Lutvann
Encyclopedia
Lutvann is a lake
Lake
A lake is a body of relatively still fresh or salt water of considerable size, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land. Lakes are inland and not part of the ocean and therefore are distinct from lagoons, and are larger and deeper than ponds. Lakes can be contrasted with rivers or streams,...

 in the recreational area Østmarka
Østmarka
Østmarka is a forested area to the east of Oslo and part of the congregation of woodland areas known as Oslomarka. The area is situated within the municipalities Oslo, Lørenskog, Rælingen, Ski and Enebakk...

 in Oslo
Oslo
Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...

, Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...

. It covers an area of 0.39 km², at 205 m elevation.

Located just outiside the capital city, it is a popular site for recreation, including swimming and fishing during summer, with brook trout
Brook trout
The brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, is a species of fish in the salmon family of order Salmoniformes. In many parts of its range, it is known as the speckled trout or squaretail. A potamodromous population in Lake Superior are known as coaster trout or, simply, as coasters...

 in the lake. In the winter there are ski trails along and on the lake. The lake is also used by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints for baptism
Baptism
In Christianity, baptism is for the majority the rite of admission , almost invariably with the use of water, into the Christian Church generally and also membership of a particular church tradition...

. In 2001 activists from the Youth of the Progress Party
Youth of the Progress Party (Norway)
The Progress Party’s Youth , is the youth wing of the Norwegian political party the Progress Party. It is generally more libertarian than the Progress Party itself, both with regards to economics and politics in general...

 were charged for cutting down a tree in the preserved area in order to protest the fact that building in the area is prohibited.

Romeriksporten

As part of the construction of the Romerike Railway Tunnel during 1994–1999, there was a leak in the tunnel that caused up to 1,000 liters per minute to leak into the tunnel from lake above. Though the leakages had started in 1995, it was not until after they were discovered on February 3, 1997 sanctions were initiated by the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate
Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate
The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate is a Norwegian government agency established in 1921. It is under the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy and regulates the country's water resources and energy supply. Its mandate includes contingency planning for floods, serving as a centre of...

 requiring leakage removals in the tunnel.

To solve the problem, the chemical Rhoca-Gil
Rhoca-Gil
Rhoca-Gil is a type of industrial sealant produced by Rhône-Poulenc, used in the construction of tunnels to block the passage of groundwater into the tunnel...

 was used to try to remove the leaks, but due to inappropriate techniques used during the utilization, the compound did not correctly polymerize
Polymer
A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating structural units. These subunits are typically connected by covalent chemical bonds...

, and instead started polluting the area in and around Lutvann with acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula C3H5NO. Its IUPAC name is prop-2-enamide. It is a white odourless crystalline solid, soluble in water, ethanol, ether, and chloroform. Acrylamide is incompatible with acids, bases, oxidizing agents, iron, and iron salts...

 and methylolacrylamide. At the same time, since the compound did not settle it did not either tighten the cracks in the bedrock, and so the leakages did not stop. It took more than one year to fix the leaks, costing about NOK
Norwegian krone
The krone is the currency of Norway and its dependent territories. The plural form is kroner . It is subdivided into 100 øre. The ISO 4217 code is NOK, although the common local abbreviation is kr. The name translates into English as "crown"...

 500 million. To not completely drain the lake for water about 200 liters per minute of water was pumped into Lutvann from other lakes. Lutvann was not as seriously effected by the drainage of Nordre Puttjern
Nordre Puttjern
Nordre Puttjern is a lake in Østmarka in Oslo, Norway.The lake was almost entirely dried up in 1997 due to a leak during the construction of the railway tunnel Romeriksporten....

. During the entire process lasting about a year the two lakes leaked about two million liters of water through the tunnel.
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