Mahabad
Encyclopedia
Culture
Muhammad Qazi translated more than 70 important literary works into Persian. Other writers and poets have hailed from Mahabad in the 19th and 20th century including WafaeiWafaei
Wafaei or Wefayî, , was a Kurdish poet. His real name was Abdorrahim. He was born in Mahabad in present-day north-western Iran. He finished religious studies in Mahabad and became a cleric, and a teacher in the local school. He moved to Sulaimaniya in 1900 and stayed there for a while. He travelled...
(1844-1902), Hejar
Hejar
Abdurrahman Sharafkandi or Hazhar or Hajar, , was a renowned Kurdish writer, poet, linguist, and translator, from Iran.He was also the brother of the late Kurdish politician Dr. Sadeq Sharafkandi . Dr...
(Abdurrahman Sharfkandi) (1920-1990), Hêmin
Hemin
Hemin is an iron-containing porphyrin. More specifically, it is Protoporphyrin IX containing a ferric iron ion with a chloride ligand....
(Sayyed Moháammad Amini Shaykho-al-Eslam Mokri) (1920-1986), Abdorrahamn Zabihi (1920-1980) and Giw Mukriyani. The first Kurdish-Kurdish-Persian Dictionary in Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
was written by Hejar
Hejar
Abdurrahman Sharafkandi or Hazhar or Hajar, , was a renowned Kurdish writer, poet, linguist, and translator, from Iran.He was also the brother of the late Kurdish politician Dr. Sadeq Sharafkandi . Dr...
. Kurdistan's national poet was the title given to Hejar
Hejar
Abdurrahman Sharafkandi or Hazhar or Hajar, , was a renowned Kurdish writer, poet, linguist, and translator, from Iran.He was also the brother of the late Kurdish politician Dr. Sadeq Sharafkandi . Dr...
(along with Hêmin
Hemin
Hemin is an iron-containing porphyrin. More specifically, it is Protoporphyrin IX containing a ferric iron ion with a chloride ligand....
) during the short lived reign of the Republic of Mahabad
Republic of Mahabad
The Republic of Mahabad , officially known as Republic of Kurdistan and established in Iranian Kurdistan, was a short-lived, Kurdish government that sought Kurdish autonomy within the limits of the Iranian state. The capital was the city of Mahabad in northwestern Iran...
in recognition of his poetry's service to the causehttp://members.chello.se/yamulki/frame/eng/culture.html.
After the fall of the Pahlavi
Pahlavi dynasty
The Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi (reg. 1925–1941) and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Pahlavi dynasty ...
monarchy in Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
in 1979, "Hêmin" set up the Salaha-al-Din Ayyubi Kurdish
Kurdish people
The Kurdish people, or Kurds , are an Iranian people native to the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey...
publishing house in Urmia
Urmia
- Demographics :According to official census of 2006, the population of Urmia is about 871,204.- Language :The population of Urmia is mainly Azerbaijani people, with Kurdish, Assyrian Christian, and Armenian minorities...
, which published Sirwe (from spring 1985), a quarterly cultural magazine that Hêmin ran until his death in 1986.
Present-day Mahabad and human rights
During the 1979 Islamic RevolutionIranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution refers to events involving the overthrow of Iran's monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and its replacement with an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the...
people who did not support the revolution clashed with its backers in Mahabad on the 3rd of September. Other cities in the region were also involved in heavy clashes in the political turmoil of the revolution. Many Mahabadis saw the opportunity to advance their political positions with the fall of Shah's government.
The most recent unrest in the town of Mahabad began in early July 2005, following the shooting of Shivan Qaderi
Shivan Qaderi
Shivan Qaderi Shivan Qaderi Shivan Qaderi (a.k.a Sayed Kamal Astam, Sayed Kamal Astom, Shwane Qadri, or Sayed Kamal Asfaram, in Kurdish:(Şivan Qaderî) was an Iranian Kurd who with two other men were shot by Iranian security forces in Mahabad, on July 9, 2005...
. Shivan Qaderi also known as Sayed Kamal Astam, was the leader of a Kurdish youth movement in Iranian Kurdistan
Iranian Kurdistan
Iranian Kurdistan is an unofficial name for the parts of Iran inhabited by Kurds and has borders with Iraq and Turkey. It includes Kurdistan Province, Kermanshah Province, Ilam Province and parts of West Azerbaijan province....
who organized mass protests in the region against the Iranian government. Security forces ordered the arrest of Qaderi along with two other Kurdish men. Qaderi was shot and killed by security forces and his body was mutilated. Photos of Qaderi's body began appearing across the Internet and several thousands of residents in Mahabad, and later in other cities in Iranian Kurdistan, began massive protests in the streets.