Maniyan kootam
Encyclopedia
Maniyan kootam is a clan of the Kongu Vellalar
s (கொங்கு வேளாளர்), farmer caste of Tamilnadu in South India. In a clan every relation is a brother or sister, marriage within clan is not desired. In the Kongu Vellalar there are initially 60 clans, now expanded to 148 clans. Each clan has marriage relationship with the other clans.
The Maniyan kootam people are found in the Mohanur
(South Namakkal district), Kodumudi
(West Karur district), Muthur
(East Tirupur district). There are 3 branches of Maniyans are there:
1. Antuvan; 2. Adi; 3. Antai; 4. Adar; 5. Avan; 6. Injcan; 7. Otalan; 8. kannan; 9. Kanavalan; 10. kadai; 11. Kari; 12. kiran; 13. Kuyilan; 14. Kulaiayan; 15. Kunukkan; 16. Kodai; 17. Kuran; 18. Koventan; 19. Cattantai; 20. Cellan; 21. Cemban; 22. Cenkgkannan; 23. Cemputan; 24. Ceziyan; 25. Cengkunniyan; 26. Cevvayan; 27. Cheran; 28. Cedan; 29. Dhanajayan; 30. Devendran; 31. Thodan; 32. Nidunniyan; 33. Pannan; 34. Pavalan; 35. Panaiyan; 36. Paduman; 37. Payiran; 38. Panangkadan; 39. Badariyar; 40. Pandyan; 41. Pullan; 42. Pucan; 43. Putan; 44. Puccandai; 45. Perungkudi; 46. Periyacavam; 47. Porulantai; 48. Ponnan; 49. Maniyan; 50. Mayilan; 51. Madan; 52. Muttan; 53. Vannakkan; 54. Valayan; 55. Vanan; 56. Villiyan; 57. Viziyan; 58. Ventuzavan; 59. Vellamban; 60. Velaiyan
s are very studious people, who migrated from the lush, fertile Cauvery delta in Tanjore and Trichy to the wild forests upriver Cauvery. The Chola kingdom which flourished in the 9th century till 13th century, need to expand its land of cultivation and being wealthy to undertake such endeavors.
region, and they are called Kongu Vellalars ("Farmers of Kongu"). These migration is not a one time affair, it happened slowly over 1000 years. Thus people migrate from heart of delta to the borders of delta. The place called Madhukarai (Near Mayanur, Trichi) forms the border between fertile lands and forests.
The Princes and Dukes of Chola kingdom called Kongu Cholas enhance the expansion into the forest country. They King approves and grants permission to expand further. The Annamaar/ Annamar or Ponnar - Sankar story reflects the one of the encounters with the hunter people, who is against the farming people who came there to settle. In the Annamar story, which occurred in Valanadu, Manaparai near Trichy is struggle of the farming people against hunter people and balance act to live harmoniously.
, Namakkal district is a place near Madhukarai, people got multiplied from a family to a clan/koottam named probably after original ancestor of the clan MANIYAN. They worship Chellandi Amman and Navaladi Karuppusamy (Pattamarathan). Karuppusamy is continuation of the VeeraKal (Warrior Stones), of the Sangam age in the memory of the martyrs of the war. Karuppusamy usually wield Aruval (Curved Machete), he is seated under Jambul
tree (Tamil: நாவல்). The gods of the Vellalars are a Goddess and protection God (usually Karuppusamy), where animal sacrifice took place.
In 1700s Maniyan clan people from Mohanur, Namakkal Dist (With deity of Chellandi amman and Navaladi Karuppusamy) in need of resources migrated again from there. They crossed from the north banks of the Cauvery, where Mohanur is situated to the south bank and traveled west side to the forest, along the upstream.
, Kattur, Karungalkadu, Thukachi, Kattampatti, NariKattuValasu, Puthupalayam, Pillapalayam, Ramanathapuram, Anjur, Valayapalayam, ChinnaValayaPalayam, NallaSelliPalayam, Murgampalayam to mention a few surrounding villages.
They built a temple for Chellandi Amman and Sekkadi Periyasamy in Kattampatti (Near Thurkatchi). They got settled near Noyyal River around Thurkatchi - "Reign of Goddess Durga" (Wrongly spelled as Thukkatchi, "Reign of Worry"). The deity Sekkadi Periyasamy is been installed by a Vaaniyar (Oil miller) sage, so called Sekkadi (Oil pressing place).These people are called as a new section of Maniyans as Thurkatchi (Thukkatchi) Maniyan Kootam, having clan temple in Kattampatti (2 km).
