Mando (music)
Encyclopedia
Mando or Manddo is a musical form that evolved during the 19th and 20th century among Goan Catholics
of Goa
, India
. It represents the meeting point of Indian and western musical traditions. The music has elements of both Indian and western culture. The males wear formal coats, showing Portuguese influence, while females wear a unique Indian costume (bazu torop or pano baju). The ceremonial torhop-baz worn during the mando dance was of velvet or silk, red, blue or green in colour, embroidered with gold (rarely with silver) threads. A white or blue shawl was worn. The socks had to be white and the slippers ornamented. This was all graced with a fan, which enhanced the lady's mood with a secret charm during the dance. The plural of manddo in Konkani
is mande.The major theme of mandos is love, the minor ones being historical narratives, grievance against exploitation and social injustice, and political resistance during the Portuguese presence in Goa.
The accent in Konkani is almost always on the last syllable. The dialect used in the classical mandos is the Bambonn Saxtti of Salcete, particularly as spoken in the villages of Benaulim
, Curtorim
, Loutolim
and Raia, where most of them originated. It is the most musical of the Konkani dialects with its consistent use of elisions. One of the characteristics of this dialect is that words are stretched out in pronunciation with the addition of an extra vowel sound either in the middle of the words or at the end epenthesis
. Thus the word dista is lengthened to disota and sanddlear into sanddilear. The suffixes –i and –o are commonly used to add an extra syllable to a line. Thus larar becomes larari and neketr becomes neketro. The full sound -o- is softened in this dialect. Thus roddonk becomes roddunk, mozo becomes muzo. The possessive pronouns in the mando have the Salcete form, as tugel´lem for tujem, mugel´lem for mujem or mojem. Shorter forms are derived when the music needs to cut off a syllable, e.g. tuj´ kodden (koddem) instead of tuje koddem and mak´ naka instead of maka naka. Not only the phonetics correspond to the Salcete dialect but also words like masoli (masli) for “fish” instead of nishtem, e.g. “Dongrari fulo nam, doriant masli pun nam”. The Brahmins address a girl or a woman with “rê” instead of “gô” and use the pronoun “ti” instead of “tem”.
The mando is mostly a monologue, in the first person singular or plural, except for the historical narratives. In some mandos, however, one person addresses another, who in turn replies. Singing is accompanied by gentle turning sideways to the rhythm, thus creating both a visual and auditory performance.
Some other mandos are:
Goan Catholics
The Goan Catholics are an ethno-religious community of Roman Catholics and their descendants from the state of Goa, located on the west coast of India. They are Konkani people and speak the Konkani language...
of Goa
Goa
Goa , a former Portuguese colony, is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population. Located in South West India in the region known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the state of Maharashtra to the north, and by Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its...
, India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. It represents the meeting point of Indian and western musical traditions. The music has elements of both Indian and western culture. The males wear formal coats, showing Portuguese influence, while females wear a unique Indian costume (bazu torop or pano baju). The ceremonial torhop-baz worn during the mando dance was of velvet or silk, red, blue or green in colour, embroidered with gold (rarely with silver) threads. A white or blue shawl was worn. The socks had to be white and the slippers ornamented. This was all graced with a fan, which enhanced the lady's mood with a secret charm during the dance. The plural of manddo in Konkani
Konkani language
KonkaniKonkani is a name given to a group of several cognate dialects spoken along the narrow strip of land called Konkan, on the west coast of India. This is, however, somewhat an over-generalisation. Geographically, Konkan is defined roughly as the area between the river Damanganga to the north...
is mande.The major theme of mandos is love, the minor ones being historical narratives, grievance against exploitation and social injustice, and political resistance during the Portuguese presence in Goa.
The accent in Konkani is almost always on the last syllable. The dialect used in the classical mandos is the Bambonn Saxtti of Salcete, particularly as spoken in the villages of Benaulim
Benaulim
Benaulim also known as Banavali , is a census town in South Goa district in the state of Goa, India. It is a beach town a little south of Margao in Goa, India....
, Curtorim
Curtorim
Curtorim is a town in the Salcette taluka of South Goa district in the state of Goa, India. It is located on the west coast of India.-Geography:Curtorim is located at . It has an average elevation of 38 metres .-History:...
, Loutolim
Loutolim
Loutolim or Loutulim is a small town in Salcette taluka of South Goa district in the state of Goa, India.-Geography:Loutolim is located at . It has an average elevation of 32 metres .- History :...
and Raia, where most of them originated. It is the most musical of the Konkani dialects with its consistent use of elisions. One of the characteristics of this dialect is that words are stretched out in pronunciation with the addition of an extra vowel sound either in the middle of the words or at the end epenthesis
Epenthesis
In phonology, epenthesis is the addition of one or more sounds to a word, especially to the interior of a word. Epenthesis may be divided into two types: excrescence, for the addition of a consonant, and anaptyxis for the addition of a vowel....
