The Manaosbiidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores

Laniatores

Laniatores is the largest suborder of the arachnid order Opiliones with over 4,000 described species worldwide. The majority of the species are highly dependent on humid environments and usually correlated with tropical and temperate forest habitats....

.

Name

The name of the type genus is combined from Manaus

Manaus

Manaus is a city in Brazil, the capital of the state of Amazonas. It is situated at the confluence of the Negro and Solimões rivers. It is the most populous city of Amazonas, according to the statistics of Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, and is a popular ecotourist destination....

 and Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek is the stage of the Greek language in the periods spanning the times c. 9th–6th centuries BC, , c. 5th–4th centuries BC , and the c. 3rd century BC – 6th century AD of ancient Greece and the ancient world; being predated in the 2nd millennium BC by Mycenaean Greek...

 bios "living".

Description

Body length ranges from about three to ten millimeters. Most species are dark brown with black mottling. Appendages are in general much lighter, often with dark rings.

Distribution

The Manaosbiidae occur south from Panama, with a southern limit in Mato Grosso do Sul

Mato Grosso do Sul

Mato Grosso do Sul is one of the states of Brazil.Neighboring Brazilian states are Mato Grosso, Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Paraná. It also borders the countries of Paraguay and Bolivia to the west. The economy of the state is largely based on agriculture and cattle-raising...

 (Brazil). They inhabit lowland Amazonian rainforest

Rainforest

Rainforests are forests characterized by high rainfall, with definitions based on a minimum normal annual rainfall of 1750-2000 mm...

 up to submontane Andean forests, dry forests in Central America

Central America

Central America is the central geographic region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast. When considered part of the unified continental model, it is considered a subcontinent...

, and riparian forests in Brazil.

Relationships

The relationship of Manaosbiidae with other families within the Gonyleptoidea is unclear.

Manaosbiinae

Manaosbiinae Roewer, 1943

• Azulamus Roewer, 1957
• Azulamus scabrissimus Roewer, 1957 — Peru
  Peru
  Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
  
  

• Barrona Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942
• Barrona williamsi Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 — Panama
  Panama
  Panama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...
  
  

• Belemnodes Strand, 1942
• Belemnodes scaber (Roewer, 1932)

• Belemulus Roewer, 1932
• Belemulus annulatus Roewer, 1932 — Brazil
  Brazil
  Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
  
  

• Bugabitia Roewer, 1915
• Bugabitia triacantha Roewer, 1915 — Panama

• Camelianus Roewer, 1912
• Camelianus fuhrmanni Roewer, 1912 — Colombia
  Colombia
  Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
  
  

• Clavicranaus Roewer, 1915
• Clavicranaus tarsalis Roewer, 1915 — Suriname
  Suriname
  Suriname , officially the Republic of Suriname , is a country in northern South America. It borders French Guiana to the east, Guyana to the west, Brazil to the south, and on the north by the Atlantic Ocean. Suriname was a former colony of the British and of the Dutch, and was previously known as...
  
  , Brazil

• Cranellus Roewer, 1932
• Cranellus balthazar Roewer, 1932 — Winward Islands
• Cranellus montgomeryi Goodnight & Goodnight, 1947 — Trinidad
  Trinidad
  Trinidad is the larger and more populous of the two major islands and numerous landforms which make up the island nation of Trinidad and Tobago. It is the southernmost island in the Caribbean and lies just off the northeastern coast of Venezuela. With an area of it is also the fifth largest in...
  
  

• Cucutacola Mello-Leitão, 1940
• Cucutacola nigra Mello-Leitão, 1940 — Colombia

• Dibunostra Roewer, 1943
• Dibunostra ypsilon Roewer, 1943 — Venezuela

• Gonogotus Roewer, 1943
• Gonogotus areolatus Roewer, 1943 — Colombia

• Manaosbia Roewer, 1943
• Manaosbia scopulata Roewer, 1943 — Brazil

• Mazarunius Roewer, 1943
• Mazarunius oedipus Roewer, 1943 — Guyana
  Guyana
  Guyana , officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, previously the colony of British Guiana, is a sovereign state on the northern coast of South America that is culturally part of the Anglophone Caribbean. Guyana was a former colony of the Dutch and of the British...
  