. They have their deity of Selvakumarasamy (Only section of clan having Lord Muruga as clan god) and Kuppanasamy. For Kuppansamy they offer animal sacrifices, it is famous temple in the Muthur area. These Maniyans are called Muthur Maniyan. They belong to third section of Maniyan kootam, apart from Mohanur Maniyan and Thurkatchi Maniyan.
Maniyans-setteled-district-God-Protection God-Banks of-Offerings-Festival-nearest place
| Maniyan || Nathakadaiyur || Tirupur || Kariyakali Amman || Karuppanasamy) || NA || || Annual Sacrifice to Karuppanasamy || Nathakadaiyur
|}
tree) and as Judge Durai (Provider of justice) and as Pattamarathaan (One who is under Dead tree). Devotees throng the temple seeking solutions for burden of debt, family problems, incurable diseases and for a profitable cattle business and for child boon and suitable marriage alliances.
People sacrifice sheep and cocks and offer it to Karuppusamy. The midnight poosai called Sathya Poosai is considered very important by the devotees. Devotees write their grievances in a petition clearly as if submitting to an official and tie them in the Pattamaram tree in the temple.
. She travels on lion, and deity is on seating position. Temple has deity for forefather and mother. A Pillayar (Ganesha) deity is situates in the entrance under a country-fig tree. Inside a separate dome for Kannimar and three sacrifice goddess are present. a small festival hall is present.
In April-May month annual festival happens, people of Thurkatchi maniyan clan gather for the festival. In July month Lacharchanai (10 Million hymns) and Conch worship will happen, people in the vicinity towns will visit the temple. People will offer lemon, coconut, flowers, garland, oil, milk, ghee, incents, camphor to Chellandi.
The temple is in deteriorating condition in late 1980s, with bushes everywhere. Then like minded people join together and temple is renovated and Kudamulukku/Kubaabishekam (Renovation Ceremony) happened in 1996. Chellandi is not only clan God for Thurkatchi Maniyan kootam, but also for Koushika gurukal brahmins of Karvazhi.
Once located in the sandy banks of Noyyal with Aavarai plants, now there is no sand left, only seemai karuvel plants and polluted river.
Sellandi amman-Chellandi amman-Chellaye-Chellatha-Sellaye-Sellatha-Kattampatti Chellandi
and is worshiped also with Kannimar, The Seven Muses. The Kannimar are the Goddess for fertility, has a long history has been worshiped from the Indus valley civilization. He resides under Neem and Vilva(Bael
) tree, he has weapon of Vel
(Spear) and Thiru Kavattai (the "Y" staff). Presently he is the form of VeeraKal, has been provide a silver mask during rituals. The temple has a festival hall and dining hall for celebration purpose.
Periyasamy is installed in Sekkadi (Oil pressing place) by a Vaaniyar Savant (People who extract oil from seeds). The savant in his oil extraction place, had installed a deity for Periyasamy and worshiped him, this deity has been made clan god of the Thurkatchi Manian clan. The Vaaniyar savant has been worshiped in the temple.
People install Vel(Spear) or horse terracotta figures or human figurines in the temple, as their prayers are answered. Periyasamy is been worshiped using animal sacrifice (Hen or goat), liquor bottles, betel leaves, lemon, coconut, flowers, incense, camphor, lamps with tamil hymns and bells.
He is worshiped with meat, cigar lighted and liquor aarathi (fire on alcohol). Yearly animal sacrifice festival will take place. In Feb-March month Sathya poosai at midnight will happen.
Sekkadiyan-Sekkadi Periyasamy-Thurkatchi Periyasamy-Kattampatti Periyasamy-Sekkadian
Kongu Vellalar
Gounders also known as Kongu Vellalars are Kshatriyas native to the western region of Tamil Nadu known as Kongu Nadu. They were known as a noble, feudal and land owning caste of Tamil Nadu from the Sangam age...
s (கொங்கு வேளாளர்), farmer caste of Tamilnadu in South India. In a clan every relation is a brother or sister, marriage within clan is not desired. In the Kongu Vellalar there are initially 60 clans, now expanded to 148 clans. Each clan has marriage relationship with the other clans.
The Maniyan kootam people are found in the Mohanur
Mohanur
Mohanur is a Town panchayat in Namakkal district of Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The Mohanur Panchyat Union includes Mohanur Town,Pettapalayam, Manappalli, Kumarapalayam, Sengappalli, Ediyar, Perumandam Palayam, Ariyur, Aniyapuram, Valayapatti...
