Transgender

Transgender

Transgender is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies to vary from culturally conventional gender roles....

is a complex topic, where consensual and precise definitions have not yet been reached. Usually, the only way to find out how exactly people

Person

A person is a human being, or an entity that has certain capacities or attributes strongly associated with being human , for example in a particular moral or legal context...

 identify themselves is to ask them, and sometimes, transgender

Transgender

Transgender is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies to vary from culturally conventional gender roles....

 people either cannot or will not define themselves any more specifically than transgender

Transgender

Transgender is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies to vary from culturally conventional gender roles....

, queer

Queer

Queer is an umbrella term for sexual minorities that are not heterosexual, heteronormative, or gender-binary. In the context of Western identity politics the term also acts as a label setting queer-identifying people apart from discourse, ideologies, and lifestyles that typify mainstream LGBT ...

, or genderqueer

Genderqueer

Genderqueer is a catch-all term for gender identities other than man and woman, thus outside of the gender binary and heteronormativity...

.

Books and articles written about transgender

Transgender

Transgender is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies to vary from culturally conventional gender roles....

 people or culture

Culture

Culture is a term that has many different inter-related meanings. For example, in 1952, Alfred Kroeber and Clyde Kluckhohn compiled a list of 164 definitions of "culture" in Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions...

 are often outdated by the time they are published, if not already outdated at the time of composition, due to inappropriate and/or outdated questions or premises.
Not only psychology

Psychology

Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. Its immediate goal is to understand individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases. For many, the ultimate goal of psychology is to benefit society...

 and medicine

Medicine

Medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....

, but also social sciences deal with transgender

Transgender

Transgender is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies to vary from culturally conventional gender roles....

 people, and each starts from a very different point of view, offers very different perspectives, and uses a different nomenclature. The difference is mirrored by the attitude of transgender

Transgender

Transgender is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies to vary from culturally conventional gender roles....

 people towards transgender

Transgender

Transgender is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies to vary from culturally conventional gender roles....

 issues, as can be seen in the articles listed below.

People and behaviour

• Transgender
  Transgender
  Transgender is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies to vary from culturally conventional gender roles....
  
  
  • Trans man
    Trans man
    A trans man, transman, trans guy, or FTM is a transgender or transsexual man: a person who was assigned female at birth, but who identifies as male....
    
    
  • Trans woman
    Trans woman
    A trans woman is a male-to-female transsexual or transgender person and the term trans woman is preferred by some individuals over various medical terms. Other non-medical terms include t-girl, tg-girl and ts-girl...
    
    
  • List of transgendered people
  • Transgender musicians
  • Transgender youth
    Transgender youth
    Transgender youth are children and adolescents who identify as transgender and/or transsexual. Because transgender youth are usually dependent on their parents for care, shelter, financial support, and other needs, and because most doctors are reluctant to provide medical treatments to them,...
    
    
  • MTF
    Trans woman
    A trans woman is a male-to-female transsexual or transgender person and the term trans woman is preferred by some individuals over various medical terms. Other non-medical terms include t-girl, tg-girl and ts-girl...
    
    
  • FTM
    Trans man
    A trans man, transman, trans guy, or FTM is a transgender or transsexual man: a person who was assigned female at birth, but who identifies as male....
    
    
• Transsexual
• Cross-dressing
  Cross-dressing
  Cross-dressing is the wearing of clothing and other accoutrement commonly associated with a gender within a particular society that is seen as different than the one usually presented by the dresser...
  
  
  • En femme
    En femme
    The term en femme is an anglicized adaption of a French phrase. It is used in the transgender and crossdressing community to describe the act of wearing feminine clothing and/or expressing a stereotypically feminine personality...
    
    
• Transvestism
  Transvestism
  Transvestism is the practice of cross-dressing, which is wearing clothing traditionally associated with the opposite sex. Transvestite refers to a person who cross-dresses; however, the word often has additional connotations. -History:Although the word transvestism was coined as late as the 1910s,...
  
  
• Drag
  Drag (clothing)
  Drag is used for any clothing carrying symbolic significance but usually referring to the clothing associated with one gender role when worn by a person of another gender. The origin of the term "drag" is unknown, but it may have originated in Polari, a gay street argot in England in the early...
  
  
  • Drag queen
    Drag queen
    A drag queen is a man who dresses, and usually acts, like a caricature woman often for the purpose of entertaining. There are many kinds of drag artists and they vary greatly, from professionals who have starred in films to people who just try it once. Drag queens also vary by class and culture and...
    
    
  • Drag king
    Drag king
    Drag kings are mostly female performance artists who dress in masculine drag and personify male gender stereotypes as part of their performance. A typical drag king routine may incorporate dancing and singing, live as in the Momma's Boyz of San Francisco's performances or lip-synching...
    
    
  • Faux queen
  • En travesti
    En travesti
    Travesti is a theatrical term referring to the portrayal of a character in an opera, play, or ballet by a performer of the opposite sex. Some sources regard 'travesti' as an Italian term, some as French. Depending on sources, the term may be given as travesty, travesti, or en travesti...
    