. Thus the word dista is lengthened to disota and sanddlear into sanddilear. The suffixes –i and –o are commonly used to add an extra syllable to a line. Thus larar becomes larari and neketr becomes neketro. The full sound -o- is softened in this dialect. Thus roddonk becomes roddunk, mozo becomes muzo. The possessive pronouns in the mando have the Salcete form, as tugel´lem for tujem, mugel´lem for mujem or mojem. Shorter forms are derived when the music needs to cut off a syllable, e.g. tuj´ kodden (koddem) instead of tuje koddem and mak´ naka instead of maka naka. Not only the phonetics correspond to the Salcete dialect but also words like masoli (masli) for “fish” instead of nishtem, e.g. “Dongrari fulo nam, doriant masli pun nam”. The Brahmins address a girl or a woman with “rê” instead of “gô” and use the pronoun “ti” instead of “tem”.
The mando is mostly a monologue, in the first person singular or plural, except for the historical narratives. In some mandos, however, one person addresses another, who in turn replies. Singing is accompanied by gentle turning sideways to the rhythm, thus creating both a visual and auditory performance.
| Adeus Korchu Vellu Paulu (The Farewell Hour is here) | |
|---|---|
| Konkani lyrics | Translation |
| First stanza | |
Adeus korchu vellu paulo. Ai mhojem kalliz rê fapsota. |
The time of farewell is now here. Oh! my heart begins to fear. |
| Repeat | |
Dispediru korchea vellar, Ho sonvsar naka-so disota. |
At this moment of saying farewell, In this world I no longer wish to dwell. |
| Repeat | |
| Refrain | |
| Second stanza | |
Vochu voch rê roddum-naka, Devu feliz kortolo tuka. |
Godspeed, Godspeed, do not weep, The Lord thy happiness will keep. |
| Repeat verse | |
| Third Stanza | |
Sogleam amkamgo sanddunum, Vetai tum dispott'tto zoddunk. |
Leaving all your friends this way, To earn your daily bread you go away. |
| Repeat | |
Tuj' felicidad' choicheako, Otrekanim rabtam mu rê hanvum. |
To witness your joyful cheer, I'm anxiouslywaiting here. |
| Repeat | |
| Repeat Refrain | |
| Fourth Stanza | |
Forsan adeus kortam tuka. Fugar zaun dukham rê golloitam. |
Reluctantantly farewell to you I'm bidding, As choked, I am bitterly weeping. |
| Repeat | |
Zaitem martir hanv bhogitam, Ankvarponn tukach rê bhettoitam. |
I'am suffering much tortured feeling, So my virgin nature to you I'm offering |
| Repeat | |
| Repeat Refrain | |
| Source: Mando taken from the Greatest Konkani Song Hits Vol. 1 (2009) | |
| Tambdde Roza (Tuje Pole) (Rosy Pink Art Thy Cheeks) | |
|---|---|
| Konkani lyrics | Translation |
| First stanza | |
Tambdde roza tuje pole. Dhukhanim bhorleat mhoje dolle. Papachem licens asa zalear polle, Kazar zanvcheak mhoje kodde. |
Your cheeks are like roses red. Whilist from my eyes tears bled. Check the approval of your dad, For me, with you, to be wed. |
| Second stanza | |
Papachem licens asa rê mhaka. Kazar(u) zanvcheak rautam tuka. Tum tor kazar zaina zalear moga, Mhoji bhirmott futt'ttoli tuka. |
I have my father's approval, I do. And so to wed, I wait for you. If you do not marry me, my love true, My curse will surely come upon you. |
| Third stanza | |
Soglle chole ekttaim zanv, Adorar(u) kori mhaka. Zanvcheak sasnak potin tuji, Ballgun dhovorlol' mhaka. |
All the boys used to gather round, As me so desireble they found. I wanted forever to be your mate, But you left me so utterly desolate. |
| Third stanza | |
Papan kazar keli mhaka. Sukachi dukant vhorun ghatli. Mhotte aulist bab(u) ievn hanga, Perturbar(u) mhaka keli. |
My father did get me wed. And from joy, did made, me sad. Still came, the young men refined, And disturbed my peace of mind. |
| Source: Mando by Ligório Costa (1851–1919) taken from the Greatest Konkani Song Hits Vol. 1 (2009) | |
Some other mandos are:
- Bara Tera Orsam Zalim
- Dove Rozericho Collo
- Gupit Môg Burgeaponancho
- Sangato Moga Tuzo