Louis-Jérôme Gohier
Encyclopedia
Louis-Jérôme Gohier was a French
politician of the Revolutionary
period.
(Indre-et-Loire
), the son of a notary, he was called to the bar association
in Rennes
, and practiced there until he was sent to represent the town in the Estates-general
of 1789. In the Legislative Assembly
he represented Ille-et-Vilaine
, taking a prominent part in the deliberations. He protested against the exaction of a new oath from priests
(22 November 1791), and demanded the sequestration of the émigré
s property (7 February 1792).
Gohier was Minister of Justice from March 1793 to April 1794, overseeing the arrest of Girondist
s, and, a member of the Council of Five Hundred
, he succeeded Jean Baptiste Treilhard
in the French Directory
(June 1799), where he represented the Republican view in front of growing Royalist
opposition.
suddenly returned from the Egyptian campaign
in October 1799 he repeatedly tried to win Gohier, who was then president of the Directory, to his political projects. After Bonaparte's coup of 18 Brumaire
(9 November 1799), Gohier refused to resign his office, and sought an audience with Bonaparte at the Tuileries Palace
, in an attempt to save the Republic. He was escorted to the Luxembourg Palace
, and on his release he retired to his estate at Eaubonne
.
In 1802, Napoleon made him consul-general
at Amsterdam
(in the Batavian Republic
), and on the union of the Kingdom of Holland
with the French Empire
, he was offered a similar post in the United States
. His health did not permit of his taking up a new appointment, and he died at Eaubonne.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
politician of the Revolutionary
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
period.
Revolution
Born at SemblançaySemblançay
Semblançay is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.-See also:*Communes of the Indre-et-Loire department*Samblanay...
(Indre-et-Loire
Indre-et-Loire
Indre-et-Loire is a department in west-central France named after the Indre and the Loire rivers.-History:Indre-et-Loire is one of the original 83 départements created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790...
), the son of a notary, he was called to the bar association
Bar association
A bar association is a professional body of lawyers. Some bar associations are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in their jurisdiction; others are professional organizations dedicated to serving their members; in many cases, they are both...
in Rennes
Rennes
Rennes is a city in the east of Brittany in northwestern France. Rennes is the capital of the region of Brittany, as well as the Ille-et-Vilaine department.-History:...
, and practiced there until he was sent to represent the town in the Estates-general
Estates-General of 1789
The Estates-General of 1789 was the first meeting since 1614 of the French Estates-General, a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the nobility, the Church, and the common people...
of 1789. In the Legislative Assembly
Legislative Assembly (France)
During the French Revolution, the Legislative Assembly was the legislature of France from 1 October 1791 to September 1792. It provided the focus of political debate and revolutionary law-making between the periods of the National Constituent Assembly and of the National Convention.The Legislative...
he represented Ille-et-Vilaine
Ille-et-Vilaine
Ille-et-Vilaine is a department of France, located in the region of Brittany in the northwest of the country.- History :Ille-et-Vilaine is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790...
, taking a prominent part in the deliberations. He protested against the exaction of a new oath from priests
Civil Constitution of the Clergy
The Civil Constitution of the Clergy was a law passed on 12 July 1790 during the French Revolution, that subordinated the Roman Catholic Church in France to the French government....
(22 November 1791), and demanded the sequestration of the émigré
Émigré
Émigré is a French term that literally refers to a person who has "migrated out", but often carries a connotation of politico-social self-exile....
s property (7 February 1792).
Gohier was Minister of Justice from March 1793 to April 1794, overseeing the arrest of Girondist
Girondist
The Girondists were a political faction in France within the Legislative Assembly and the National Convention during the French Revolution...
s, and, a member of the Council of Five Hundred
Council of Five Hundred
The Council of Five Hundred , or simply the Five Hundred was the lower house of the legislature of France during the period commonly known as the Directory , from 22 August 1795 until 9 November 1799, roughly the second half of the period generally referred to as the...