    
  • pantomime dame
    Pantomime dame
    A pantomime dame is a traditional character in British pantomime. It is a continuation of en travesti portrayal of female characters by male actors in drag. They are often played either in an extremely camp style, or else by men acting 'butch' in women's clothing...
    
    
• Androgyny
  Androgyny
  Androgyny is a term derived from the Greek words ανήρ, stem ανδρ- and γυνή , referring to the combination of masculine and feminine characteristics...
  
  
• Genderqueer
  Genderqueer
  Genderqueer is a catch-all term for gender identities other than man and woman, thus outside of the gender binary and heteronormativity...
  
  
• Genderfuck
  Genderfuck
  Genderfuck refers to the conscious effort to mock or "fuck with" traditional notions of gender identity, gender roles, and gender presentation. It falls under the umbrella of the transgender spectrum.-Genderfucking:...
  
  
• Girlfag and guydyke
• Packing (phallus)
  Packing (phallus)
  Packing refers to the wearing of padding or a phallic object in the front of a person's pants or underwear, to give the appearance of having male genitals. Packing is commonly practiced by trans men...
  
  
• Shemale
  Shemale
  Shemale is a term used in sex work to describe trans women with male genitalia and augmented female breasts from breast augmentation and/or use of hormones...
  
  
• Sissy
  Sissy (transgender)
  A sissy is a man who crossdresses, adopts hyper-feminine behaviors, and engages in stereotypical "feminine" activities , often within the context of BDSM. Particularly within the BDSM community, a "sissy" will typically assume the submissive role to a dominant female and/or male partner...
  
  
• Third gender
  Third gender
  The terms third gender and third sex describe individuals who are categorized as neither man nor woman, as well as the social category present in those societies who recognize three or more genders...
  
  
• Transvestic fetishism
  Transvestic fetishism
  Transvestic fetishism is having a sexual or erotic interest in cross-dressing. It differs from cross-dressing for entertainment or other purposes that do not involve sexual arousal and is categorized as a paraphilia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association...
  
  

In non-Western cultures

• Two-Spirit
  Two-Spirit
  Two-Spirit People , is an English term that emerged in 1990 out of the third annual inter-tribal Native American/First Nations gay/lesbian American conference in Winnipeg. It describes Indigenous North Americans who fulfill one of many mixed gender roles found traditionally among many Native...
  
  /"Berdache" (North America)
• Akava'ine
  Akava'ine
  An akava'ine or 'akava'ine is a Cook Islands Māori word used to describe transgender or transsexual women in the Cook Islands.It can also refer to women who have an inflated opinion of themselves, draw attention to themselves in ways that disrupt groupness, don't heed others advice, or who act in...
  
   (Cook Islands)
• Bacchá
  Bacchá
  Bacha Bazi , also known as bacchá or bacha bereesh is sexual slavery and child prostitution in which prepubescent and adolescent boys are sold to wealthy or powerful men for entertainment...
  
   (Central Asia)
• Transpinay (Philippines)
• Transgender in China
  Transgender in China
  China and greater China have a long history of transgenderism.-Terminology:...
  
  
• Köçek
  Köçek
  The köçek phenomenon is one of the significant features of Ottoman Empire culture...
  
   (Turkey)
• Eunuch
  Eunuch
  A eunuch is a person born male most commonly castrated, typically early enough in his life for this change to have major hormonal consequences...
  
  
• Evening people (India)
• Fakaleiti
  Fakaleiti
  A fakaleiti is a Tongan male who behaves in effeminate ways, in contrast to mainstream Tongan men, who tend to be very masculine....
  
   (Tonga)
• Fa'afafine
  Fa'afafine
  Fa'afafine may be viewed as a third gender specific to Samoan culture.Fa'afafine are biological males who have a strong feminine gender orientation, which the Samoan parents recognize quite early in childhood. Not always are they raised as female children or rather 'third gender' children...
  
   (Samoa)
• Femminiello
  Femminiello
  The femminiello or femmeniello in Neapolitan culture is a male transvestite, not simply a male homosexual; it refers in Naples to men who, in addition to their natural inclinations, have been, as they now say, "gendered" to dress and behave as women and who often engage in prostitution.But they...
  
   (Neapolitan)
• Galli
  Galli
  A Gallus was a eunuch priest of the Phrygian goddess Cybele, whose worship was incorporated into the state religious practices of ancient Rome.-About the Galli:...
  
   (ancient Rome)
• Hijra
  Hijra (South Asia)
  In the culture of South Asia, hijras or chakka in Kannada, khusra in Punjabi and kojja in Telugu are physiological males who have feminine gender identity, women's clothing and other feminine gender roles. Hijras have a long recorded history in the Indian subcontinent, from the antiquity, as...
  
  
• Transsexuality in Iran
  Transsexuality in Iran
  Before the Islamic Revolution in 1979, the issue of transsexuality in Iran had never been officially addressed by the government. Beginning in the mid-1980s, however, transsexual individuals were officially recognized by the government and allowed to undergo sex reassignment surgery...
  
  
• Kathoey
  Kathoey
  Kathoey or katoey is a male-to-female transgender person or an effeminate gay male in Thailand. Related phrases include sao praphet song , or phet thi sam . The word kathoey is thought to be of Khmer origin...
  
