Rivington

Rivington

Rivington is a small village and civil parish of the Borough of Chorley, Lancashire, England, occupying . It is about southeast of Chorley and about northwest of Bolton. Rivington is situated on the fringe of the West Pennine Moors, at the foot of Rivington Pike...

 in the Borough of Chorley

Chorley (borough)

Chorley is a local government district with borough status in Lancashire, England. It is named after its largest settlement, the town of Chorley.-Creation:...

, Lancashire

Lancashire

Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England. It takes its name from the city of Lancaster, and is sometimes known as the County of Lancaster. Although Lancaster is still considered to be the county town, Lancashire County Council is based in Preston...

, is situated on the edge of the West Pennine Moors

West Pennine Moors

The West Pennine Moors cover an area of approximately of moorland and reservoirs in Lancashire and Greater Manchester, England.The West Pennine Moors are separated from the main Pennine range by the Irwell Valley. The moorland includes Withnell, Anglezarke and Rivington Moors in the extreme west,...

, at the foot of Rivington Pike

Rivington Pike

Rivington Pike is a hill summit on Winter Hill, part of the West Pennine Moors, overlooking the village of Rivington in Lancashire, England. The nearest towns are Chorley and Horwich. The Pike is a prominent local landmark which derives its name from the Old English hreof plus ing meaning the rough...

 overlooking reservoir

Reservoir

A reservoir , artificial lake or dam is used to store water.Reservoirs may be created in river valleys by the construction of a dam or may be built by excavation in the ground or by conventional construction techniques such as brickwork or cast concrete.The term reservoir may also be used to...

s created by Liverpool Corporation water works in the 19th century. Of the twenty-one listed buildings in the village, two are classified by English Heritage

English Heritage

English Heritage . is an executive non-departmental public body of the British Government sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport...

 as Grade II*, the rest as Grade II; Rivington has no Grade I Listed buildings.

Rivington village is a conservation area

Conservation area

A conservation areas is a tract of land that has been awarded protected status in order to ensure that natural features, cultural heritage or biota are safeguarded...

, designated under section 69 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990

Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990

The Planning Act 1990 is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom that altered the laws on granting of planning permission for building works, notably including those of the listed building system in England and Wales....

; almost half the houses in the village centre have listed status. Rivington's buildings are varied, reflecting its rural and historic nature, and include former hand-loom weavers' cottages, the church, and the chapel. Locally sourced stone for walls and slate for roofs are the predominant building materials, used for places of worship, the school, houses (including many not listed), and boundary dry stone

Dry stone

Dry stone is a building method by which structures are constructed from stones without any mortar to bind them together. Dry stone structures are stable because of their unique construction method, which is characterized by the presence of a load-bearing facade of carefully selected interlocking...

 walls. An exception is Fisher House, a three-storey Georgian

Georgian architecture

Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1720 and 1840. It is eponymous for the first four British monarchs of the House of Hanover—George I of Great Britain, George II of Great Britain, George III of the United...

 rendered

Stucco

Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture...

 building.

Rivington Hall

Rivington Hall

Rivington Hall is a Grade II* Listed building located in Rivington, Lancashire, England. It was the manor house for the Lords of the Manor of Rivington. The hall is of various builds as successor to a fifteenth-century timber-framed courtyard house that was built near to the present building of...

, a former manor house

Manor house

A manor house is a country house that historically formed the administrative centre of a manor, the lowest unit of territorial organisation in the feudal system in Europe. The term is applied to country houses that belonged to the gentry and other grand stately homes...

 with an imposing red brick Georgian frontage, is a short distance from the village centre. Its barn, and the barn at Great House Farm were renovated and converted by the architect Jonathan Simpson for William Lever

William Lever, 1st Viscount Leverhulme

William Hesketh Lever, 1st Viscount Leverhulme was an English industrialist, philanthropist, and politician....

 in 1904. The barns were used for catering for the early tourist industry, a function they retain today. Farmhouses and their barns scattered outside the village centre, also built in local gritstone

Gritstone

Gritstone or Grit is a hard, coarse-grained, siliceous sandstone. This term is especially applied to such sandstones that are quarried for building material. British gritstone was used for millstones to mill flour, to grind wood into pulp for paper and for grindstones to sharpen blades. "Grit" is...

, are also listed.

Most of the remaining listed structures are in the listed historic landscape of Lever Park, created for William Lever by Thomas Mawson in the early 20th century or the country park. They include an unfinished replica of Liverpool Castle

Liverpool Castle

Liverpool Castle was a castle which was situated in Liverpool, England . It stood from the early 13th century to the early 18th century.-Construction:...