(South Namakkal district), Kodumudi
Kodumudi
Kodumudi is a panchayat town in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.- Geography :Kodumudi is located at . It has an average elevation of 144 metres ....
(West Karur district), Muthur
Muthur
Muthur is a panchayat town in Tirupur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.-Demographics: India census, Muthur had a population of 10,063. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Muthur has an average literacy rate of 59%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male...
(East Tirupur district). There are 3 branches of Maniyans are there:
- Mohanur Maniyan (Clan God:- Chelladi Amman + Navaladi Karuppusamy)
- Thurkatchi Maniyan (Clan God:- Chelladi Amman + Sekkadi Periyasamy)
- Muthur Maniyan (Clan God:- Selvakumarasamy + Kuppannasamy)
Kongu Vellalar kootam
The oldest clan listing, the following are the kootams as found in some catalogues.1. Antuvan; 2. Adi; 3. Antai; 4. Adar; 5. Avan; 6. Injcan; 7. Otalan; 8. kannan; 9. Kanavalan; 10. kadai; 11. Kari; 12. kiran; 13. Kuyilan; 14. Kulaiayan; 15. Kunukkan; 16. Kodai; 17. Kuran; 18. Koventan; 19. Cattantai; 20. Cellan; 21. Cemban; 22. Cenkgkannan; 23. Cemputan; 24. Ceziyan; 25. Cengkunniyan; 26. Cevvayan; 27. Cheran; 28. Cedan; 29. Dhanajayan; 30. Devendran; 31. Thodan; 32. Nidunniyan; 33. Pannan; 34. Pavalan; 35. Panaiyan; 36. Paduman; 37. Payiran; 38. Panangkadan; 39. Badariyar; 40. Pandyan; 41. Pullan; 42. Pucan; 43. Putan; 44. Puccandai; 45. Perungkudi; 46. Periyacavam; 47. Porulantai; 48. Ponnan; 49. Maniyan; 50. Mayilan; 51. Madan; 52. Muttan; 53. Vannakkan; 54. Valayan; 55. Vanan; 56. Villiyan; 57. Viziyan; 58. Ventuzavan; 59. Vellamban; 60. Velaiyan
Cauvery Delta
The Kongu vellalarKongu Vellalar
Gounders also known as Kongu Vellalars are Kshatriyas native to the western region of Tamil Nadu known as Kongu Nadu. They were known as a noble, feudal and land owning caste of Tamil Nadu from the Sangam age...
s are very studious people, who migrated from the lush, fertile Cauvery delta in Tanjore and Trichy to the wild forests upriver Cauvery. The Chola kingdom which flourished in the 9th century till 13th century, need to expand its land of cultivation and being wealthy to undertake such endeavors.
Madhukarai
The delta becomes crowded forcing enterprising people to expand to forest and built villages. They move up river and by their sheer hard work and persistence had survived and created villages in the KonguKongu
Kongu may refer to:* Kongu , a region in Tamil Nadu* Kongu Engineering College, an engineering college in Tamil Nadu* Toa Kongu, a fictional hero from the BIONICLE series.* Kongu Arts and Science College, an Arts college in Tamil Nadu...
region, and they are called Kongu Vellalars ("Farmers of Kongu"). These migration is not a one time affair, it happened slowly over 1000 years. Thus people migrate from heart of delta to the borders of delta. The place called Madhukarai (Near Mayanur, Trichi) forms the border between fertile lands and forests.
The Princes and Dukes of Chola kingdom called Kongu Cholas enhance the expansion into the forest country. They King approves and grants permission to expand further. The Annamaar/ Annamar or Ponnar - Sankar story reflects the one of the encounters with the hunter people, who is against the farming people who came there to settle. In the Annamar story, which occurred in Valanadu, Manaparai near Trichy is struggle of the farming people against hunter people and balance act to live harmoniously.
Mohanur
The expansion stated in near 10th century continued as the families and clan expands till 700 years later. The MohanurMohanur
Mohanur is a Town panchayat in Namakkal district of Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The Mohanur Panchyat Union includes Mohanur Town,Pettapalayam, Manappalli, Kumarapalayam, Sengappalli, Ediyar, Perumandam Palayam, Ariyur, Aniyapuram, Valayapatti...
