Ludiano
Encyclopedia
Ludiano is a former municipality
in the district of Blenio
in the canton
of Ticino
in Switzerland
. Since 15 March 2011, it is part of the municipality Serravalle.
grave offerings. The modern municipality of Ludiano is first mentioned in 1211 as Luguilano. It was mentioned as a local center for surrounding farmhouses and villages in 1351.
The parish church
of S. Secondo is first mentioned in 1293. It was rebuilt in 1779-82, though the older romanesque
clock tower was retained.
In the past, the main sources of income were crops, livestock and vineyards. This income was supplemented by money sent back to the village by emigrants to other European countries. After the emigration-related decline in the mid-19th Century, the number of inhabitants has increased in the last decades of the 20th Century and has led to numerous new homes. In 2000 about half the jobs in the village were in manufacturing and the services sector accounted for about a fifth of the jobs. Two thirds of the working population earned their livelihood outside the community.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 2.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.0%. Out of the forested land, 75.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.6% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 4.0% is used for growing crops, while 1.6% is used for orchards or vine crops and 2.9% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water. Of the unproductive areas, 2.3% is unproductive vegetation and 4.0% is too rocky for vegetation.
The municipality is located in the Blenio district, on the right side of the lower Blenio valley. The municipalities of Ludiano, Malvaglia
and Semione
merged on 15 March 2011 into the new municipality Serravalle.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Gules St. Secundus clerad Or holding in his dexter hand a pennant Argent and in his sinister a Church of the last.
Most of the population speaks Italian
(87.6%), with German
being second most common ( 5.8%) and French
being third ( 3.1%). Of the Swiss national languages , 17 speak German
, 9 people speak French
, 255 people speak Italian
. The remainder (10 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 47.4% male and 52.6% female. The population was made up of 170 Swiss men (45.0% of the population), and 9 (2.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 188 Swiss women (49.7%), and 11 (2.9%) non-Swiss women. In there were 3 live births to Swiss citizens and births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 3 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens remained the same while the foreign population decreased by 1. There was 1 non-Swiss man who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 3 and the non-Swiss population change was a decrease of 1 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.5%.
The age distribution, , in Ludiano is; 50 children or 13.2% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 48 teenagers or 12.7% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 32 people or 8.5% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 47 people or 12.4% are between 30 and 39, 62 people or 16.4% are between 40 and 49, and 31 people or 8.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 38 people or 10.1% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 39 people or 10.3% are between 70 and 79, there are 31 people or 8.2% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.54 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 58.1% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 129 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. there were 144 single family homes (or 80.0% of the total) out of a total of 180 inhabited buildings. There were 17 two family buildings (9.4%) and 16 multi-family buildings (8.9%). There were also 3 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 236 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 4 room apartment of which there were 75. There were 18 single room apartments and 63 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 129 apartments (54.7% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 102 apartments (43.2%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (2.1%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
the most popular party was the CVP
which received 39.88% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP
(18.9%), the SP
(18.23%) and the Ticino League
(16.24%). In the federal election, a total of 159 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 61.6%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 260 registered voters in Ludiano, of which 195 or 75.0% voted. 2 blank ballots were cast, leaving 193 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD
+GenGiova which received 60 or 31.1% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS
(with 46 or 23.8%), the SSI (with 31 or 16.1%) and the LEGA
(with 27 or 14.0%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, there were 2 blank ballots, which left 193 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD which received 55 or 28.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS (with 51 or 26.4%), the LEGA (with 39 or 20.2%) and the SSI (with 25 or 13.0%).
, there were 34 workers who commuted into the municipality and 87 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.6 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 10.4% used public transportation to get to work, and 67.2% used a private car.
. There are 29 individuals (or about 9.97% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 13 individuals (or about 4.47% of the population) did not answer the question.
).
In Ludiano there are a total of 88 students . The Ticino education system
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
and in Ludiano there are 16 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 30 students attend the standard primary schools and 2 students attend the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There are 24 students in the two year middle school and 0 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 5 students are in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There was 1 vocational student who was attending school full-time and 8 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There are 2 students in the professional program.
, there were 3 students in Ludiano who came from another municipality, while 21 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Blenio
Blenio (district)
The district of Blenio is a district of the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. It has a population of . The capital of the district is Acquarossa.-Geography:...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Ticino
Ticino
Canton Ticino or Ticino is the southernmost canton of Switzerland. Named after the Ticino river, it is the only canton in which Italian is the sole official language...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
. Since 15 March 2011, it is part of the municipality Serravalle.
History
In 1926 a grave was discovered which contained Iron AgeIron Age
The Iron Age is the archaeological period generally occurring after the Bronze Age, marked by the prevalent use of iron. The early period of the age is characterized by the widespread use of iron or steel. The adoption of such material coincided with other changes in society, including differing...
grave offerings. The modern municipality of Ludiano is first mentioned in 1211 as Luguilano. It was mentioned as a local center for surrounding farmhouses and villages in 1351.
The parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
of S. Secondo is first mentioned in 1293. It was rebuilt in 1779-82, though the older romanesque
Romanesque architecture
Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of Medieval Europe characterised by semi-circular arches. There is no consensus for the beginning date of the Romanesque architecture, with proposals ranging from the 6th to the 10th century. It developed in the 12th century into the Gothic style,...
clock tower was retained.
In the past, the main sources of income were crops, livestock and vineyards. This income was supplemented by money sent back to the village by emigrants to other European countries. After the emigration-related decline in the mid-19th Century, the number of inhabitants has increased in the last decades of the 20th Century and has led to numerous new homes. In 2000 about half the jobs in the village were in manufacturing and the services sector accounted for about a fifth of the jobs. Two thirds of the working population earned their livelihood outside the community.
Geography
Ludiano has an area, , of 6.19 square kilometres (2.4 sq mi). Of this area, 0.53 km² (0.204634144054044 sq mi) or 8.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 4.81 km² (1.9 sq mi) or 77.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.25 km² (0.0965255396481338 sq mi) or 4.0% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.07 km² (17.3 acre) or 1.1% is either rivers or lakes and 0.39 km² (0.150579841851089 sq mi) or 6.3% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 2.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.0%. Out of the forested land, 75.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.6% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 4.0% is used for growing crops, while 1.6% is used for orchards or vine crops and 2.9% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water. Of the unproductive areas, 2.3% is unproductive vegetation and 4.0% is too rocky for vegetation.
The municipality is located in the Blenio district, on the right side of the lower Blenio valley. The municipalities of Ludiano, Malvaglia
Malvaglia
Malvaglia is a former municipality in the district of Blenio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. Since 15 March 2011, it is part of the municipality Serravalle. The reservoir Bacino di Val Malvaglia is located above the village of Malvaglia.-History:...
and Semione
Semione
Semione is a former municipality in the district of Blenio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. Since 15 March 2011, it is part of the municipality Serravalle.-Geography:...
merged on 15 March 2011 into the new municipality Serravalle.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Gules St. Secundus clerad Or holding in his dexter hand a pennant Argent and in his sinister a Church of the last.
Demographics
Ludiano has a population of . , 6.2% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 32.6%.Most of the population speaks Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
(87.6%), with German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
being second most common ( 5.8%) and French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
being third ( 3.1%). Of the Swiss national languages , 17 speak German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
, 9 people speak French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
, 255 people speak Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
. The remainder (10 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 47.4% male and 52.6% female. The population was made up of 170 Swiss men (45.0% of the population), and 9 (2.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 188 Swiss women (49.7%), and 11 (2.9%) non-Swiss women. In there were 3 live births to Swiss citizens and births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 3 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens remained the same while the foreign population decreased by 1. There was 1 non-Swiss man who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 3 and the non-Swiss population change was a decrease of 1 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.5%.
The age distribution, , in Ludiano is; 50 children or 13.2% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 48 teenagers or 12.7% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 32 people or 8.5% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 47 people or 12.4% are between 30 and 39, 62 people or 16.4% are between 40 and 49, and 31 people or 8.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 38 people or 10.1% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 39 people or 10.3% are between 70 and 79, there are 31 people or 8.2% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.54 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 58.1% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 129 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. there were 144 single family homes (or 80.0% of the total) out of a total of 180 inhabited buildings. There were 17 two family buildings (9.4%) and 16 multi-family buildings (8.9%). There were also 3 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 236 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 4 room apartment of which there were 75. There were 18 single room apartments and 63 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 129 apartments (54.7% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 102 apartments (43.2%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (2.1%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1567 | 250 |
| 1808 | 291 |
| 1850 | 389 |
| 1900 | 294 |
| 1950 | 242 |
| 2000 | 291 |
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
which received 39.88% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(18.9%), the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(18.23%) and the Ticino League
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(16.24%). In the federal election, a total of 159 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 61.6%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 260 registered voters in Ludiano, of which 195 or 75.0% voted. 2 blank ballots were cast, leaving 193 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
+GenGiova which received 60 or 31.1% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(with 46 or 23.8%), the SSI (with 31 or 16.1%) and the LEGA
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(with 27 or 14.0%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, there were 2 blank ballots, which left 193 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD which received 55 or 28.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS (with 51 or 26.4%), the LEGA (with 39 or 20.2%) and the SSI (with 25 or 13.0%).
Economy
, Ludiano had an unemployment rate of 2.88%. , there were 25 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 10 businesses involved in this sector. 41 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 4 businesses in this sector. 10 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 6 businesses in this sector. There were 125 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 40.8% of the workforce., there were 34 workers who commuted into the municipality and 87 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.6 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 10.4% used public transportation to get to work, and 67.2% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 230 or 79.0% were Roman Catholic, while 19 or 6.5% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. There are 29 individuals (or about 9.97% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 13 individuals (or about 4.47% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Ludiano about 70.3% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
In Ludiano there are a total of 88 students . The Ticino education system
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
and in Ludiano there are 16 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 30 students attend the standard primary schools and 2 students attend the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There are 24 students in the two year middle school and 0 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 5 students are in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There was 1 vocational student who was attending school full-time and 8 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There are 2 students in the professional program.
, there were 3 students in Ludiano who came from another municipality, while 21 residents attended schools outside the municipality.