   (Thailand)
• Acault  (Burma)
• Meinmasha  (Burma)
• Meti (Nepal)
• Maknyah (Malaysia)
• Nyuuhaafu (Japan)
• Transgender people in Singapore
  Transgender people in Singapore
  The history and subculture surrounding Transgender people in Singapore is substantial. Not immediately apparent to Singapore's mainstream society is the fact that the gay community sees itself as a totally separate entity from the transgender communities...
  
  
• Sworn virgin
  Sworn virgin
  A sworn virgin is a person who decides to live in the manner of the opposite sex while adamantly refusing ever to have sexual relations with another. The term itself can be misleading — "swearing" virginity can be a public or private act, and it does not even have to be a conscious decision...
  
   (Balkan)
• Takatāpui
  Takatapui
  Takatāpui is the Māori word meaning a devoted partner of the same sex. In modern terminology, a person that identifies as takatāpui is a Māori individual that is queer, in other words gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender or transsexual...
  
   (Maori)
• Waria
  Waria
  Waria may refer to -* Workflow And Reengineering International Association* Waria River* Waria, India, a locality in West Bengal* IK Waria, a Swedish football club* A third gender in Indonesia, also called "wanita pria"...
  
   (Indonesia)
• Winkte (Lakota, North America)
• Khanith
  Khanith
  Khanith or Khaneeth is a vernacular Arabic term for both standard written Arabic mukhannath and khuntha. The Arabic word Mukhannath مخنث refers to individuals with a gender identity that is discordant with their visible sexual organs...
  
   (Arabia)
• futanari
  Futanari
  Futanari is the Japanese word for androgyny or hermaphrodite. Until 1644, the appeal of sexually ambiguous, futanari characters portrayed by onnagata actors was a popular element in Japanese drama, and there is a flourishing futanari anime and manga genre in Japan today.- History in Japanese...
  
   ("二成, 二形; ふたなり") (Primary Japanese hentai manga classification) or Newhalf ("ニューハーフ") (Japan)

Gender

Gender

Gender is a range of characteristics used to distinguish between males and females, particularly in the cases of men and women and the masculine and feminine attributes assigned to them. Depending on the context, the discriminating characteristics vary from sex to social role to gender identity...

 

• Cisgender
  Cisgender
  Cisgender is an adjective used in the context of gender issues and counselling to refer to a class of gender identities formed by a match between an individual's gender identity and the behavior or role considered appropriate for one's sex.Kristen Schilt and Laurel Westbrook defined "cisgender"...
  
  
• Gender identity
  Gender identity
  A gender identity is the way in which an individual self-identifies with a gender category, for example, as being either a man or a woman, or in some cases being neither, which can be distinct from biological sex. Basic gender identity is usually formed by age three and is extremely difficult to...
  
  
  • Gender identity disorder
    Gender identity disorder
    Gender identity disorder is the formal diagnosis used by psychologists and physicians to describe persons who experience significant gender dysphoria . It describes the symptoms related to transsexualism, as well as less severe manifestations of gender dysphoria...
    
    
• Gender role
  Gender role
  Gender roles refer to the set of social and behavioral norms that are considered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex in the context of a specific culture, which differ widely between cultures and over time...
  
  
• Pangender
  Pangender
  Pangender is a term used to describe people who feel that they cannot be labeled as male or female in gender. As such it has a great deal of overlap with genderqueer. Pangender people feel that they do not fit into binary genders, instead identifying as mixed gender or as a third gendered...
  
  
• Bigender
  Bigender
  Bigender, bi-gender or bi+gender describes a tendency to move between feminine and masculine gender-typed behaviour depending on context. Some bigendered individuals express a distinctly "en femme" persona and a distinctly "en homme" persona, feminine and masculine respectively; others have shades...
  
  
• Trigender
  Trigender
  Similar to Bigender, Trigenderism is a gender identification or feeling that a person is moving between or among gender identities: male, female and a third gender...
  
  

Sex

Sex

In biology, sex is a process of combining and mixing genetic traits, often resulting in the specialization of organisms into a male or female variety . Sexual reproduction involves combining specialized cells to form offspring that inherit traits from both parents...

 

• Sexual characteristics
  Sexual characteristics
  Sexual characteristics may refer to:*Primary sexual characteristics*Secondary sex characteristics...
  
  
  • Sex organ
    Sex organ
    A sex organ, or primary sexual characteristic, as narrowly defined, is any of the anatomical parts of the body which are involved in sexual reproduction and constitute the reproductive system in a complex organism; flowers are the reproductive organs of flowering plants, cones are the reproductive...
    
     or primary sexual characteristics
  • Secondary sex characteristic
    Secondary sex characteristic
    Secondary sex characteristics are features that distinguish the two sexes of a species, but that are not directly part of the reproductive system. They are believed to be the product of sexual selection for traits which give an individual an advantage over its rivals in courtship and aggressive...
    
    s
• Sex-determination system
  Sex-determination system
  A sex-determination system is a biological system that determines the development of sexual characteristics in an organism. Most sexual organisms have two sexes. In many cases, sex determination is genetic: males and females have different alleles or even different genes that specify their sexual...
  
