Lugo
Encyclopedia
Lugo is a city in northwestern Spain
, in the autonomous community
of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo
. The municipality had a population of 97,635 in 2010, which makes is the fourth most populated city in Galicia.
In 2010 there were 5,373 foreigners living in the city, representing a 5,5% of the total population. The main nationalities are Colombians
(18%), Moroccans (12%) and Brazilians (11%).
By language, according to 2008 data, 16% of the population speak always in Galician
, 20% speak always in Spanish
and the rest use both interchangeably.
, Rato and Chanca. The difference in altitude between downtown and the river banks is considerable, while in the center of the city's altitude of 465 meters above sea level, at the height of the Miño River Walk is the altitude of only 364 meters. The municipality of Lugo is the second largest in Galicia, with 329.78 km ² and 59 parishes. It should be emphasized that the outline of the city was declared a Biosphere Reserve
by UNESCO
on 7 November 2002, this being the most important recognition at international level regarding the conservation of landscapes and habitats of this Atlantic European region.
, with dryer summers, on the boundary between Csb and Cfb in the Köppen climate classification
. Due to its remoteness from the Atlantic, its annual precipitation of 1084 millimetres (42.7 in) can be considered low compared with areas of the Rias Baixas and Santiago de Compostela
. The highest temperature recorded in history, 39.6 °C (103.3 °F), occurred in August 1961 and the lowest temperature was −13.2 C in February 1983. The city has an average of six days of snow per year, which is a contrast to coastal cities of Galicia which have not received snow in modern times.
Lugo ('luɤʊ) is a city in northwestern Spain
, in the autonomous community
of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo
. The municipality had a population of 97,635 in 2010, which makes is the fourth most populated city in Galicia.
In 2010 there were 5,373 foreigners living in the city, representing a 5,5% of the total population. The main nationalities are Colombians
(18%), Moroccans (12%) and Brazilians (11%).
By language, according to 2008 data, 16% of the population speak always in Galician
, 20% speak always in Spanish
and the rest use both interchangeably.
, Rato and Chanca. The difference in altitude between downtown and the river banks is considerable, while in the center of the city's altitude of 465 meters above sea level, at the height of the Miño River Walk is the altitude of only 364 meters. The municipality of Lugo is the second largest in Galicia, with 329.78 km ² and 59 parishes. It should be emphasized that the outline of the city was declared a Biosphere Reserve
by UNESCO
on 7 November 2002, this being the most important recognition at international level regarding the conservation of landscapes and habitats of this Atlantic European region.
, with dryer summers, on the boundary between Csb and Cfb in the Köppen climate classification
. Due to its remoteness from the Atlantic, its annual precipitation of 1084 millimetres (42.7 in) can be considered low compared with areas of the Rias Baixas and Santiago de Compostela
. The highest temperature recorded in history, 39.6 °C (103.3 °F), occurred in August 1961 and the lowest temperature was −13.2 C in February 1983. The city has an average of six days of snow per year, which is a contrast to coastal cities of Galicia which have not received snow in modern times.
Lugo ('luɤʊ) is a city in northwestern Spain
, in the autonomous community
of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo
. The municipality had a population of 97,635 in 2010, which makes is the fourth most populated city in Galicia.
In 2010 there were 5,373 foreigners living in the city, representing a 5,5% of the total population. The main nationalities are Colombians
(18%), Moroccans (12%) and Brazilians (11%).
By language, according to 2008 data, 16% of the population speak always in Galician
, 20% speak always in Spanish
and the rest use both interchangeably.
, Rato and Chanca. The difference in altitude between downtown and the river banks is considerable, while in the center of the city's altitude of 465 meters above sea level, at the height of the Miño River Walk is the altitude of only 364 meters. The municipality of Lugo is the second largest in Galicia, with 329.78 km ² and 59 parishes. It should be emphasized that the outline of the city was declared a Biosphere Reserve
by UNESCO
on 7 November 2002, this being the most important recognition at international level regarding the conservation of landscapes and habitats of this Atlantic European region.
, with dryer summers, on the boundary between Csb and Cfb in the Köppen climate classification
. Due to its remoteness from the Atlantic, its annual precipitation of 1084 millimetres (42.7 in) can be considered low compared with areas of the Rias Baixas and Santiago de Compostela
. The highest temperature recorded in history, 39.6 °C (103.3 °F), occurred in August 1961 and the lowest temperature was −13.2 C in February 1983. The city has an average of six days of snow per year, which is a contrast to coastal cities of Galicia which have not received snow in modern times.
