Lommis
Encyclopedia
Lommis is a municipality
in the district of Münchwilen
in the canton
of Thurgau
in Switzerland
.
In 854 St. Gallen
received property in the region around Lommis. Around 1200, the Herrschaft
of Lommis was a fief of Reichenau Abbey
of Reichenau and the Counts of Toggenburg
, in the possession of the Ministerialis
(unfree knights in the service of a feudal overlord) family of Lommis. In 1443 Petermann of Raron bought the village. After a further changing hands, it came to Fischingen Abbey
in 1599. It remained under the Abbey until 1798.
The village church was probably built in the High Middle Ages
and was part of the parish
of Affeltrangen
. A priest is first mentioned in the church in 1214. In 1529, the village converted to the new faith during the Protestant Reformation
. However, the local lord was able to re-institute the Mass
in 1532. The Reformed members were part of the parish of Matzingen until 1961. The church was used as a shared church
from 1648 to 1966.
The main economic activities were farming and vineyard
s (until 1900) and peat extraction (until 1918). A mill was built in 1625, along with a sawmill. Between 1810-39 there was a cotton mill
in Lauchetal, followed by an embroidery factory in 1900 and a shoe factory in 1933. The land improvement
of 1918 strengthened the dairy industry. At the beginning of the 21st Century the major industries in Lommis included construction, light industry (including timber, aircraft electronics) and, since 1962, airport jobs. After 1970 the town's population grew rapidly.
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 4.9% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 0.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.5%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 2.6%. Out of the forested land, 25.6% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 58.8% is used for growing crops, while 4.0% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 0.2% is in lakes and 0.5% is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Münchwilen district, in the Lauche valley near Matzingen. It consists of the villages of Lommis, Kalthäusern and Weingarten. The former municipality of Lommis existed between 1803–1994 and consisted of the Bürgergemeinde
n of Lommis, Bettwiesen
and Wetzikon (TG). In 1995, the Bürgergemeinde of Lommis merged with Weingarten to form the new municipality of Lommis.
(94.3%), with Italian
being second most common ( 2.1%) and Albanian
being third ( 1.1%).
, the gender distribution of the population was 49.4% male and 50.6% female. The population was made up of 474 Swiss men (44.3% of the population), and 55 (5.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 500 Swiss women (46.7%), and 41 (3.8%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 6 live births to Swiss citizens and 1 birth to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 3 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 3 while the foreign population increased by 1. There were 1 Swiss woman who emigrated from Switzerland to another country, 9 non-Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country and 5 non-Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 9 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 12 people. This represents a population growth rate of 2.0%.
The age distribution, , in Lommis is; 117 children or 10.8% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 191 teenagers or 17.6% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 108 people or 9.9% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 109 people or 10.0% are between 30 and 39, 237 people or 21.8% are between 40 and 49, and 160 people or 14.7% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 90 people or 8.3% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 50 people or 4.6% are between 70 and 79, there are 20 people or 1.8% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 4 people or 0.4% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.56 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 67.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 354 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.7 persons per household. there were 184 single family homes (or 87.6% of the total) out of a total of 210 inhabited buildings. There were 14 two family buildings (6.7%), 3 three family buildings (1.4%) and 9 multi-family buildings (or 4.3%). There were 173 (or 18.0%) persons who were part of a couple without children, and 615 (or 63.9%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 36 (or 3.7%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 4 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 6 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, 8 who lived in a household made up of unrelated persons, and 22 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing.
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 2.4%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 1 new units per 1000 residents. there were 378 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 5 room apartment of which there were 119. There were 4 single room apartments and 90 apartments with six or more rooms. the average price to rent an average apartment in Lommis was 1148.55 Swiss franc
s (CHF) per month (US$920, £520, €740 approx. exchange rate from 2000). The average rate for a one room apartment was 410.00 CHF (US$330, £180, €260), a two room apartment was about 862.22 CHF (US$690, £390, €550), a three room apartment was about 931.19 CHF (US$740, £420, €600) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 1572.00 CHF (US$1260, £710, €1010). The average apartment price in Lommis was 102.9% of the national average of 1116 CHF.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 53.57% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
(15.49%), the FDP
(9.8%) and the Green Party
(9.66%). In the federal election, a total of 373 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 52.1%.