, overlooking the Lower Rivington Reservoir

Lower Rivington Reservoir

Lower Rivington Reservoir is at the end of the Rivington chain of reservoirs, with Upper Rivington Reservoir to the north, and Rivington Water Treatment Works to the south....

, and Rivington Gardens, the remains of Lever's private gardens, which include the Pigeon Tower, a large folly

Folly

In architecture, a folly is a building constructed primarily for decoration, but either suggesting by its appearance some other purpose, or merely so extravagant that it transcends the normal range of garden ornaments or other class of building to which it belongs...

 and former dovecote

Dovecote

A dovecote or dovecot is a structure intended to house pigeons or doves. Dovecotes may be square or circular free-standing structures or built into the end of a house or barn. They generally contain pigeonholes for the birds to nest. Pigeons and doves were an important food source historically in...

. The landmark tower built in 1733 for Robert Andrews is at the top of Rivington Pike.

The term "listed building", in the United Kingdom, refers to a building or structure designated as being of special architectural, historical, or cultural significance. They are categorised in three grades: Grade I consists of buildings of outstanding architectural or historical interest, Grade II* includes significant buildings of more than local interest and Grade II consists of buildings of special architectural or historical interest. Buildings in England are listed by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport

Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport

The Secretary of State for Culture, Olympics, Media and Sport is a United Kingdom cabinet position with responsibility for the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. The role was created in 1992 by John Major as Secretary of State for National Heritage...

 on recommendations provided by English Heritage, which also determines the grading.

Key

Grade	Criteria
II*	Particularly important buildings of more than special interest.
II	Buildings of national importance and special interest.