, a pan-Celtic God of light, oaths and arts. Later conquered by Paulus Fabius Maximus and called Lucus Augusti in 13 BC on the positioning of a Roman military camp, while the Roman Empire completed the conquest, in the North, of the Iberian Peninsula
. Situated in what was the Roman province
of Hispania Tarraconensis
, it was the chief town of the tribe of the Capori
. Though small it was the most important Roman town in what became Gallaecia
during the Roman period, the seat of a conventus, one of three in Gallaecia, and later became one of the two capitals of Gallaecia, and gave its name to the Callaïci Lucenses. It was centrally situated in a large gold mining region, which during the Roman period was very active. The Conventus Lucensis, according to Pliny
, began at the river Navilubio, and contained 16 peoples; besides the Celtici
and Lebuni. Though these tribes were not powerful, and their names "barbarous" to Roman ears, there were among them 166,000 freemen. The city stood on one of the upper branches of the Minius (modern Minho
), on the road from Bracara to Asturica, and had some famous baths, near from the bridge across the Minho.
Lucus was the seat of a bishopric
by the later 5th century at the latest and remained an administrative center under the Suebi
and Visigoths, before going into such a decline that the site was found to be deserted in the middle of the eighth century by bishop Odoario, who set about reviving it. Tenth century attempts at rebuilding its casas destructas (abandoned tenements) suggest that it remained a town only on paper: the seat of a bishopric, administered by a count, from which royal charters were issued. "Its commercial and industrial role was insignificant", Richard Fletcher wrote of 11th century Lugo.
During the Middle Ages Lugo, like Santiago de Compostela
, was a center of pilgrimage, because the cathedral had the special privilege, it still retains today, of exposing to the public the consecrated host twenty-four hours a day. In the eighteenth century Lugo was granted the privilege of organizing the fairs of St. Froilán. During the Modern Age, Lugo had a certain supremacy, although other nearby towns such as Mondoñedo
or Ribadeo
disputed it. It was not until the division of the state into provinces in 1833 and the creation of provincial governments that Lugo has become the most important town from the province of Lugo, because of its capital status. This rise has been bolstered by the arrival of the first railroad to the city in 1875.
During the XX century the city continued to grow as the administration and services center of the province. In 1936, when the Civil War
broke out, the city became quickly under the Nationalists
control. In the 70s the city met important reforms, like the development of the Ceao Industrial Area (1979) and the complete restoration of the roman walls
.
Infanta Elena, the elder daughter of King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofía of Spain
and fourth in the line of succession to the Spanish throne, is Duchess of Lugo since 1995.
In 2000, the inscription of the roman walls
on UNESCO's
World Heritage Site
was an important event in the city.
There is a big shopping center in the outskirts of the city (As Termas), with a Eroski
hypermarket, cinemas, clothing stores like H&M
, NewYorker
or Cortefiel
and many restaurants and fast food chains like McDonald's
. It's also in construction a new shopping center (Abella), which will host a E.Leclerc
hypermarket.
The University of Santiago de Compostela
has several faculties in Lugo Campus, emphasizing the Faculty of Veterinary, one of the leading in its field in Spain.
Daily newspaper El Progreso, is published in the city. It's the most read newspaper in the province of Lugo.
There is private aerodrome
in the nearby town of Rozas, owned by the Spanish Ministry of Defence
and administered by Real Aero Club de Lugo. In 2011, the Ministry of Defence transferred the installations to INTA
, the Spain's space agency, in order to convert it in a center of aeronautical research,
, which reach a height of 10 to 15 metres along a 2117 m circuit ringed with 71 towers. The walk along the top is continuous round the circuit, and features ten gates. These 3rd century walls are protected by UNESCO
as a World Heritage Site
. The bridge over the Minho is essentially of Roman date, though many repairs over the centuries have effaced its Roman character.
Other sources suggest that the name Lucus Augusti comes from the Latin word Lucus, which means "sacred grove", or "sacred forest", as the city was founded on the place of a small grove.
Besides the walls, sights include:
Two important festivals take place in Lugo:
, currently playing in LEB
league, the second division in Spain
, although it has played many seasons in Liga ACB the top Spanish basketball league. The team occupies the 9th position in the historical ranking of that league.