The historical population is given in the following table:
. Of the rest of the population, there are 2 individuals (or about 0.21% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 52 individuals (or about 5.41% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish
, and 10 (or about 1.04% of the population) who are Islam
ic. There are 1 individuals (or about 0.10% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 78 (or about 8.11% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic
or atheist
, and 25 individuals (or about 2.60% of the population) did not answer the question.
).
Lommis is home to the Lommis primary school district. In the 2008/2009 school year there were 126 students. There were 25 children in the kindergarten
, and the average class size was 12.5 kindergartners. Of the children in kindergarten, 14 or 56.0% were female, 2 or 8.0% were not Swiss citizens and 2 or 8.0% did not speak German natively. The lower and upper primary levels begin at about age 5-6 and last for 6 years. There were 50 children in who were at the lower primary level and 51 children in the upper primary level. The average class size in the primary school was 20.2 students. At the lower primary level, there were 31 children or 62.0% of the total population who were female, 7 or 14.0% were not Swiss citizens and 7 or 14.0% did not speak German natively. In the upper primary level, there were 24 or 47.1% who were female, 3 or 5.9% were not Swiss citizens and 3 or 5.9% did not speak German natively.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Münchwilen
Münchwilen (district)
Münchwilen District is one of the five districts of the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland. It has a population of . Its capital is the town of Münchwilen.The district contains the following municipalities:...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Thurgau
Thurgau
Thurgau is a northeast canton of Switzerland. The population, , is . In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 who were resident foreigners. The capital is Frauenfeld.-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Lommis is first mentioned in 824 as Loubmeissa and Kalthäusern is first mentioned in 1296 as Kalthusiren.In 854 St. Gallen
St. Gallen
St. Gallen is the capital of the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. The town mainly relies on the service sector for its economic...
received property in the region around Lommis. Around 1200, the Herrschaft
Herrschaft (territory)
In the German feudal system, a Herrschaft or Herrlichkeit was the fiefdom of a lord, who in this area exercised his full feudal rights...
of Lommis was a fief of Reichenau Abbey
Reichenau Island
Reichenau Island lies in Lake Constance in southern Germany, at approximately . It lies between Gnadensee and Untersee, two parts of Lake Constance, almost due west of the city of Konstanz. The island is connected to the mainland by a causeway that was completed in 1838...
of Reichenau and the Counts of Toggenburg
Counts of Toggenburg
The Counts of Toggenburg ruled the Toggenburg region of today's Canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland, as well as parts of the Canton of Glarus, Thurgau, Grisons, Vorarlberg, and Zurich when their influence was most extensive....
, in the possession of the Ministerialis
Ministerialis
Ministerialis ; a post-classical Latin word, used in English, meaning originally servitor, agent, in a broad range of senses...
(unfree knights in the service of a feudal overlord) family of Lommis. In 1443 Petermann of Raron bought the village. After a further changing hands, it came to Fischingen Abbey
Fischingen Abbey
Fischingen Abbey , now Fischingen Priory, is a Benedictine monastery situated in Fischingen in the Canton of Thurgau, Switzerland, on the upper reaches of the Murg, a tributary of the Thur...
in 1599. It remained under the Abbey until 1798.
The village church was probably built in the High Middle Ages
High Middle Ages
The High Middle Ages was the period of European history around the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries . The High Middle Ages were preceded by the Early Middle Ages and followed by the Late Middle Ages, which by convention end around 1500....
and was part of the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
of Affeltrangen
Affeltrangen
Affeltrangen is a municipality in the district of Münchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.-History:Affeltrangen is first mentioned in 779 as Affaltrawangas. In 1995 Affeltrangen merged with Buch bei Märwil, Märwil and Zezikon....