, he succeeded Jean Baptiste Treilhard
Jean Baptiste Treilhard
Jean-Baptiste Treilhard was a French political figure of the revolutionary period.-Early in the Revolution:Born in Brive-la-Gaillarde, Corrèze, he settled in Paris, where he gained reputation as a lawyer at the parlement and became a deputy to the Estates-General of 1789, then to the National...
in the French Directory
French Directory
The Directory was a body of five Directors that held executive power in France following the Convention and preceding the Consulate...
(June 1799), where he represented the Republican view in front of growing Royalist
House of Bourbon
The House of Bourbon is a European royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty . Bourbon kings first ruled Navarre and France in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Bourbon dynasty also held thrones in Spain, Naples, Sicily, and Parma...
opposition.
Bonaparte
His wife was intimate with Josephine Bonaparte, and when Napoleon BonaparteNapoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
suddenly returned from the Egyptian campaign
French Revolutionary Wars: Campaigns of 1799
By 1799, the French Revolutionary Wars had resumed after a period of relative peace in 1798. The Second Coalition had organized against France, with Great Britain allying with Russia, Austria, the Ottoman Empire, and several of the minor German and Italian states...
in October 1799 he repeatedly tried to win Gohier, who was then president of the Directory, to his political projects. After Bonaparte's coup of 18 Brumaire
18 Brumaire
The coup of 18 Brumaire was the coup d'état by which General Napoleon Bonaparte overthrew the French Directory, replacing it with the French Consulate...
(9 November 1799), Gohier refused to resign his office, and sought an audience with Bonaparte at the Tuileries Palace
Tuileries Palace
The Tuileries Palace was a royal palace in Paris which stood on the right bank of the River Seine until 1871, when it was destroyed in the upheaval during the suppression of the Paris Commune...
, in an attempt to save the Republic. He was escorted to the Luxembourg Palace
Luxembourg Palace
The Luxembourg Palace in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, north of the Luxembourg Garden , is the seat of the French Senate.The formal Luxembourg Garden presents a 25-hectare green parterre of gravel and lawn populated with statues and provided with large basins of water where children sail model...
, and on his release he retired to his estate at Eaubonne
Eaubonne
Eaubonne is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.-Twin towns:It is twinned with Matlock, Derbyshire, England, Budenheim, Germany and Vălenii de Munte, Romania.-Transport:...
.
In 1802, Napoleon made him consul-general
Consul (representative)
The political title Consul is used for the official representatives of the government of one state in the territory of another, normally acting to assist and protect the citizens of the consul's own country, and to facilitate trade and friendship between the peoples of the two countries...
at Amsterdam
Amsterdam
Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...
(in the Batavian Republic
Batavian Republic
The Batavian Republic was the successor of the Republic of the United Netherlands. It was proclaimed on January 19, 1795, and ended on June 5, 1806, with the accession of Louis Bonaparte to the throne of the Kingdom of Holland....
), and on the union of the Kingdom of Holland
Kingdom of Holland
The Kingdom of Holland 1806–1810 was set up by Napoleon Bonaparte as a puppet kingdom for his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, in order to better control the Netherlands. The name of the leading province, Holland, was now taken for the whole country...
with the French Empire
First French Empire
The First French Empire , also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France...
, he was offered a similar post in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. His health did not permit of his taking up a new appointment, and he died at Eaubonne.
Works
- Mémoires d'un vétéran irreprochable de la Révolution (published in 1824)
- A report on the papers of the civil listCivil list-United Kingdom:In the United Kingdom, the Civil List is the name given to the annual grant that covers some expenses associated with the Sovereign performing their official duties, including those for staff salaries, State Visits, public engagements, ceremonial functions and the upkeep of the...
preparatory to the trial of King Louis XVILouis XVI of FranceLouis XVI was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre until 1791, and then as King of the French from 1791 to 1792, before being executed in 1793....
, printed in Le Procès de Louis XVI (ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
) etc., while other reports are featured in the Moniteur Universel.