Futsal
is also popular in Lugo, represented by Azkar Lugo, which plays in Spanish first division.
The football team of Lugo is CD Lugo
, currently playing in Spanish Segunda División B
.
Dinan
, France
Viana do Castelo, Portugal
Qinhuangdao
, People's Republic of China
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, in the autonomous community
Autonomous communities of Spain
An autonomous community In other languages of Spain:*Catalan/Valencian .*Galician .*Basque . The second article of the constitution recognizes the rights of "nationalities and regions" to self-government and declares the "indissoluble unity of the Spanish nation".Political power in Spain is...
of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo
Lugo (province)
Lugo is a province of northwestern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Galicia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ourense, Pontevedra, and A Coruña, the principality of Asturias, the State of León, and in the north by the Cantabrian Sea .The population is 356,595 , of...
. The municipality had a population of 97,635 in 2010, which makes is the fourth most populated city in Galicia.
Population
The population of the city in 2010 was 97,635 inhabitants, growing constantly since the first census in 1842, while the rest of the province is losing population dramatically.In 2010 there were 5,373 foreigners living in the city, representing a 5,5% of the total population. The main nationalities are Colombians
Colombian people
Colombian people are from a multiethnic Spanish speaking nation in South America called Colombia. Colombians are predominantly Roman Catholic and are a mixture of Europeans, Africans, and Amerindians.-Demography:...
(18%), Moroccans (12%) and Brazilians (11%).
By language, according to 2008 data, 16% of the population speak always in Galician
Galician language
Galician is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community located in northwestern Spain, where it is co-official with Castilian Spanish, as well as in border zones of the neighbouring territories of Asturias and Castile and León.Modern Galician and...
, 20% speak always in Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
and the rest use both interchangeably.
Geography
The town lays on a hill surrounded by the rivers MinhoMinho River
The Minho or Miño is the longest river in Galicia, Spain, with an extension of 340 km.Both names come from Latin Minius...
, Rato and Chanca. The difference in altitude between downtown and the river banks is considerable, while in the center of the city's altitude of 465 meters above sea level, at the height of the Miño River Walk is the altitude of only 364 meters. The municipality of Lugo is the second largest in Galicia, with 329.78 km ² and 59 parishes. It should be emphasized that the outline of the city was declared a Biosphere Reserve
World Network of Biosphere Reserves
The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves covers internationally-designated protected areas, known as biosphere reserves, that are meant to demonstrate a balanced relationship between man and nature The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves covers internationally-designated protected...
by UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...
on 7 November 2002, this being the most important recognition at international level regarding the conservation of landscapes and habitats of this Atlantic European region.
Climate
Like most of Galicia Lugo has an humid oceanic climateOceanic climate
An oceanic climate, also called marine west coast climate, maritime climate, Cascadian climate and British climate for Köppen climate classification Cfb and subtropical highland for Köppen Cfb or Cwb, is a type of climate typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of some of the...
, with dryer summers, on the boundary between Csb and Cfb in the Köppen climate classification
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
. Due to its remoteness from the Atlantic, its annual precipitation of 1084 millimetres (42.7 in) can be considered low compared with areas of the Rias Baixas and Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain.The city's Cathedral is the destination today, as it has been throughout history, of the important 9th century medieval pilgrimage route, the Way of St. James...
. The highest temperature recorded in history, 39.6 °C (103.3 °F), occurred in August 1961 and the lowest temperature was −13.2 C in February 1983. The city has an average of six days of snow per year, which is a contrast to coastal cities of Galicia which have not received snow in modern times.
Lugo ('luɤʊ) is a city in northwestern Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, in the autonomous community
Autonomous communities of Spain
An autonomous community In other languages of Spain:*Catalan/Valencian .*Galician .*Basque . The second article of the constitution recognizes the rights of "nationalities and regions" to self-government and declares the "indissoluble unity of the Spanish nation".Political power in Spain is...
of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo
Lugo (province)
Lugo is a province of northwestern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Galicia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ourense, Pontevedra, and A Coruña, the principality of Asturias, the State of León, and in the north by the Cantabrian Sea .The population is 356,595 , of...
. The municipality had a population of 97,635 in 2010, which makes is the fourth most populated city in Galicia.