  

Intersex

Intersex

Intersex, in humans and other animals, is the presence of intermediate or atypical combinations of physical features that usually distinguish female from male...

 

• History of intersex surgery
  History of intersex surgery
  The history of intersex surgery is intertwined with the development of the specialities of pediatric surgery, pediatric urology, and pediatric endocrinology, with our increasingly refined understanding of sexual differentiation, with the development of political advocacy groups united by a sexual...
  
  
• 5-alpha-reductase deficiency
  5-alpha-reductase deficiency
  5-Alpha-reductase deficiency is an autosomal recessive intersex condition caused by a mutation of the 5-alpha reductase type 2 gene.-Normal function:...
  
  
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  Congenital adrenal hyperplasia refers to any of several autosomal recessive diseases resulting from mutations of genes for enzymes mediating the biochemical steps of production of cortisol from cholesterol by the adrenal glands ....
  
  
• Androgen insensitivity syndrome
  Androgen insensitivity syndrome
  Androgen insensitivity syndrome is a condition that results in the partial or complete inability of the cell to respond to androgens. The unresponsiveness of the cell to the presence of androgenic hormones can impair or prevent the masculinization of male genitalia in the developing fetus, as...
  
  
• Hypospadias
  Hypospadias
  Hypospadias is a birth defect of the urethra in the male that involves an abnormally placed urinary meatus...
  
  
• Klinefelter's syndrome
  Klinefelter's syndrome
  Klinefelter syndrome, 46/47, XXY, or XXY syndrome is a condition in which human males have an extra X chromosome. While females have an XX chromosomal makeup, and males an XY, affected individuals have at least two X chromosomes and at least one Y chromosome...
  
  
• Swyer syndrome
  Swyer syndrome
  Swyer syndrome, or XY gonadal dysgenesis, is a type of hypogonadism in a person whose karyotype is 46,XY. The person is externally female with streak gonads, and left untreated, will not experience puberty...
  
  
• Turner's syndrome
• Hermaphrodite
  Hermaphrodite
  In biology, a hermaphrodite is an organism that has reproductive organs normally associated with both male and female sexes.Many taxonomic groups of animals do not have separate sexes. In these groups, hermaphroditism is a normal condition, enabling a form of sexual reproduction in which both...
  
  
• Chimerism

Other

• Gender blind
• Gender queer
• Heteronormativity
  Heteronormativity
  Heteronormativity is a term invented in 1991 to describe any of a set of lifestyle norms that hold that people fall into distinct and complementary genders with natural roles in life. It also holds that heterosexuality is the normal sexual orientation, and states that sexual and marital relations...
  
  
• LGBT
  LGBT
  LGBT is an initialism that collectively refers to "lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender" people. In use since the 1990s, the term "LGBT" is an adaptation of the initialism "LGB", which itself started replacing the phrase "gay community" beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s, which many within the...
  
  
• Queer
  Queer
  Queer is an umbrella term for sexual minorities that are not heterosexual, heteronormative, or gender-binary. In the context of Western identity politics the term also acts as a label setting queer-identifying people apart from discourse, ideologies, and lifestyles that typify mainstream LGBT ...
  
  
• Third gender
  Third gender
  The terms third gender and third sex describe individuals who are categorized as neither man nor woman, as well as the social category present in those societies who recognize three or more genders...
  
  
• Transgenderism (social movement)
• Transphobia
  Transphobia
  Transphobia is a range of negative attitudes and feelings towards transsexualism and transsexual or transgender people, based on the expression of their internal gender...
  
  
• Simulated pregnancy
  Simulated pregnancy
  A simulated pregnancy is a deliberate attempt to create the false impression of pregnancy.It should not be confused with false pregnancy, where the woman mistakenly believes that she is pregnant.- Techniques :...
  
   - male crossdressing or roleplaying of a fake pregnancy
  Pregnancy
  Pregnancy refers to the fertilization and development of one or more offspring, known as a fetus or embryo, in a woman's uterus. In a pregnancy, there can be multiple gestations, as in the case of twins or triplets...
  
  .

Social

• Transitioning
  Transitioning (transgender)
  Transitioning is the process of changing one's gender presentation to accord with one's internal sense of one's gender - the idea of what it means to be a man or woman...
  
  
• Passing (gender)
  Passing (gender)
  Passing refers to a person's ability to be regarded as a member of the sex or gender with which they physically present. Typically, passing involves a mixture of physical gender cues as well as certain behavioral attributes that tend to be culturally associated with a particular gender...
  
  
• The Closet
  The Closet
  The Closet may refer to:* The Closet , Chinese film* The Closet , French film* The closet, referring to undisclosed homosexuality- See also :* Closet* Closet * In the closet...
  
  
• Coming out
  Coming out
  Coming out is a figure of speech for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people's disclosure of their sexual orientation and/or gender identity....
  
  
• Real life experience
  Real life experience
  Real-life experience is a process where transsexual and transgender people live full-time in their preferred gender identity for a period of time, in order to demonstrate that they can function as a member of said gender...
  
