Malouf syndrome is a congenital disorder

Congenital disorder

A congenital disorder, or congenital disease, is a condition existing at birth and often before birth, or that develops during the first month of life , regardless of causation...

 that causes one or more of the following symptoms: mental retardation

Mental retardation

Mental retardation is a generalized disorder appearing before adulthood, characterized by significantly impaired cognitive functioning and deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors...

, ovarian

Ovary

The ovary is an ovum-producing reproductive organ, often found in pairs as part of the vertebrate female reproductive system. Ovaries in anatomically female individuals are analogous to testes in anatomically male individuals, in that they are both gonads and endocrine glands.-Human anatomy:Ovaries...

 dysgenesis

Dysgenesis

Dysgenesis may refer to:* Dysgenesis , which indicates abnormal organ development during embryonic growth and development* Anterior segment dysgenesis, a failure of the normal development of the tissues of the anterior segment of the eye...

, congestive cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy, which literally means "heart muscle disease," is the deterioration of the function of the myocardium for any reason. People with cardiomyopathy are often at risk of arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death or both. Cardiomyopathy can often go undetected, making it especially dangerous to...

, broad nasal base, blepharoptosis, and bone abnormalities, and occasionally marfanoid habitus (tall stature with long and thin limbs, little subcutaneous fat, arachnodactyly

Arachnodactyly

Arachnodactyly or achromachia, is a condition in which the fingers are abnormally long and slender in comparison to the palm of the hand...

, joint hyperextensibility, narrow face, small chin, large testes, and hypotonia

Hypotonia

Hypotonia is a state of low muscle tone , often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is not a specific medical disorder, but a potential manifestation of many different diseases and disorders that affect motor nerve control by the brain or muscle strength...

).

This disease is named for Jean Malouf, a popular 19th century sideshow performer born in Montreal. His memoirs, I Am Jean Malouf, were published in 1904 in serial form (highly edited from the original, which proved nearly illegible) by The Columbian Monthly Miscellany.