Population
The population of the city in 2010 was 97,635 inhabitants, growing constantly since the first census in 1842, while the rest of the province is losing population dramatically.In 2010 there were 5,373 foreigners living in the city, representing a 5,5% of the total population. The main nationalities are Colombians
Colombian people
Colombian people are from a multiethnic Spanish speaking nation in South America called Colombia. Colombians are predominantly Roman Catholic and are a mixture of Europeans, Africans, and Amerindians.-Demography:...
(18%), Moroccans (12%) and Brazilians (11%).
By language, according to 2008 data, 16% of the population speak always in Galician
Galician language
Galician is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community located in northwestern Spain, where it is co-official with Castilian Spanish, as well as in border zones of the neighbouring territories of Asturias and Castile and León.Modern Galician and...
, 20% speak always in Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
and the rest use both interchangeably.
Geography
The town lays on a hill surrounded by the rivers MinhoMinho River
The Minho or Miño is the longest river in Galicia, Spain, with an extension of 340 km.Both names come from Latin Minius...
, Rato and Chanca. The difference in altitude between downtown and the river banks is considerable, while in the center of the city's altitude of 465 meters above sea level, at the height of the Miño River Walk is the altitude of only 364 meters. The municipality of Lugo is the second largest in Galicia, with 329.78 km ² and 59 parishes. It should be emphasized that the outline of the city was declared a Biosphere Reserve
World Network of Biosphere Reserves
The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves covers internationally-designated protected areas, known as biosphere reserves, that are meant to demonstrate a balanced relationship between man and nature The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves covers internationally-designated protected...
by UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...
on 7 November 2002, this being the most important recognition at international level regarding the conservation of landscapes and habitats of this Atlantic European region.
Climate
Like most of Galicia Lugo has an humid oceanic climateOceanic climate
An oceanic climate, also called marine west coast climate, maritime climate, Cascadian climate and British climate for Köppen climate classification Cfb and subtropical highland for Köppen Cfb or Cwb, is a type of climate typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of some of the...
, with dryer summers, on the boundary between Csb and Cfb in the Köppen climate classification
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
. Due to its remoteness from the Atlantic, its annual precipitation of 1084 millimetres (42.7 in) can be considered low compared with areas of the Rias Baixas and Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain.The city's Cathedral is the destination today, as it has been throughout history, of the important 9th century medieval pilgrimage route, the Way of St. James...
. The highest temperature recorded in history, 39.6 °C (103.3 °F), occurred in August 1961 and the lowest temperature was −13.2 C in February 1983. The city has an average of six days of snow per year, which is a contrast to coastal cities of Galicia which have not received snow in modern times.
Lugo ('luɤʊ) is a city in northwestern Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, in the autonomous community
Autonomous communities of Spain
An autonomous community In other languages of Spain:*Catalan/Valencian .*Galician .*Basque . The second article of the constitution recognizes the rights of "nationalities and regions" to self-government and declares the "indissoluble unity of the Spanish nation".Political power in Spain is...
of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo
Lugo (province)
Lugo is a province of northwestern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Galicia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ourense, Pontevedra, and A Coruña, the principality of Asturias, the State of León, and in the north by the Cantabrian Sea .The population is 356,595 , of...
. The municipality had a population of 97,635 in 2010, which makes is the fourth most populated city in Galicia.
Population
The population of the city in 2010 was 97,635 inhabitants, growing constantly since the first census in 1842, while the rest of the province is losing population dramatically.In 2010 there were 5,373 foreigners living in the city, representing a 5,5% of the total population. The main nationalities are Colombians
Colombian people
Colombian people are from a multiethnic Spanish speaking nation in South America called Colombia. Colombians are predominantly Roman Catholic and are a mixture of Europeans, Africans, and Amerindians.-Demography:...
(18%), Moroccans (12%) and Brazilians (11%).
By language, according to 2008 data, 16% of the population speak always in Galician
Galician language
Galician is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community located in northwestern Spain, where it is co-official with Castilian Spanish, as well as in border zones of the neighbouring territories of Asturias and Castile and León.Modern Galician and...
, 20% speak always in Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
and the rest use both interchangeably.
Geography
The town lays on a hill surrounded by the rivers MinhoMinho River
The Minho or Miño is the longest river in Galicia, Spain, with an extension of 340 km.Both names come from Latin Minius...