  
• Transsexual sexuality
  Transsexual sexuality
  Transgender sexuality is the sexuality of transgender people.Transgender people exhibit the full range of possible sexual orientations and interests, including the potential for a lack of interest in sex.-Sexual orientation labels:...
  
  
  • Gynephilia and androphilia
    Gynephilia and androphilia
    Androphilia and gynephilia are terms used in behavioral science to describe sexual orientation, as an alternative to a homosexual and heterosexual conceptualization....
    
    
  • Transmen attracted to men

Relating to medical treatment

• Standards of care for gender identity disorders
  Standards of care for gender identity disorders
  The Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender Nonconforming People are non-binding protocols outlining the usual treatment for individuals who wish to undergo hormonal or surgical transition to the other sex...
  
  
• World Professional Association for Transgender Health (formerly known as the Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association
  Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association
  The World Professional Association for Transgender Health, Inc. is a professional organization devoted to the understanding and treatment of gender dysphoria. The organization was originally named after Harry Benjamin, one of the earliest physicians to work with transsexuals...
  
  )
• Etiology of Transsexualism
  Etiology of transsexualism
  The etiology of transsexualism, meaning the cause or causes of transsexualism, is an area of interest for many transgender and transsexual people, physicians, psychologists, other mental health professionals, and family members and friends of transsexual people...
  
  
• Gender reassignment therapy (compare also Sex change
  Sex change
  Sex change is a term often used for gender reassignment therapy, that is, all medical procedures transgendered people can have, or specifically to sexual reassignment surgery, which usually refers to genitalia surgery only...
  
  )
  • Hormone replacement therapy (trans)
  • Sex reassignment surgery
    Sex reassignment surgery
    Sex reassignment surgery is a term for the surgical procedures by which a person's physical appearance and function of their existing sexual characteristics are altered to resemble...
    
    
    • Sex reassignment surgery female-to-male
      Sex reassignment surgery female-to-male
      Sex reassignment surgery from female to male includes a variety of surgical procedures for transsexual men that alter female anatomical traits to provide physical traits more appropriate to the trans man's male identity and functioning....
      
      
      • Male Chest Reconstruction
        Male Chest Reconstruction
        In men with female breast growth, caused either by gynecomastia or by status as a trans man, a male chest reconstruction is often done to give the chest a more masculine appearance...
        
        
      • Phalloplasty
        Phalloplasty
        Phalloplasty refers to the construction of a penis or, sometimes, artificial modification of the penis by surgery, often for cosmetic purposes. It is also occasionally used to refer to penis enlargement....
        
        
      • Metoidioplasty
        Metoidioplasty
        Metoidioplasty, sometimes referred to as a meto or meta or spelled "metaoidioplasty", is an alternative to phalloplasty for trans men...
        
        
    • Sex reassignment surgery male-to-female
      Sex reassignment surgery male-to-female
      Sex reassignment surgery from male to female involves reshaping the male genitals into a form with the appearance of and, as far as possible, the function of female genitalia. Prior to any surgeries, trans women usually undergo hormone replacement therapy and facial hair removal...
      
      
      • Breast augmentation
        Breast augmentation
        Breast augmentation denotes the breast implant and fat-graft mammoplasty procedures for correcting the defects, and for enhancing the size, form, and feel of a woman’s breasts...
        
        
      • Orchiectomy
      • Facial feminization surgery
        Facial feminization surgery
        Facial feminization surgery is a set of reconstructive surgical procedures that alter typically male facial features to bring them closer in shape and size to typical female facial features...
        
        
      • Penile inversion
      • Penectomy
        Penectomy
        Penectomy is the surgical removal of the penis for medical or personal reasons.- Medical Reasons for Penectomy :Cancer, for example, sometimes necessitates removal of part or of the penis. The amount of the penis removed depends on the severity of the cancer. Some men have only the tip of their...
        
         compare also Penis removal
        Penis removal
        In ancient civilizations, removal of the human penis was sometimes used as a means of demonstrating superiority: armies were sometimes known to sever the penises of their enemies to count the dead, as well as for trophies...
        
        
      • Trachea shave
      • Vaginoplasty
        Vaginoplasty
        thumb|right|300px|Vaginoplasty: the pre-operative aspect , and the post-operative aspect of a [[Labiaplasty|labial reduction]].Vaginoplasty is a reconstructive plastic surgery procedure for correcting the defects and deformities of the vaginal canal and its mucous membrane, and of vulvo-vaginal...
        
        
      • Voice feminization
        Voice therapy (trans)
        Voice therapy or voice training refers to any non-surgical technique used to improve or modify the human voice. Because voice is a gender cue, transsexual women frequently undertake voice therapy as a part of gender transition in order to make their voices sound female, and therefore increase their...
        
        

Legal aspects

• Legal aspects of transsexualism
  Legal aspects of transsexualism
  Transsexual people are those who establish a permanent identity with the gender opposite to the gender identified at birth. As most legal jurisdictions have at least some recognition of the two traditional genders at the exclusion of other categories, this raises many legal issues and aspects of...
  
  
  • Name change
    Name change
    Name change generally refers to a legal act allowing a person to adopt a name different than their name at birth, marriage, or adoption. The procedures and ease of a name change depend on the jurisdiction. In general, common law jurisdictions have loose limitations on name changes while civil law...
    