Listed buildings and structures

Name and location	Photograph	Grade	Date	Notes
Rivington Church Rivington Church Rivington Church is an active Church of England parish church in Rivington, Lancashire, England. The Church has been designated as a Grade II Listed building. The Church has no patron saint and is not named after a saint or martyr. It has been variously called St. Lawrence, St. George, Holy... 53.6252°N 2.5685°W				The church is built of irregularly coursed sandstone Sandstone Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains.Most sandstone is composed of quartz and/or feldspar because these are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust. Like sand, sandstone may be any colour, but the most common colours are tan, brown, yellow,...  with quoins and a slate roof. It is a small plain building with a 19th-century gabled porch and an octagonal bell turret with a conical roof and weathervane.
Bellhouse 53.6252°N 2.5688°W				The bellhouse, close to the church, is a small, square, single-storey building with a basement and outside steps. It is built in sandstone with a stone slate roof. It is reputed to have been built to hold a large bell which is now missing.
Great House Barn Great House Barn Great House Barn is a 16th century barn and Listed building in Rivington, Lancashire, England. Built as a tithe barn it is believed to be one of the oldest of its type in the county and is now a Grade II listed building.-History:... 53.6202°N 2.5627°W				The barn is dated 1702, probably from a restoration or rebuilding. It was restored, altered, and enlarged in 1905. It has an exposed oak cruck Cruck A cruck or crook frame is a curved timber, one of a pair, which supports the roof of a building, used particularly in England. This type of timber framing consists of long, generally bent, timber beams that lean inwards and form the ridge of the roof. These posts are then generally secured by a...  frame, clad in squared sandstone and stone slate roof. The Tudor-style timber-framed porch and mullion Mullion A mullion is a vertical structural element which divides adjacent window units. The primary purpose of the mullion is as a structural support to an arch or lintel above the window opening. Its secondary purpose may be as a rigid support to the glazing of the window...  windows are 20th-century additions.
Rivington Hall Barn Rivington Hall Barn Rivington Hall Barn adjoins Rivington Hall in Rivington near Chorley, England. The barn may date from between the 9th and 13th centuries, but more likely the 16th century, and was restored, altered and enlarged in 1905 by Jonathan Simpson for Lord Leverhulme... 53.6256°N 2.5561°W				The barn is probably 16th century but restored, altered, and enlarged in 1905. It has an oak cruck Cruck A cruck or crook frame is a curved timber, one of a pair, which supports the roof of a building, used particularly in England. This type of timber framing consists of long, generally bent, timber beams that lean inwards and form the ridge of the roof. These posts are then generally secured by a...  frame that has been exposed inside. The walls are clad in coursed sandstone, and it has a stone slate roof and mullion Mullion A mullion is a vertical structural element which divides adjacent window units. The primary purpose of the mullion is as a structural support to an arch or lintel above the window opening. Its secondary purpose may be as a rigid support to the glazing of the window...  windows.
Hamer's Cottage 53.6078°N 2.5573°W				This house is a former farmhouse built of sandstone with quoins and stone slate roof. Part of the house has cruck Cruck A cruck or crook frame is a curved timber, one of a pair, which supports the roof of a building, used particularly in England. This type of timber framing consists of long, generally bent, timber beams that lean inwards and form the ridge of the roof. These posts are then generally secured by a...  frame construction.
Great House Farmhouse and Cottage 53.6200°N 2.5625°W				The farmhouse, built from squared sandstone with quoins with a stone slate roof and mullion Mullion A mullion is a vertical structural element which divides adjacent window units. The primary purpose of the mullion is as a structural support to an arch or lintel above the window opening. Its secondary purpose may be as a rigid support to the glazing of the window...  windows, dates from the 17th century. The cottage dates from the 18th century and is built in similar materials. Great House Farm now houses an information centre.
Wilcocks Farmhouse 53.6353°N 2.5577°W				Willcock's is a farmhouse built in coursed sandstone rubble with quoins at the corners, it has a tiled roof with two chimneys, mullion Mullion A mullion is a vertical structural element which divides adjacent window units. The primary purpose of the mullion is as a structural support to an arch or lintel above the window opening. Its secondary purpose may be as a rigid support to the glazing of the window...  windows, and is dated on the door lintel.
Bradley's Farmhouse 53.6315°N 2.5614°W			1683	Bradley's is a two storey farmhouse built of sandstone with quoins and a stone slate roof, the date is on the door lintel, it has mullion Mullion A mullion is a vertical structural element which divides adjacent window units. The primary purpose of the mullion is as a structural support to an arch or lintel above the window opening. Its secondary purpose may be as a rigid support to the glazing of the window...  windows to the second floor.
Moses Cocker's Farmhouse 53.6325°N 2.5494°W			1693	Moses Cocker's farmhouse is built of coursed rubble sandstone with quoins, a stone slate roof with gable Gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable...  coping and it is dated on the door lintel.
Rivington Hall Rivington Hall Rivington Hall is a Grade II* Listed building located in Rivington, Lancashire, England. It was the manor house for the Lords of the Manor of Rivington. The hall is of various builds as successor to a fifteenth-century timber-framed courtyard house that was built near to the present building of... 53.6252°N 2.5562°W				Rivington Hall is an old manor house Manor house A manor house is a country house that historically formed the administrative centre of a manor, the lowest unit of territorial organisation in the feudal system in Europe. The term is applied to country houses that belonged to the gentry and other grand stately homes... , the oldest part of which, at the rear, is dated 1694 and replaced a 15th-century timber-framed house. The front, rebuilt in 1774, has two storeys in classical Georgian Georgian architecture Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1720 and 1840. It is eponymous for the first four British monarchs of the House of Hanover—George I of Great Britain, George II of Great Britain, George III of the United...  style with five bays, a central doorway, sash window Sash window A sash window or hung sash window is made of one or more movable panels or "sashes" that form a frame to hold panes of glass, which are often separated from other panes by narrow muntins... s, pediment Pediment A pediment is a classical architectural element consisting of the triangular section found above the horizontal structure , typically supported by columns. The gable end of the pediment is surrounded by the cornice moulding...  and parapet Parapet A parapet is a wall-like barrier at the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony or other structure. Where extending above a roof, it may simply be the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the line of the roof surface, or may be a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a... . It is a private residence.