, Rato and Chanca. The difference in altitude between downtown and the river banks is considerable, while in the center of the city's altitude of 465 meters above sea level, at the height of the Miño River Walk is the altitude of only 364 meters. The municipality of Lugo is the second largest in Galicia, with 329.78 km ² and 59 parishes. It should be emphasized that the outline of the city was declared a Biosphere Reserve
World Network of Biosphere Reserves
The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves covers internationally-designated protected areas, known as biosphere reserves, that are meant to demonstrate a balanced relationship between man and nature The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves covers internationally-designated protected...
by UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...
on 7 November 2002, this being the most important recognition at international level regarding the conservation of landscapes and habitats of this Atlantic European region.
Climate
Like most of Galicia Lugo has an humid oceanic climateOceanic climate
An oceanic climate, also called marine west coast climate, maritime climate, Cascadian climate and British climate for Köppen climate classification Cfb and subtropical highland for Köppen Cfb or Cwb, is a type of climate typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of some of the...
, with dryer summers, on the boundary between Csb and Cfb in the Köppen climate classification
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
. Due to its remoteness from the Atlantic, its annual precipitation of 1084 millimetres (42.7 in) can be considered low compared with areas of the Rias Baixas and Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain.The city's Cathedral is the destination today, as it has been throughout history, of the important 9th century medieval pilgrimage route, the Way of St. James...
. The highest temperature recorded in history, 39.6 °C (103.3 °F), occurred in August 1961 and the lowest temperature was −13.2 C in February 1983. The city has an average of six days of snow per year, which is a contrast to coastal cities of Galicia which have not received snow in modern times.
History
The city was probably founded by Celtic inhabitants of the region and dedicated to LugosLugus
Lugus was a deity of the Celtic pantheon. His name is rarely directly attested in inscriptions, but his importance can be inferred from placenames and ethnonyms, and his nature and attributes are deduced from the distinctive iconography of Gallo-Roman inscriptions to Mercury, who is widely believed...
, a pan-Celtic God of light, oaths and arts. Later conquered by Paulus Fabius Maximus and called Lucus Augusti in 13 BC on the positioning of a Roman military camp, while the Roman Empire completed the conquest, in the North, of the Iberian Peninsula
Iberian Peninsula
The Iberian Peninsula , sometimes called Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes the modern-day sovereign states of Spain, Portugal and Andorra, as well as the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar...
. Situated in what was the Roman province
Roman province
In Ancient Rome, a province was the basic, and, until the Tetrarchy , largest territorial and administrative unit of the empire's territorial possessions outside of Italy...
of Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis was one of three Roman provinces in Hispania. It encompassed much of the Mediterranean coast of Spain along with the central plateau. Southern Spain, the region now called Andalusia, was the province of Hispania Baetica...
, it was the chief town of the tribe of the Capori
Capori
The Capori were an ancient Gallaecian Celtic tribe, living in the west of modern Galicia, in the Padrón's county.-External links:*...
. Though small it was the most important Roman town in what became Gallaecia
Gallaecia
Gallaecia or Callaecia, also known as Hispania Gallaecia, was the name of a Roman province and an early Mediaeval kingdom that comprised a territory in the north-west of Hispania...
during the Roman period, the seat of a conventus, one of three in Gallaecia, and later became one of the two capitals of Gallaecia, and gave its name to the Callaïci Lucenses. It was centrally situated in a large gold mining region, which during the Roman period was very active. The Conventus Lucensis, according to Pliny
Pliny the Elder
Gaius Plinius Secundus , better known as Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, and natural philosopher, as well as naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and personal friend of the emperor Vespasian...
, began at the river Navilubio, and contained 16 peoples; besides the Celtici
Celtici
]The Celtici were a Celtic tribe or group of tribes of the Iberian peninsula, inhabiting three definite areas: in what today are the provinces of Alentejo and the Algarve in Portugal; in the Province of Badajoz and north of Province of Huelva in Spain, in the ancient Baeturia; and along the...
and Lebuni. Though these tribes were not powerful, and their names "barbarous" to Roman ears, there were among them 166,000 freemen. The city stood on one of the upper branches of the Minius (modern Minho
Minho River
The Minho or Miño is the longest river in Galicia, Spain, with an extension of 340 km.Both names come from Latin Minius...
), on the road from Bracara to Asturica, and had some famous baths, near from the bridge across the Minho.