    
  • Gender Recognition Act 2004
    Gender Recognition Act 2004
    The Gender Recognition Act 2004 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that allows transsexual people to change their legal gender. It came into effect on 4 April 2005.-Operation of the law:...
    
     United Kingdom
  • Changing legal gender assignment in Canada
    Changing legal gender assignment in Canada
    Procedures for changing legal gender assignment in Canada vary between provinces and territories.Except for Quebec, the information below concerns altering the sex recorded on one's birth certificate, and therefore must be done with regard to the province or territory where one was born.-Alberta:To...
    
    
• List of transgender-rights organizations
• The Yogyakarta Principles

Medicine

• Gender identity disorder
  Gender identity disorder
  Gender identity disorder is the formal diagnosis used by psychologists and physicians to describe persons who experience significant gender dysphoria . It describes the symptoms related to transsexualism, as well as less severe manifestations of gender dysphoria...
  
  
• Gender identity disorder in children
  Gender identity disorder in children
  Gender identity disorder in children is the formal diagnosis used by psychologists and physicians to describe children who experience significant gender dysphoria ....
  
  
• Sexual relationship disorder
  Sexual relationship disorder
  Sexual relationship disorder is a disorder where a person has difficulties in forming or maintaining a sexual relationship because of their gender identity or sexual orientation. The World Health Organization lists sexual relationship disorder in the ICD-10, under "Psychological and behavioural...
  
  
• Sexual maturation disorder
  Sexual maturation disorder
  Sexual maturation disorder is a disorder of anxiety or depression related to an uncertainty about one's gender identity or sexual orientation...
  
  

Queer studies

• Gender studies
  Gender studies
  Gender studies is a field of interdisciplinary study which analyses race, ethnicity, sexuality and location.Gender study has many different forms. One view exposed by the philosopher Simone de Beauvoir said: "One is not born a woman, one becomes one"...
  
  
• Gender and sexuality studies
• Anima (Jung)
  Anima (Jung)
  The anima and animus, in Carl Jung's school of analytical psychology, are the two primary anthropomorphic archetypes of the unconscious mind, as opposed to both the theriomorphic and inferior-function of the shadow archetypes, as well as the abstract symbol sets that formulate the archetype of the...
  
  
• Feminine essence theory of transsexuality
  Feminine essence theory of transsexuality
  In the study of transsexuality, the idea of a feminine essence refers to the proposal that male-to-female transsexuals are females trapped in male bodies...
  
  
• Feminism
  Feminism
  Feminism is a collection of movements aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities for women. Its concepts overlap with those of women's rights...
  
  
• Transfeminism
  Transfeminism
  Robert Hill defines Transfeminism as "a category of feminism, most often known for the application of transgender discourses to feminist discourses, and of feminist beliefs to transgender discourse". Hill says that transfeminism also concerns its integration within mainstream feminism...
  
  
• Queer Theory
  Queer theory
  Queer theory is a field of critical theory that emerged in the early 1990s out of the fields of LGBT studies and feminist studies. Queer theory includes both queer readings of texts and the theorisation of 'queerness' itself...
  
  
• Queer studies
  Queer studies
  Queer studies is the critical theory based study of issues relating to sexual orientation and gender identity usually focusing on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex people and cultures. Universities have also labeled this area of analysis Sexual Diversity Studies, Sexualities...
  
  
• Autogynephilia

Film and television

• Transgender in film and television
  Transgender in film and television
  This article lists many films whose primary character are transgender. It also includes films of note who have a secondary transgender character.-Film and video:...
  
  

:Category:Transgender and transsexual actors

• Cross-dressing in film and television
  Cross-dressing in film and television
  Cross-dressing in motion pictures began in the early days of the silent films. Charlie Chaplin and Stan Laurel brought the tradition of female impersonation in the English music halls when they came to America with Fred Karno's comedy troupe in 1910. Both Chaplin and Laurel occasionally dressed as...
  
  

Art

Transgender art and artists include:

• New Media Art:
  • Sandy Stone (artist) – ACT Lab
  • Shu Lea Cheang
    Shu Lea Cheang
    Shu Lea Cheang is a multi-media artist who works in the fields of net-based installation,social interface and film production....
    
     – Brandon
• Performance:
  • Kate Bornstein
    Kate Bornstein
    Kate Bornstein is a Jewish-American author, playwright, performance artist, and gender theorist.-Biography:Born in Neptune City, New Jersey, Bornstein studied Theater Arts with John Emigh and Jim Barnhill at Brown University . Bornstein joined the Church of Scientology but later became...
    
    
  • Micha Cárdenas
    Micha Cárdenas
    Micha Cárdenas is a transgender performance and new media artist. Her work deals with the interplay of technology, gender, sex, immigration and biopolitics. She currently lives and works in Los Angeles.- Education :...
    
    
• Music:
  • Genesis P-Orridge
    Genesis P-Orridge
    Genesis Breyer P-Orridge is an English singer-songwriter, musician, writer and artist. P-Orridge's early confrontational performance work in COUM Transmissions in the late 1960s and early 1970s along with the industrial band Throbbing Gristle, which dealt with subjects such as prostitution,...
    