, Namakkal district is a place near Madhukarai, people got multiplied from a family to a clan/koottam named probably after original ancestor of the clan MANIYAN. They worship Chellandi Amman and Navaladi Karuppusamy (Pattamarathan). Karuppusamy is continuation of the VeeraKal (Warrior Stones), of the Sangam age in the memory of the martyrs of the war. Karuppusamy usually wield Aruval (Curved Machete), he is seated under Jambul
Jambul
Jambul is an evergreen tropical tree in the flowering plant family Myrtaceae. Jambul is native to Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia...
tree (Tamil: நாவல்). The gods of the Vellalars are a Goddess and protection God (usually Karuppusamy), where animal sacrifice took place.
In 1700s Maniyan clan people from Mohanur, Namakkal Dist (With deity of Chellandi amman and Navaladi Karuppusamy) in need of resources migrated again from there. They crossed from the north banks of the Cauvery, where Mohanur is situated to the south bank and traveled west side to the forest, along the upstream.
Thurkatchi
They might have reached Noyyal (place of Noyyal confluence to Cauvery), then they travel along the Noyyal river, upstream. On reaching Thurkatchi (Thukkachi), one section of the people decided to settled down on the banks of the river. They settled down in villages around there like UngampalayamUngampalayam
-Location:Ungampalayam is a village in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu.The village is located in the Tamilnadu, Karur District, Karur Paramathi Block, Thurkatchi...
, Kattur, Karungalkadu, Thukachi, Kattampatti, NariKattuValasu, Puthupalayam, Pillapalayam, Ramanathapuram, Anjur, Valayapalayam, ChinnaValayaPalayam, NallaSelliPalayam, Murgampalayam to mention a few surrounding villages.
They built a temple for Chellandi Amman and Sekkadi Periyasamy in Kattampatti (Near Thurkatchi). They got settled near Noyyal River around Thurkatchi - "Reign of Goddess Durga" (Wrongly spelled as Thukkatchi, "Reign of Worry"). The deity Sekkadi Periyasamy is been installed by a Vaaniyar (Oil miller) sage, so called Sekkadi (Oil pressing place).These people are called as a new section of Maniyans as Thurkatchi (Thukkatchi) Maniyan Kootam, having clan temple in Kattampatti (2 km).
Muthur
Another section of Maniyans traveled further west to settle in MuthurMuthur
Muthur is a panchayat town in Tirupur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.-Demographics: India census, Muthur had a population of 10,063. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Muthur has an average literacy rate of 59%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male...
. They have their deity of Selvakumarasamy (Only section of clan having Lord Muruga as clan god) and Kuppanasamy. For Kuppansamy they offer animal sacrifices, it is famous temple in the Muthur area. These Maniyans are called Muthur Maniyan. They belong to third section of Maniyan kootam, apart from Mohanur Maniyan and Thurkatchi Maniyan.
Maniyans-setteled-district-God-Protection God-Banks of-Offerings-Festival-nearest place
| Maniyan | Settled | District | God | Protection God | Banks of | Offerings | Festival | Nearest Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mohanur Maniyan | Mohanur | Namakkal | Chelladi Amman (Travel on: Lion) | Navaladi Karuppusamy (Travel on: Horse) | Cauvery | Hen and Goat for Karuppusamy | March Festival -Sathiya Poosai | Mohanur Mohanur Mohanur is a Town panchayat in Namakkal district of Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The Mohanur Panchyat Union includes Mohanur Town,Pettapalayam, Manappalli, Kumarapalayam, Sengappalli, Ediyar, Perumandam Palayam, Ariyur, Aniyapuram, Valayapatti... |
| Thurkatchi Maniyan | Thurkatchi | Karur | Chelladi Amman (Travel on: Lion) | Sekkadi Periyasamy (Travel on: Cheetah) | Noyyal | Hen, Goat, Liquor, Cigar for Periyasamy | Annual Sacrifice - Lacharchanai - Sathya Poosai - Annual Amman fair | Kodumudi Kodumudi Kodumudi is a panchayat town in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.- Geography :Kodumudi is located at . It has an average elevation of 144 metres .... |
| Muthur Maniyan | Muthur | Tirupur | Selvakumarasamy (Travel on: Peacock) | Kuppusamy (Travel on: Horse) | NA | Hen and Goat for Kuppusamy | Annual Sacrifice | Muthur Muthur Muthur is a panchayat town in Tirupur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.-Demographics: India census, Muthur had a population of 10,063. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Muthur has an average literacy rate of 59%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male... |
| Maniyan || Nathakadaiyur || Tirupur || Kariyakali Amman || Karuppanasamy) || NA || || Annual Sacrifice to Karuppanasamy || Nathakadaiyur
|}
Navaladi Karuppusamy, Mohanur
Karuppusamy is popularly referred as Navaladian (One who is under JambulJambul
Jambul is an evergreen tropical tree in the flowering plant family Myrtaceae. Jambul is native to Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia...
tree) and as Judge Durai (Provider of justice) and as Pattamarathaan (One who is under Dead tree). Devotees throng the temple seeking solutions for burden of debt, family problems, incurable diseases and for a profitable cattle business and for child boon and suitable marriage alliances.