Lucus was the seat of a bishopric
Diocese
A diocese is the district or see under the supervision of a bishop. It is divided into parishes.An archdiocese is more significant than a diocese. An archdiocese is presided over by an archbishop whose see may have or had importance due to size or historical significance...
by the later 5th century at the latest and remained an administrative center under the Suebi
Suebi
The Suebi or Suevi were a group of Germanic peoples who were first mentioned by Julius Caesar in connection with Ariovistus' campaign, c...
and Visigoths, before going into such a decline that the site was found to be deserted in the middle of the eighth century by bishop Odoario, who set about reviving it. Tenth century attempts at rebuilding its casas destructas (abandoned tenements) suggest that it remained a town only on paper: the seat of a bishopric, administered by a count, from which royal charters were issued. "Its commercial and industrial role was insignificant", Richard Fletcher wrote of 11th century Lugo.
During the Middle Ages Lugo, like Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain.The city's Cathedral is the destination today, as it has been throughout history, of the important 9th century medieval pilgrimage route, the Way of St. James...
, was a center of pilgrimage, because the cathedral had the special privilege, it still retains today, of exposing to the public the consecrated host twenty-four hours a day. In the eighteenth century Lugo was granted the privilege of organizing the fairs of St. Froilán. During the Modern Age, Lugo had a certain supremacy, although other nearby towns such as Mondoñedo
Mondoñedo
Mondoñedo is a small town and municipality in the Galician province of Lugo, Spain. , the town has a population of 4,508. Mondoñedo occupies a sheltered valley among the northern outliers of the Cantabrian Mountains.-History:...
or Ribadeo
Ribadeo
Ribadeo is a municipality in the Spanish province of Lugo in Galicia. It has a population of 9619 and an area of 106.2 km². It is the capital of the A Mariña Oriental region .- External links:*....
disputed it. It was not until the division of the state into provinces in 1833 and the creation of provincial governments that Lugo has become the most important town from the province of Lugo, because of its capital status. This rise has been bolstered by the arrival of the first railroad to the city in 1875.
During the XX century the city continued to grow as the administration and services center of the province. In 1936, when the Civil War
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil WarAlso known as The Crusade among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War among Carlists, and The Rebellion or Uprising among Republicans. was a major conflict fought in Spain from 17 July 1936 to 1 April 1939...
broke out, the city became quickly under the Nationalists
National Faction (Spanish Civil War)
The National faction also known as Nationalists or Nationals , was a major faction in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939. It was composed of a variety of political groups opposed to the Second Spanish Republic, including the Falange, the CEDA, and two rival monarchist claimants: the Alfonsists...
control. In the 70s the city met important reforms, like the development of the Ceao Industrial Area (1979) and the complete restoration of the roman walls
Roman Walls of Lugo
The Roman Walls of Lugo were constructed in the 3rd Century and are still largely intact today, stretching over 2 kilometers around the historic centre of Lugo in Galicia...
.
Infanta Elena, the elder daughter of King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofía of Spain
Queen Sofía of Spain
Queen Sofía of Spain is the wife of King Juan Carlos I of Spain.-Early life and family:Princess Sophia of Greece and Denmark was born in Psychiko, Athens, Greece on 2 November 1938, the eldest child of the King Paul of Greece and his wife, Queen Frederika , a former princess of Hanover...
and fourth in the line of succession to the Spanish throne, is Duchess of Lugo since 1995.
In 2000, the inscription of the roman walls
Roman Walls of Lugo
The Roman Walls of Lugo were constructed in the 3rd Century and are still largely intact today, stretching over 2 kilometers around the historic centre of Lugo in Galicia...
on UNESCO's
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...
World Heritage Site
World Heritage Site
A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance...
was an important event in the city.
Economy
Lugo is a city of services. The main activities are commercial, the administration (offices of the autonomous and central Governments) and educational and health services (the recently opened Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti is the largest in Galicia). The steady increase of population of the city makes the construction of a major economic sectors of the municipality. The industry is very scarce and almost exclusively dedicated to the processing of agricultural products (dairy, meat, timber ...).There is a big shopping center in the outskirts of the city (As Termas), with a Eroski
Eroski
Eroski is a Spanish supermarket chain with nearly 1,000 outlets spread across Spain .It is run as a worker-consumer hybrid co-operative within the Mondragón Corporation group....
hypermarket, cinemas, clothing stores like H&M
H&M
H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB is a Swedish retail-clothing company, known for its fast-fashion clothing offerings for women, men, teenagers and children....
