to the north-east shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 2,844 km², with a population of approximately 616,000...
  
  , Ireland.
• Napolitana. (50 guns). Returned home intact, making landfall at Laredo, Spain.

Squadron of Urcas

Twenty three ships;

• El Gran Grifón
  El Gran Grifón
  El Gran Grifón was the flagship of the Spanish Armada's supply squadron of Baltic hulks ; see List of Ships of the Spanish Armada...
  
  . (38 guns). Flagship of Juan Gómez de Medina. Wrecked, 27 September 1588 at Stroms Hellier, Orkney Islands.
• San Salvador (24 guns).
• Perro Marino (7 guns).
• Falcon Blanco Mayor (16 guns).
• Castillo Negro (27 guns).
• Barca de Amburgo (or Barca de Hamburg) (23 guns).
• Casa de Paz Grande (26 guns).
• San Pedro Mayor (29 guns).
• El Sanson (18 guns).
• San Pedro Menor (18 guns).
• Barca de Anzique (or Barca de Danzig). (26 guns).
• Falcon Blanco Mediano. (16 guns). Lost on Connemara coast, County Galway, possibly near Inish Boffin, on Freaghillaun Rock?
• Santo Andres (14 guns).
• Casa de Pas Chica (15 guns).
• Ciervo Volante (18 guns).
• Paloma Blanca (12 guns).
• La Ventura (4 guns).
• Santa Barbara (10 guns).
• Santiago (19 guns).
• David (7 guns).
• El Gato (9 guns).
• Esayas (4 guns).
• San Gabriel (4 guns).

Squadron of Pataches and Zabras

Twenty two ships (5 to 10 guns) under Don Antonio de Medoza;

• Nuestra Senora del Pilar de Zaragoza
• La Caridad
• San Andres
• El Crucifijo
• Nuestra Senora del Puerto
• La Concepcion de Cararsca
• Nuestro Senora Begona
• La Concepcion Capetillo
• San Jeronimo
• Nuestro Senora de Gracia
• La Concepcion Francisco de Latero
• Nuesto Senora de Guadalupe
• San Francisco
• Espiritu Santo
• Zabra Trinidad
• Nuestro Senora de Castro
• Santo Andres
• La Concepcion de de Valmeseda
• La Concepcion de Somanila
• San Juan de Carasa
• Asuncion

Galleon

• Pronunciation: ˈɡæliən . Etymology: Old Spanish galeón, from Middle French galion, from Old French galie. Date: 1529.

a heavy square-rigged sailing ship of the 15th to early 185th centuries used for war or commerce especially by the Spanish.

Galley

• Pronunciation: ˈɡæli . Etymology: Middle English galeie, from Anglo-French galie, galee, ultimately from Middle Greek galea. Date: 13th century.

1 : a ship or boat propelled solely or chiefly by oars: as a : a long low ship used for war and trading especially in the Mediterranean Sea from the Middle Ages to the 19th century; also : galleass b : a warship of classical antiquity — compare bireme, trireme c : a large open boat (as a gig) formerly used in England.
et al.

Galleass

• Pronunciation: ˈɡæliəs . Etymology: Middle French galeasse, from Old French galie galley. Date: 1544.

a large fast galley used especially as a warship by Mediterranean countries in the 16th and 17th centuries and having both sails and oars but usually propelled chiefly by rowing

Urca

• "The urcas, supply hulks, had largely been requisitioned when they sailed into Spanish ports, regardless of their owners' rights and wishes. Baltic made urcas with two lateen mizzen masts were unable to sail close to the wind. They were also no good for fitting fighting 'castles' to. Some urcas came from Hanseatic ports. In all there were twenty three urcas in the fleet."

Summary of Armada Make Up

• Total Number of Ships Mustered at Corunna
  A Coruña
  A Coruña or La Coruña is a city and municipality of Galicia, Spain. It is the second-largest city in the autonomous community and seventeenth overall in the country...
  
  = 130
• Total tons of Shipping at Muster = 58,705
• Total persons on ships, soldiers & sailors = 25,826 persons
• Total number of Guns = 2,477
• Total Number of Ships Lost/Burned/Missing = 68
• Total Number that Failed to Start = 5

Collecting Data/ Under Construction