. A priest is first mentioned in the church in 1214. In 1529, the village converted to the new faith during the Protestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
. However, the local lord was able to re-institute the Mass
Mass (liturgy)
"Mass" is one of the names by which the sacrament of the Eucharist is called in the Roman Catholic Church: others are "Eucharist", the "Lord's Supper", the "Breaking of Bread", the "Eucharistic assembly ", the "memorial of the Lord's Passion and Resurrection", the "Holy Sacrifice", the "Holy and...
in 1532. The Reformed members were part of the parish of Matzingen until 1961. The church was used as a shared church
Simultaneum
A shared church, or Simultankirche, Simultaneum or, more fully, simultaneum mixtum, a term first coined in 16th century Germany, is a church in which public worship is conducted by adherents of two or more religious groups. Such churches became common in Europe in the wake of the Reformation...
from 1648 to 1966.
The main economic activities were farming and vineyard
Vineyard
A vineyard is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice...
s (until 1900) and peat extraction (until 1918). A mill was built in 1625, along with a sawmill. Between 1810-39 there was a cotton mill
Cotton mill
A cotton mill is a factory that houses spinning and weaving machinery. Typically built between 1775 and 1930, mills spun cotton which was an important product during the Industrial Revolution....
in Lauchetal, followed by an embroidery factory in 1900 and a shoe factory in 1933. The land improvement
Land improvement
Land improvement or land amelioration refers to investments making land more usable by humans. In terms of accounting, land improvements refer to any variety of projects that increase the value of the property...
of 1918 strengthened the dairy industry. At the beginning of the 21st Century the major industries in Lommis included construction, light industry (including timber, aircraft electronics) and, since 1962, airport jobs. After 1970 the town's population grew rapidly.
Geography
Lommis has an area, , of 8.6 square kilometres (3.3 sq mi). Of this area, 5.4 km² (2.1 sq mi) or 62.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while 2.3 km² (0.888034964762831 sq mi) or 26.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.73 km² (0.281854575772551 sq mi) or 8.5% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.06 km² (14.8 acre) or 0.7% is either rivers or lakes and 0.14 km² (34.6 acre) or 1.6% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 4.9% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 0.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.5%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 2.6%. Out of the forested land, 25.6% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 58.8% is used for growing crops, while 4.0% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 0.2% is in lakes and 0.5% is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Münchwilen district, in the Lauche valley near Matzingen. It consists of the villages of Lommis, Kalthäusern and Weingarten. The former municipality of Lommis existed between 1803–1994 and consisted of the Bürgergemeinde
Bürgergemeinde
The Bürgergemeinde is a statutory corporation in public law in Switzerland...
n of Lommis, Bettwiesen
Bettwiesen
Bettwiesen is a municipality in the district of Münchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.-History:Bettwiesen is first mentioned in 868 as Petterwison. During the Middle Ages it belonged to the Prince-Bishop of Constance's Tannegg district. In 1693 the entire district went to the...
and Wetzikon (TG). In 1995, the Bürgergemeinde of Lommis merged with Weingarten to form the new municipality of Lommis.
Demographics
Lommis has a population of , 9.0% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 9.3%. Most of the population speaks GermanGerman language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
(94.3%), with Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
being second most common ( 2.1%) and Albanian
Albanian language
Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...
being third ( 1.1%).
, the gender distribution of the population was 49.4% male and 50.6% female. The population was made up of 474 Swiss men (44.3% of the population), and 55 (5.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 500 Swiss women (46.7%), and 41 (3.8%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 6 live births to Swiss citizens and 1 birth to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 3 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 3 while the foreign population increased by 1. There were 1 Swiss woman who emigrated from Switzerland to another country, 9 non-Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country and 5 non-Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 9 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 12 people. This represents a population growth rate of 2.0%.