    
• Photography:
  • Claude Cahun
    Claude Cahun
    Claude Cahun was a French artist, photographer and writer. Her work was both political and personal, and often played with the concepts of gender and sexuality.-Early life:...
    
    
• Film:
  • Barbara Hammer
    Barbara Hammer
    Barbara Hammer is an American filmmaker in the genre of experimental films and a professor at European Graduate School in Saas-Fee.-Biography:...
    
     – Lover Other

Books

• The Man Who Would Be Queen
  The Man Who Would Be Queen
  The Man Who Would Be Queen: The Science of Gender-Bending and Transsexualism is a 2003 book by J. Michael Bailey, published by Joseph Henry Press....
  
  by J. Michael Bailey
  J. Michael Bailey
  John Michael Bailey is an American psychologist and professor at Northwestern University. He is best known among scientists for his work on the etiology of sexual orientation, from which he concluded that homosexuality is substantially inherited...
  
  
• The Transsexual Empire (ISBN 0-8077-6272-5) by Janice Raymond
  Janice Raymond
  Janice G. Raymond is a longtime feminist activist against violence, sexual exploitation and the "medical abuse" of cissexual women, as well as for her writings and activism against transsexualism...
  
  
• Last Exit To Brooklyn
  Last Exit to Brooklyn
  Last Exit to Brooklyn is a 1964 novel by American author Hubert Selby, Jr. The novel has become a cult classic because of its harsh, uncompromising look at lower class Brooklyn in the 1950s and for its brusque, everyman style of prose....
  
  by Hubert Selby, Jr.
  Hubert Selby, Jr.
  Hubert "Cubby" Selby, Jr. was a 20th century American writer. His best-known novels are Last Exit to Brooklyn and Requiem for a Dream . Both novels were later adapted into films within his lifetime....
  
   one of the stories revolve around a group of transvestites, led by a girl named Georgette.
• Masculinities Without Men?
  Masculinities Without Men?
  Masculinities without Men? is a book by Jean Bobby Noble.Noble explores how the construction of gender was thrown into crisis during the twentieth-century, resulting in a permanent rupture in the sex/gender system, and how masculinity became an unstable category, altered across time, region,...
  
  (ISBN 0-7748-0997-3) by Jean Bobby Noble
• Armistead Maupin
  Armistead Maupin
  Armistead Jones Maupin, Jr. is an American writer, best known for his Tales of the City series of novels, based in San Francisco.-Early life:...
  
  's "Tales of the City
  Tales of the City
  Tales of the City refers to a series of eight novels written by American author Armistead Maupin. The stories from Tales were originally serialized prior to their novelization, with the first four titles appearing as regular installments in the San Francisco Chronicle, while the fifth appeared in...
  
  " includes a transgendered person as a central character.

Miscellaneous

• Violence against gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and the transgendered
  Violence against gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and the transgendered
  Persecution of homosexuals may occur either via legislation prohibiting homosexual acts, or by ad hoc intimidation, mobbing, assault or lynching motivated by homophobia ....
  
  
• Stonewall riots
  Stonewall riots
  The Stonewall riots were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn, in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of New York City...
  
  
• Compton's Cafeteria riot
  Compton's cafeteria riot
  The Compton's Cafeteria Riot occurred in August 1966 in the Tenderloin district of San Francisco. This incident was one of the first recorded transgender riots in United States history, preceding the more famous 1969 Stonewall Riots in New York City.A smaller-scale riot broke out in 1959 in Los...
  
  
• Transgender Pride flag
  Transgender Pride flag
  Transgender flags the Transgender Pride flag is a symbol of transgender pride and diversity, and transgender rights.The Transgender Pride flag was created by Monica Helms in 1999, and was first shown at a pride parade in Phoenix, Arizona, United States in 2000.The flag represents the transgender...
  
  

Gender-variant people or behaviour

Many other terms describe gender-variant

Gender variance

Gender variance, or gender nonconformity, is behaviour or gender expression that does not conform to dominant gender norms of male and female...

 people or behaviour, without the people being described necessarily being transgender.

• Amazon
  Amazons
  The Amazons are a nation of all-female warriors in Greek mythology and Classical antiquity. Herodotus placed them in a region bordering Scythia in Sarmatia...
  
  
• Eunuch
  Eunuch
  A eunuch is a person born male most commonly castrated, typically early enough in his life for this change to have major hormonal consequences...
  
  
• Butch and femme
  Butch and femme
  Butch and femme are LGBT terms describing respectively, masculine and feminine traits, behavior, style, expression, self-perception and so on. They are often used in the lesbian, bisexual and gay subcultures...
  
  
• Tomboy
  Tomboy
  A tomboy is a girl who exhibits characteristics or behaviors considered typical of the gender role of a boy, including the wearing of typically masculine-oriented clothes and engaging in games and activities that are often physical in nature, and which are considered in many cultures to be the...
  