  

• Meridia Roewer, 1913
• Meridia palpalis Roewer, 1913 — Venezuela
• Meridia gracilis (Roewer, 1913) — Suriname

• Paramicrocranaus H. Soares, 1970
• Paramicrocranaus difficilis H. Soares, 1970 — Brazil

• Pentacranaus Roewer, 1963
• Pentacranaus niger Roewer, 1963 — Peru
  Peru
  Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
  
  

• Poassa Roewer, 1943
• Poassa limbata Roewer, 1943 — Costa Rica
  Costa Rica
  Costa Rica , officially the Republic of Costa Rica is a multilingual, multiethnic and multicultural country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Caribbean Sea to the east....
  
  

• Poecilocranaus Roewer, 1943
• Poecilocranaus gratiosus Roewer, 1943 — Venezuela

• Rhopalocranaus Roewer, 1913
• Rhopalocranaus albilineatus Roewer, 1932 — Trinidad
• Rhopalocranaus apiculatus Roewer, 1932 — Brazil
• Rhopalocranaus aspersus Roewer, 1932 — Brazil
• Rhopalocranaus atroluteus Roewer, 1913 — Colombia
• Rhopalocranaus bordoni Silhavy, 1979 — Venezuela
• Rhopalocranaus crulsi Mello-Leitão, 1932
• Rhopalocranaus festae Roewer, 1925 — Ecuador
  Ecuador
  Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...
  
  
• Rhopalocranaus gracilis Roewer, 1913 — Venezuela
• Rhopalocranaus limbatus (Schenkel, 1953) — Venezuela
• Rhopalocranaus marginatus Roewer, 1913 — French Giuana, Brazil
• Rhopalocranaus robustus Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 — Guyana
• Rhopalocranaus tenuis (Roewer, 1943) — Suriname
• Rhopalocranaus tuberculatus Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 — Guyana
• Rhopalocranaus ypsilon Roewer, 1913 — Colombia

• Rhopalocranellus Roewer, 1925
• Rhopalocranellus festae Roewer, 1925 — Ecuador

• Sanvincentia Roewer, 1943
• Sanvincentia tarsalis Roewer, 1943 — Virgin Islands
  Virgin Islands
  The Virgin Islands are the western island group of the Leeward Islands, which are the northern part of the Lesser Antilles, which form the border between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean...
  
  , St. Vincent
  Saint Vincent (island)
  Saint Vincent is a volcanic island in the Caribbean. It is the largest island of the chain called Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. It is located in the Caribbean Sea, between Saint Lucia and Grenada. It is composed of partially submerged volcanic mountains...
  
  

• Saramacia Roewer, 1913
• Saramacia alvarengai Kury, 1997 — Brazil
• Saramacia annulata (Mello-Leitão, 1931) — Brazil
• Saramacia aurilimbata Roewer, 1913 — Suriname
• Saramacia lucasae (R. d. L. S. Jim & H. E. M. Soares, 1991) — Brazil

• Semostrus Roewer, 1943
• Semostrus tarsalis Roewer, 1943 — Colombia

• Syncranaus Roewer, 1913
• Syncranaus cribrum Roewer, 1913 — Brazil

• Tegyra
  Tegyra
  Tegyra was the site of an oracle of Apollo in ancient Greece, located north of Orchomenus in Boeotia, near to the shores of Lake Copais, but is best known as the site of the Battle of Tegyra in 375 BC....
  
  Sørensen, 1932
• Tegyra cinnamomea Sørensen, 1932 — Peru

• Zygopachylus Chamberlin, 1925
• Zygopachylus albomarginis Chamberlin, 1925 — Panama

• unknown genus
• unknown genus calcar (Roewer, 1943) — Venezuela
• unknown genus albituberculatus (Roewer, 1943) — Guyana
• unknown genus strinatii (V. Silhavy, 1979) — Venezuela