Rivington Unitarian Chapel Rivington Unitarian Chapel Rivington Unitarian Chapel is a place of Unitarian worship in Rivington, Lancashire, England. It was founded in 1703 and its motto is "Here let no man a stranger be". The chapel is a Grade II* listed building, and its restoration in 1990 was aided by English Heritage...   53.6259°N 2.5656°W			1703	The chapel is a rectangular sandstone building with a hexagonal gable end bellcote and stone slate roof. Inside it retains its old box pews and has a five-sided pulpit Pulpit Pulpit is a speakers' stand in a church. In many Christian churches, there are two speakers' stands at the front of the church. Typically, the one on the left is called the pulpit... .
Rivington Pike Tower 53.6194°N 2.5413°W			1733	The tower, built of gritstone, was probably constructed as a lookout or shelter on the summit of Rivington Pike Rivington Pike Rivington Pike is a hill summit on Winter Hill, part of the West Pennine Moors, overlooking the village of Rivington in Lancashire, England. The nearest towns are Chorley and Horwich. The Pike is a prominent local landmark which derives its name from the Old English hreof plus ing meaning the rough... , on the site of an ancient beacon Beacon A beacon is an intentionally conspicuous device designed to attract attention to a specific location.Beacons can also be combined with semaphoric or other indicators to provide important information, such as the status of an airport, by the colour and rotational pattern of its airport beacon, or of... . It is 5 by square and 7 metres high. The building has a cellar, stone flagged floor, a fireplace and once had a chimney.
Barn, East of Bradley's Farmhouse 53.6317°N 2.5609°W			1737	The barn, which has a shippon or cow shed, is built in sandstone with a stone slate roof. There is an owl hole above the loading door to the loft.
Mounting block in school yard 53.6244°N 2.5679°W				The mounting block Mounting block A mounting block, horse block, or in Scots a loupin'-on-stane is an assistance for mounting and dismounting a horse or cart, especially for the young, elderly or infirm. They were especially useful for women riding sidesaddle, allowing a horse to be mounted without a loss of modesty...  is a circular sandstone platform, with a stone post in the centre and two steps. It is in the old Rivington Grammar School yard.
Fisher House 53.6253°N 2.5649°W				A three-storey stucco Stucco Stucco or render is a material made of an aggregate, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture...  on brick house with stone dressings and stone slate roof with gable Gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable...  chimneys, the door has a fanlight Fanlight A fanlight is a window, semicircular or semi-elliptical in shape, with glazing bars or tracery sets radiating out like an open fan, It is placed over another window or a doorway. and is sometimes hinged to a transom. The bars in the fixed glazed window spread out in the manner a sunburst...  and the house has sash window Sash window A sash window or hung sash window is made of one or more movable panels or "sashes" that form a frame to hold panes of glass, which are often separated from other panes by narrow muntins... s.
Wilkinson's and attached cottage 53.6249°N 2.5652°W				The pair of cottages is built in sandstone with slate roofs, one has horizontal three light windows, the other has two higher storeys with sash window Sash window A sash window or hung sash window is made of one or more movable panels or "sashes" that form a frame to hold panes of glass, which are often separated from other panes by narrow muntins... s.
Loggia c. 70 metres west of Pigeon tower in Lord Leverhulme's Terraced Gardens 53.6242°N 2.5473°W			1906	The remains of a loggia Loggia Loggia is the name given to an architectural feature, originally of Minoan design. They are often a gallery or corridor at ground level, sometimes higher, on the facade of a building and open to the air on one side, where it is supported by columns or pierced openings in the wall...  with arches overlooked a former boating lake in the private gardens designed by Thomas Mawson for William Lever.
Two archways in Lord Leverhulme's Terraced Gardens 53.6233°N 2.5471°W			1906	These archways are an intact element of the remains of private gardens designed by Thomas Mawson for Leverhulme's Rivington Bungalow.
Pigeon Tower north east corner of Lord Leverhulme's Terraced Garden 53.6243°N 2.5463°W			1910	The Pigeon Tower was built in gritstone with four storeys, each a single room. It has a steeply pitched roof and a corbelled chimney. On the west side is a semi-circular stair turret Turret In architecture, a turret is a small tower that projects vertically from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle. Turrets were used to provide a projecting defensive position allowing covering fire to the adjacent wall in the days of military fortification...  with a conical roof. The fourth storey, a sitting room, has four light mullion Mullion A mullion is a vertical structural element which divides adjacent window units. The primary purpose of the mullion is as a structural support to an arch or lintel above the window opening. Its secondary purpose may be as a rigid support to the glazing of the window... ed windows on two sides. The second and third storeys are a dovecote Dovecote A dovecote or dovecot is a structure intended to house pigeons or doves. Dovecotes may be square or circular free-standing structures or built into the end of a house or barn. They generally contain pigeonholes for the birds to nest. Pigeons and doves were an important food source historically in... . On the west wall are square pigeon holes with perching ledges.
Seven Arch Bridge in Lord Leverhulme's Terraced Gardens 53.6235°N 2.5485°W			1910	The bridge has random sandstone rubble walls and round stone slate arches and parapet Parapet A parapet is a wall-like barrier at the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony or other structure. Where extending above a roof, it may simply be the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the line of the roof surface, or may be a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a... s. The large round archway is crossed by six small arches. It carries a footpath over an old roadway. It is reputed to be modelled on a similar bridge which Lord Leverhulme saw in Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in... .
Rivington Castle 53.6125°N 2.5630°W			1912 onwards	The replica ruin of Liverpool Castle Liverpool Castle Liverpool Castle was a castle which was situated in Liverpool, England . It stood from the early 13th century to the early 18th century.-Construction:...  is a folly Folly In architecture, a folly is a building constructed primarily for decoration, but either suggesting by its appearance some other purpose, or merely so extravagant that it transcends the normal range of garden ornaments or other class of building to which it belongs...  built for Lord Leverhulme in gritstone close to the Lower Rivington Reservoir Lower Rivington Reservoir Lower Rivington Reservoir is at the end of the Rivington chain of reservoirs, with Upper Rivington Reservoir to the north, and Rivington Water Treatment Works to the south.... . It has a bailey, great hall and gatehouse but was never completed.