The Long Market in Gdańsk

Gdansk

Gdańsk is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, at the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay , in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the...

, Poland

Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

, is one of the most notable tourist attraction

Tourist attraction

A tourist attraction is a place of interest where tourists visit, typically for its inherent or exhibited cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, or amusement opportunities....

s of the city.

It is situated between the end of Long Lane (Ulica Długa, Langgasse) and Green Gate

Green Gate

The Green Gate in Gdańsk, Poland, is one of the most notable tourist attractions of the city. It is situated between Long Market and the River Motława.-History:...

 (Brama Zielona, Koggentor).

History

Established in about 13th century, initially as a merchant road leading to the oval market place. Soon after bloody takeover of Gdańsk

Teutonic takeover of Danzig (Gdansk)

The city of Danzig was captured by the State of the Teutonic Order on 13 November 1308, resulting in a massacre of its inhabitants and marking the beginning of tensions between Poland and the Teutonic Order. Originally the knights moved into the fortress as an ally of Poland against the...

 by Teutonic Knights

Teutonic Knights

The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem , commonly the Teutonic Order , is a German medieval military order, in modern times a purely religious Catholic order...

, known as the Gdańsk slaughter, the street become the city's main artery. Its official name in Latin Longa Platea was first written in 1331, German name Langgasse was introduced later and Polish Ulica Długa in 1552. Before the Partitions of Poland

Partitions of Poland

The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland for 123 years...

 it was also called the Royal Route because it served as a road of solemn entrances into the city during the visitations by Polish monarchs. The latter name was popularized between 1457-1552. During the monarchs' visits to the city they were entertained in the tenement houses along the route and during the feasts of the Royal family the city council arrange fireworks here. The street was inhabited by the most prominent and the most wealthy citizens of the Royal City of Gdańsk. It was also a place of executions of witches

Witchcraft

Witchcraft, in historical, anthropological, religious, and mythological contexts, is the alleged use of supernatural or magical powers. A witch is a practitioner of witchcraft...

, heretics

Heresy

Heresy is a controversial or novel change to a system of beliefs, especially a religion, that conflicts with established dogma. It is distinct from apostasy, which is the formal denunciation of one's religion, principles or cause, and blasphemy, which is irreverence toward religion...

 and criminals

Crime

Crime is the breach of rules or laws for which some governing authority can ultimately prescribe a conviction...

 that were nobles or city's citizens

Citizenship

Citizenship is the state of being a citizen of a particular social, political, national, or human resource community. Citizenship status, under social contract theory, carries with it both rights and responsibilities...

. The others were executed on Galgenberg/Szubieniczna Góra (Gallows Mountain) or in Peinkammertor/Katownia (Torture chamber).