, NewYorker
NewYorker
NewYorker is an international fashion label based in Braunschweig, Germany. It primarily addresses the target group of 12 to 39-year-olds.In 1971 the first NewYorker store was opened in Flensburg Jean City Center...
or Cortefiel
Cortefiel
Grupo Cortefiel is the second largest apparel retailer in Spain through Cortefiel , Springfield and Women's Secret . The Iberian Peninsula accounts for more than 85% of the revenues of the group...
and many restaurants and fast food chains like McDonald's
McDonald's
McDonald's Corporation is the world's largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants, serving around 64 million customers daily in 119 countries. Headquartered in the United States, the company began in 1940 as a barbecue restaurant operated by the eponymous Richard and Maurice McDonald; in 1948...
. It's also in construction a new shopping center (Abella), which will host a E.Leclerc
E.Leclerc
E.Leclerc is a French hypermarket chain, headquartered in Ivry-sur-Seine. The chain enables semi-independent stores to operate under the Leclerc brand.E.Leclerc was established on 1st January 1948....
hypermarket.
The University of Santiago de Compostela
University of Santiago de Compostela
The Royal University of Santiago de Compostela - USC is a public university located in the city of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain. A second campus is located in Lugo, Galicia....
has several faculties in Lugo Campus, emphasizing the Faculty of Veterinary, one of the leading in its field in Spain.
Daily newspaper El Progreso, is published in the city. It's the most read newspaper in the province of Lugo.
There is private aerodrome
Aerodrome
An aerodrome, airdrome or airfield is a term for any location from which aircraft flight operations take place, regardless of whether they involve cargo, passengers or neither...
in the nearby town of Rozas, owned by the Spanish Ministry of Defence
Ministry of Defence (Spain)
The Ministry of Defence is the Spanish government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and is the headquarters of the Spanish Armed Forces.- Functions :...
and administered by Real Aero Club de Lugo. In 2011, the Ministry of Defence transferred the installations to INTA
Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial
The Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial is Spain's space agency. It was founded in 1942, as the Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeronáutica , and has its headquarters in Torrejón de Ardoz, near Madrid....
, the Spain's space agency, in order to convert it in a center of aeronautical research,
Main sights
Lugo is the only city in the world to be surrounded by completely intact Roman wallsRoman Walls of Lugo
The Roman Walls of Lugo were constructed in the 3rd Century and are still largely intact today, stretching over 2 kilometers around the historic centre of Lugo in Galicia...
, which reach a height of 10 to 15 metres along a 2117 m circuit ringed with 71 towers. The walk along the top is continuous round the circuit, and features ten gates. These 3rd century walls are protected by UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...
as a World Heritage Site
World Heritage Site
A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance...
. The bridge over the Minho is essentially of Roman date, though many repairs over the centuries have effaced its Roman character.
Other sources suggest that the name Lucus Augusti comes from the Latin word Lucus, which means "sacred grove", or "sacred forest", as the city was founded on the place of a small grove.
Besides the walls, sights include:
- the CathedralLugo Cathedral250px|thumb|View with the bell tower and the Gothic-style rear, featuring [[buttress]]es.250px|thumb|Rear view.Saint Mary's Cathedral , better known as Lugo Cathedral, is a Roman Catholic cathedral and basilica in Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain, built starting from the early 12th century...
, dedicated to St. Mary, built about 1129, though the actual main facade and towers date only from 1769. Its elegant stalls were carved by Francisco Mouro in 1624. This cathedral enjoys the privilege of having the Blessed Sacrament perpetually exposed, a fact commemorated in the armorial bearings of the town. - Convent and church of St. Francis, in Gothic style, with remains of the sober cloister. It currently houses the Museo Provincial, which shows a display of Galician art and other building of the 18th century
- Church of St. Dominic
- City Hall (Casa do Concello in Galician), a large Baroque structure with a mid-18th century façade. Annexed is a clock tower, originally from the 16th century, but rebuilt later.
- Palace of the arts (Círculo das Artes)
- The Roman Bridge over river MinhoMinho RiverThe Minho or Miño is the longest river in Galicia, Spain, with an extension of 340 km.Both names come from Latin Minius...