The age distribution, , in Lommis is; 117 children or 10.8% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 191 teenagers or 17.6% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 108 people or 9.9% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 109 people or 10.0% are between 30 and 39, 237 people or 21.8% are between 40 and 49, and 160 people or 14.7% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 90 people or 8.3% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 50 people or 4.6% are between 70 and 79, there are 20 people or 1.8% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 4 people or 0.4% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.56 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 67.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 354 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.7 persons per household. there were 184 single family homes (or 87.6% of the total) out of a total of 210 inhabited buildings. There were 14 two family buildings (6.7%), 3 three family buildings (1.4%) and 9 multi-family buildings (or 4.3%). There were 173 (or 18.0%) persons who were part of a couple without children, and 615 (or 63.9%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 36 (or 3.7%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 4 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 6 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, 8 who lived in a household made up of unrelated persons, and 22 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing.
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 2.4%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 1 new units per 1000 residents. there were 378 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 5 room apartment of which there were 119. There were 4 single room apartments and 90 apartments with six or more rooms. the average price to rent an average apartment in Lommis was 1148.55 Swiss franc
Swiss franc
The franc is the currency and legal tender of Switzerland and Liechtenstein; it is also legal tender in the Italian exclave Campione d'Italia. Although not formally legal tender in the German exclave Büsingen , it is in wide daily use there...
s (CHF) per month (US$920, £520, €740 approx. exchange rate from 2000). The average rate for a one room apartment was 410.00 CHF (US$330, £180, €260), a two room apartment was about 862.22 CHF (US$690, £390, €550), a three room apartment was about 931.19 CHF (US$740, £420, €600) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 1572.00 CHF (US$1260, £710, €1010). The average apartment price in Lommis was 102.9% of the national average of 1116 CHF.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 53.57% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(15.49%), the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(9.8%) and the Green Party
Green Party of Switzerland
The Green Party of Switzerland is the fifth-largest party in the National Council of Switzerland, and the largest party that is not represented on the Federal Council.-History:...
(9.66%). In the federal election, a total of 373 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 52.1%.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| Year | Population Lommis | Population Kalthäusern |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 356 | 102 |
| 1900 | 341 | 79 |
| 1950 | 350 | 63 |
| 1990 | 487 | 58 |
| Year | Population, Lommis | |
| 2000 | 962 | |
Economy
, Lommis had an unemployment rate of 0.87%. , there were 77 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 35 businesses involved in this sector. 163 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 17 businesses in this sector. 82 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 30 businesses in this sector. there were 664 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 308 or about 46.4% of the residents worked outside Lommis while 169 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 525 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 4.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 58.1% used a private car.Religion
From the , 405 or 42.1% were Roman Catholic, while 388 or 40.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there are 2 individuals (or about 0.21% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 52 individuals (or about 5.41% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish
Judaism
Judaism ) is the "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people...
, and 10 (or about 1.04% of the population) who are Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
ic. There are 1 individuals (or about 0.10% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 78 (or about 8.11% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....
or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...
, and 25 individuals (or about 2.60% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Lommis about 71.8% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
Lommis is home to the Lommis primary school district. In the 2008/2009 school year there were 126 students. There were 25 children in the kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
, and the average class size was 12.5 kindergartners. Of the children in kindergarten, 14 or 56.0% were female, 2 or 8.0% were not Swiss citizens and 2 or 8.0% did not speak German natively. The lower and upper primary levels begin at about age 5-6 and last for 6 years. There were 50 children in who were at the lower primary level and 51 children in the upper primary level. The average class size in the primary school was 20.2 students. At the lower primary level, there were 31 children or 62.0% of the total population who were female, 7 or 14.0% were not Swiss citizens and 7 or 14.0% did not speak German natively. In the upper primary level, there were 24 or 47.1% who were female, 3 or 5.9% were not Swiss citizens and 3 or 5.9% did not speak German natively.