Features

No.	Description	Picture
1	Hewel House. In the beginning of the 17th century it was owned by a merchant Jerzy Hewel. His wealth enabled him to found 11 ships to king Władysław IV in 1635, the core of the Polish fleet.
9	Curicke House. After 1632 it was owned by Jerzy Curicki (Georg Curicke), whose son Rajnold was an author of famous Description of the City of Gdańsk published in 1687 in Gdańsk and in Amsterdam Amsterdam Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population... .
12	Uphagen House. The house was erected in 1776 for a merchant Jan Uphagen. He died childless and left his property to the city under condition that his house will be kept unchanged. The interior is a good example of the 18th century merchant furnishings of the king Stanisław Augustus' epoch.
28	Ferber House. It was built for the city mayor Constantin Ferber in 1560. The attic is decorated with coat of arms of Poland, Gdańsk and Royal Prussia Royal Prussia Royal Prussia was a Region of the Kingdom of Poland and of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth . Polish Prussia included Pomerelia, Chełmno Land , Malbork Voivodeship , Gdańsk , Toruń , and Elbląg . It is distinguished from Ducal Prussia...  and four sculptures. Constantin Feber was prisoned in Łowicz by king Stephen Báthory because of his support for Archduke Maximilian Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II was king of Bohemia and king of the Romans from 1562, king of Hungary and Croatia from 1563, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation from 1564 until his death...  during the 1575 election and rebellion against the king.
35	Lion Castle. Built for the Schwartzwalds family in 1569. The facade was adorned by Vroom of Haarlem Haarlem Haarlem is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of North Holland, the northern half of Holland, which at one time was the most powerful of the seven provinces of the Dutch Republic... . The house was named after two lion sculptures decorating the main portal. In 1636 king Władysław IV Vasa Władysław IV Vasa Władysław IV Vasa was a Polish and Swedish prince from the House of Vasa. He reigned as King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 8 November 1632 to his death in 1648....  was entertained in the house during his visit to the city. Today it houses the Russian Centre of Science and Culture.
45	Schumann House. Built for Hans Conert the Younger by unknown architect in 1560. The building was known at that time as the King's House. The top of the house is decorated with the sculpture of Zeus Zeus In the ancient Greek religion, Zeus was the "Father of Gods and men" who ruled the Olympians of Mount Olympus as a father ruled the family. He was the god of sky and thunder in Greek mythology. His Roman counterpart is Jupiter and his Etruscan counterpart is Tinia.Zeus was the child of Cronus... . Schumann House's architecture bears strong resemblance to Gildehuis der Kuipers (Coopers' House) and to Huis van de Schutters (Archer's House) in Antwerp.
46	Town Hall. The original 15th century structure was reconstructed after a fire that broke out in 1556. In 1561 a gilded statue of King Sigismund II Augustus Sigismund II Augustus Sigismund II Augustus I was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, the only son of Sigismund I the Old, whom Sigismund II succeeded in 1548...  of Poland was installed on a pinnacle of rebuilt tower.
-	Neptune's Fountain. It was constructed in 1617 to design by Abraham van den Blocke. The fountain was founded by the city councillors at Barthell Schachtmann's initiative. The Neptune's statue was cast in Augsburg Augsburg Augsburg is a city in the south-west of Bavaria, Germany. It is a university town and home of the Regierungsbezirk Schwaben and the Bezirk Schwaben. Augsburg is an urban district and home to the institutions of the Landkreis Augsburg. It is, as of 2008, the third-largest city in Bavaria with a...  by Peter Husen and Johann Rogge. In 1634 the fountain was encompassed by a fence decorated with gilded Polish Eagles Coat of arms of Poland The White Eagle is the national coat of arms of Poland. It is a stylized white eagle with a golden beak and talons, and wearing a golden crown, in a red shield.- Legal basis :... , also designed by Abraham van den Blocke.
44	Artus Court. It was originally built in about 1350 and reconstructed between 1616-1618 by Abraham van den Blocke Abraham van den Blocke Abraham van den Blocke was an architect and sculptor.Van den Blocke was born in Königsberg , presumably the oldest of seven children of Dorothea and Willem van den Blocke. In 1584 the family lived in Gdańsk, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, where he was educated as a sculptor in his father's workshop... .
41	Golden House. It was built between 1609-1618 by Abraham van den Blocke. Constructed for Johann Speymann, a wealthy grain trader and mayor of the city, and his wife Judith Bahr. The attic is decorated with sculptures depicting Cleopatra, Oedipus Oedipus Oedipus was a mythical Greek king of Thebes. He fulfilled a prophecy that said he would kill his father and marry his mother, and thus brought disaster on his city and family... , Achilles Achilles In Greek mythology, Achilles was a Greek hero of the Trojan War, the central character and the greatest warrior of Homer's Iliad.Plato named Achilles the handsomest of the heroes assembled against Troy....  and Antigone Antigone In Greek mythology, Antigone is the daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta, Oedipus' mother. The name may be taken to mean "unbending", coming from "anti-" and "-gon / -gony" , but has also been suggested to mean "opposed to motherhood", "in place of a mother", or "anti-generative", based from the root...  by Johann Vogt of Rostock Rostock Rostock -Early history:In the 11th century Polabian Slavs founded a settlement at the Warnow river called Roztoc ; the name Rostock is derived from that designation. The Danish king Valdemar I set the town aflame in 1161.Afterwards the place was settled by German traders... .
24	Green Gate Green Gate The Green Gate in Gdańsk, Poland, is one of the most notable tourist attractions of the city. It is situated between Long Market and the River Motława.-History:... . It was inspired by the Antwerp City Hall Antwerp City Hall The City Hall of Antwerp, Belgium, stands on the western side of Antwerp's Grote Markt . Erected between 1561 and 1565 to the design of Cornelis Floris de Vriendt and several other architects and artists, this Renaissance building incorporates both Flemish and Italian influences.The low arcaded...  (architect Regnier van Amsterdam). It was built to serve as the formal residence of the Polish monarchs.