. - Rosalía de Castro Park, a 23 ha park in the city center. It has a small pond in the middle and contains many species of trees, like three sequoiaSequoiaSequoia sempervirens is the sole living species of the genus Sequoia in the cypress family Cupressaceae . Common names include coast redwood, California redwood, and giant redwood. It is an evergreen, long-lived, monoecious tree living 12001800 years or more...
s.
Two important festivals take place in Lugo:
- Saint Froilan festivity, which lasts from 4-12 october, dedicated to the city's patron saint. It's a Fiesta of National Tourist InterestFiestas of National Tourist Interest of SpainThe category of Fiesta of National Tourist Interest in Spain is an honorary designation given to festivals or events held in Spain and that offer real interest from the tourism perspective.- January :- February :- March :- April :- May :...
and it's very popular to eat polbo á feiraPolbo á feiraPolbo á feira alternatively known as polbo estilo feira and pulpo á galega is a traditional Galician dish....
in one of the many stands near Rosalía de Castro park. - Arde LucusArde lucusArde Lucus is a festival celebrated in Lugo in the last weeks of June which revives the Roman and castro past of the city, and which emerged to commemorate the declaration of the city's Roman wall as a World Heritage Site in 2000...
, festival celebrated in the last weeks of June which revives the RomanAncient RomeAncient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
and castroCastro cultureCastro culture is the archaeological term for naming the Celtic archaeological culture of the northwestern regions of the Iberian Peninsula from the end of the Bronze Age until it was subsumed in local Roman culture...
past of the city, and which emerged to commemorate the declaration of the city's Roman wall as a World Heritage SiteWorld Heritage SiteA UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance...
in 2000. In its latest editions it has reached nearly half a million visitors.
Sports
The most popular and known proffesional team of the city is CB BreogánCB Breogan
Club Baloncesto Breogán, S.A.D. is a professional Basketball team based in Lugo, Galicia. The team currently plays in league LEB.-Roster:-Trophies:*2nd division championships: ** 2ª División: 1975** 1ª División B: 1984, 1988...
, currently playing in LEB
Liga Española de Baloncesto
Liga Española de Baloncesto is the second league of the Spanish basketball league system behind the ACB. It is run by the FEB. The Liga Española de Baloncesto is divided into two categories and they are sponsored by Adecco. The names of the two leagues are Adecco Oro and Adecco Plata.The LEB league...
league, the second division in Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, although it has played many seasons in Liga ACB the top Spanish basketball league. The team occupies the 9th position in the historical ranking of that league.
Futsal
Futsal
Futsal is a variant of association football that is played on a smaller pitch and mainly played indoors. Its name is a portmanteau of the Portuguese futebol de salão and the Spanish fútbol de salón , which can be translated as "hall football" or "indoor football"...
is also popular in Lugo, represented by Azkar Lugo, which plays in Spanish first division.
The football team of Lugo is CD Lugo
CD Lugo
Club Deportivo Lugo is a Spanish football team based in Lugo, in the autonomous community of Galicia. Founded in 1953, it currently plays in Segunda División B - Group 1.-Season to season:----*1 seasons in Segunda División...
, currently playing in Spanish Segunda División B
Segunda División B
Segunda División B is the third level of the Spanish football league system. It is administered by the RFEF. The top two levels are La Liga, also referred to as the Primera División, and the Segunda División. Immediately below Segunda División B is the Tercera Division...
.
Twin towns
Ferrol, GaliciaGalicia
-Geographic regions:* Galicia , an autonomous community in northwestern Spain** Gallaecia, a province of the Roman Empire** Kingdom of Galicia, a medieval kingdom**Nueva Galicia :*** Nueva Galicia, a region of New Spain, now in Mexico...
Dinan
Dinan
Dinan is a walled Breton town and a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department in northwestern France.-Geography:Its geographical setting is exceptional. Instead of nestling on the valley floor like Morlaix, most urban development has been on the hillside, overlooking the river Rance...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
Viana do Castelo, Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
Qinhuangdao
Qinhuangdao
Qinhuangdao is a port city in northeastern Hebei province of North China. It is about 300 km east of Beijing, on the Bohai Sea, the innermost gulf of the Yellow Sea....
, People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
Sources and references
- Pictures and information about the city
- Photos of Lugo
- Richard Stillwell, ed. Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, 1976: Lucus Augusti (Lugo), Lugo, Spain"
External links