People sacrifice sheep and cocks and offer it to Karuppusamy. The midnight poosai called Sathya Poosai is considered very important by the devotees. Devotees write their grievances in a petition clearly as if submitting to an official and tie them in the Pattamaram tree in the temple.
Chelladiamman, Kattampatti
Chellandi amman is popularly called Chellaye, temple is situated in Katampatti in banks of Noyyal river 7 Km from KodumudiKodumudi
Kodumudi is a panchayat town in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.- Geography :Kodumudi is located at . It has an average elevation of 144 metres ....
. She travels on lion, and deity is on seating position. Temple has deity for forefather and mother. A Pillayar (Ganesha) deity is situates in the entrance under a country-fig tree. Inside a separate dome for Kannimar and three sacrifice goddess are present. a small festival hall is present.
In April-May month annual festival happens, people of Thurkatchi maniyan clan gather for the festival. In July month Lacharchanai (10 Million hymns) and Conch worship will happen, people in the vicinity towns will visit the temple. People will offer lemon, coconut, flowers, garland, oil, milk, ghee, incents, camphor to Chellandi.
The temple is in deteriorating condition in late 1980s, with bushes everywhere. Then like minded people join together and temple is renovated and Kudamulukku/Kubaabishekam (Renovation Ceremony) happened in 1996. Chellandi is not only clan God for Thurkatchi Maniyan kootam, but also for Koushika gurukal brahmins of Karvazhi.
Once located in the sandy banks of Noyyal with Aavarai plants, now there is no sand left, only seemai karuvel plants and polluted river.
Sellandi amman-Chellandi amman-Chellaye-Chellatha-Sellaye-Sellatha-Kattampatti Chellandi
Sekkadi Periyasamy, Kattampatti
Periyasamy is popularly called as Sekkadiyan (One who resides in Oil press place). The temple is situated in Katampatti in banks of Noyyal river 7 Km from Kodumudi. He travels on CheetahCheetah
The cheetah is a large-sized feline inhabiting most of Africa and parts of the Middle East. The cheetah is the only extant member of the genus Acinonyx, most notable for modifications in the species' paws...
and is worshiped also with Kannimar, The Seven Muses. The Kannimar are the Goddess for fertility, has a long history has been worshiped from the Indus valley civilization. He resides under Neem and Vilva(Bael
Bael
Bael Bael (Aegle marmelos) Bael (Aegle marmelos) (Bengal quince, stone apple, Sanskrit : विल्व, Malayalam: കൂവളം, Bengali: বেল, Hindi: बेल (Sirphal), Marathi: बेल or कवीठ (Kaveeth), , Sindhi: ڪاٺ گدرو , Sinhalese: beli, Tamil: வில்வம் is a species of tree native to India...
) tree, he has weapon of Vel
Vel
The Vel is the divine javelin/spear of the Hindu Deity Murugan.The spear used by ancient Tamils in warfare is also commonly known by this name.-Vel in Hindu Mythology:...
(Spear) and Thiru Kavattai (the "Y" staff). Presently he is the form of VeeraKal, has been provide a silver mask during rituals. The temple has a festival hall and dining hall for celebration purpose.
Periyasamy is installed in Sekkadi (Oil pressing place) by a Vaaniyar Savant (People who extract oil from seeds). The savant in his oil extraction place, had installed a deity for Periyasamy and worshiped him, this deity has been made clan god of the Thurkatchi Manian clan. The Vaaniyar savant has been worshiped in the temple.
People install Vel(Spear) or horse terracotta figures or human figurines in the temple, as their prayers are answered. Periyasamy is been worshiped using animal sacrifice (Hen or goat), liquor bottles, betel leaves, lemon, coconut, flowers, incense, camphor, lamps with tamil hymns and bells.
He is worshiped with meat, cigar lighted and liquor aarathi (fire on alcohol). Yearly animal sacrifice festival will take place. In Feb-March month Sathya poosai at midnight will happen.
Sekkadiyan-Sekkadi Periyasamy-Thurkatchi Periyasamy-Kattampatti Periyasamy-Sekkadian