von Mises (ˈluːtvɪç fɔn ˈmiːzəs; September 29, 1881 – October 10, 1973) was an Austrian economist
, philosopher, and classical liberal
who had a significant influence on the modern Libertarian
movement and the "Austrian School
" of economic thought.
Ludwig von Mises was born to wealthy Jewish parents in the city of Lemberg
, in Galicia, Austria-Hungary
(now Lviv
in Ukraine
). The family of his father Arthur Edler von Mises had been elevated to the Austrian nobility in the 19th century, and was involved in building and financing railroads.
If one rejects laissez faire on account of man's fallibility and moral weakness, one must for the same reason also reject every kind of government action.
The main political problem is how to prevent the police power from becoming tyrannical. This is the meaning of all the struggles for liberty.
As society is only possible if everyone, while living his own life, at the same time helps others to live; if every individual is simultaneously means and end; if each individual's well-being is simultaneously the condition necessary to the well-being of others, it is evident that the contrast between I and thou, means and end, automatically is overcome.
The philosophy called individualism is a philosophy of social cooperation and the progressive intensification of the social nexus.
The meaning of economic freedom is this: that the individual is in a position to choose the way in which he wants to integrate himself into the totality of society.
The goal of liberalism is the peaceful cooperation of all men. It aims at peace among nations too. When there is private ownership of the means of production everywhere and when laws, the tribunals and the administration treat foreigners and citizens on equal terms, it is of little importance where a country's frontiers are drawn. ... War no longer pays; there is no motive for aggression. ... All nations can coexist peacefully...
If history could teach us anything, it would be that private property is inextricably linked with civilization.
No wonder that all who have had something new to offer humanity have had nothing good to say of the state or its laws.
This, then, is freedom in the external life of man — that he is independent of the arbitrary power of his fellows.