  
• Skoptzy
  Skoptzy
  The Skoptsy were a secret sect in imperial Russia. The Skoptsy are best known for practicing castration of men and the mastectomy of women in accordance with their teachings against sexual lust. The movement originated as an offshoot of the sect known as the "People of God" and was first noted...
  
  

Sexual orientation and behaviour

Sexual orientation and behaviour are independent from gender identity; since both are often mentioned together or even confused, some relevant topics are mentioned here. The first article elaborates on this question.

• Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures
  Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures
  Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures are subcultures and communities composed of persons who have shared experiences, background, or interests due to a common sexual or gender identity. Among the first to argue that members of sexual minorities can constitute cultural minorities as well as...
  
   also contains a section on transgender
• Sexual identity
  Sexual identity
  Sexual identity is a term that, like sex, has two distinctively different meanings. One describes an identity roughly based on sexual orientation, the other an identity based on sexual characteristics, which is not socially based but based on biology, a concept related to, but different from,...
  
  
• LGBT
  LGBT
  LGBT is an initialism that collectively refers to "lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender" people. In use since the 1990s, the term "LGBT" is an adaptation of the initialism "LGB", which itself started replacing the phrase "gay community" beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s, which many within the...
  
  
  • Gay
    Gay
    Gay is a word that refers to a homosexual person, especially a homosexual male. For homosexual women the specific term is "lesbian"....
    
    
  • Lesbian
    Lesbian
    Lesbian is a term most widely used in the English language to describe sexual and romantic desire between females. The word may be used as a noun, to refer to women who identify themselves or who are characterized by others as having the primary attribute of female homosexuality, or as an...
    
    
  • Bisexuality
    Bisexuality
    Bisexuality is sexual behavior or an orientation involving physical or romantic attraction to both males and females, especially with regard to men and women. It is one of the three main classifications of sexual orientation, along with a heterosexual and a homosexual orientation, all a part of the...
    
    
• Heterosexuality
  Heterosexuality
  Heterosexuality is romantic or sexual attraction or behavior between members of the opposite sex or gender. As a sexual orientation, heterosexuality refers to "an enduring pattern of or disposition to experience sexual, affectional, physical or romantic attractions to persons of the opposite sex";...
  
  

Religion

• Ardhanarishvara, the androgynous aspect of Shiva
  Shiva
  Shiva is a major Hindu deity, and is the destroyer god or transformer among the Trimurti, the Hindu Trinity of the primary aspects of the divine. God Shiva is a yogi who has notice of everything that happens in the world and is the main aspect of life. Yet one with great power lives a life of a...
  
   and Parvati
  Parvati
  Parvati is a Hindu goddess. Parvati is Shakti, the wife of Shiva and the gentle aspect of Mahadevi, the Great Goddess...
  
   in Hinduism
  Hinduism
  Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...
  
  .
• Aravani or Hijra, transgender devotees of several religious cults in Hinduism.
• The cult
  Cult (religious practice)
  In traditional usage, the cult of a religion, quite apart from its sacred writings , its theology or myths, or the personal faith of its believers, is the totality of external religious practice and observance, the neglect of which is the definition of impiety. Cult in this primary sense is...
  
   of Aphroditus
  Aphroditus
  Aphroditus or Aphroditos was a male Aphrodite originating from Amathus on the island of Cyprus and celebrated in Athens in a transvestite rite....
  
  , the androgynous Amathusian
  Amathus
  Amathus was one of the most ancient royal cities of Cyprus, on the southern coast in front of Agios Tychonas, about 24 miles west of Larnaca and 6 miles east of Limassol...
  
   Aphrodite
  Aphrodite
  Aphrodite is the Greek goddess of love, beauty, pleasure, and procreation.Her Roman equivalent is the goddess .Historically, her cult in Greece was imported from, or influenced by, the cult of Astarte in Phoenicia....
  
   in Greek mythology
  Greek mythology
  Greek mythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the ancient Greeks, concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. They were a part of religion in ancient Greece...
  
  .
• Galli
  Galli
  A Gallus was a eunuch priest of the Phrygian goddess Cybele, whose worship was incorporated into the state religious practices of ancient Rome.-About the Galli:...
  
  , the transgender priests of the Phrygian
  Phrygia
  In antiquity, Phrygia was a kingdom in the west central part of Anatolia, in what is now modern-day Turkey. The Phrygians initially lived in the southern Balkans; according to Herodotus, under the name of Bryges , changing it to Phruges after their final migration to Anatolia, via the...
  
   goddess Cybele
  Cybele
  Cybele , was a Phrygian form of the Earth Mother or Great Mother. As with Greek Gaia , her Minoan equivalent Rhea and some aspects of Demeter, Cybele embodies the fertile Earth...
  
   and her consort Attis
  Attis
  Attis was the consort of Cybele in Phrygian and Greek mythology. His priests were eunuchs, as explained by origin myths pertaining to Attis and castration...
  
  .
• The Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence
  Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence
  The Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence , also called Order of Perpetual Indulgence in Australia and elsewhere, is a charity, protest, and street performance organization that uses drag and Catholic imagery to call attention to sexual intolerance and satirize issues of gender and morality...
  
  , a group of (mostly) gay male nuns who take vows to promulgate universal joy and expiate stigmatic guilt.