Manson, Iowa
Encyclopedia
Manson is a city in Calhoun County
, Iowa
, United States
. The population was 1,893 at the 2000 census.
According to the United States Census Bureau
, the city has a total area of 3.2 square miles (8.3 km²), all of it land.
of 2000, there were 1,893 people, 814 households, and 529 families residing in the city. The population density
was 592.8 people per square mile (229.1/km²). There were 863 housing units at an average density of 270.2 per square mile (104.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.68% White, 0.16% African American, 0.21% Native American, 0.32% Asian, 0.32% from other races
, and 0.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.37% of the population.
There were 814 households out of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were married couples
living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.9% were non-families. 32.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 21.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was about 2.27 and the average family size was approximately 2.87.
In the city the population was spread out with 23.7% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 22.5% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 25.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 86.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $31,331, and the median income for a family was $41,500. Males had a median income of $31,006 versus $20,491 for females. The per capita income
for the city was $16,687. About 6.7% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.9% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.
, formed by a meteorite
collision that happened 74 million years ago
. The crater's existence was first discovered during an oil-drilling wildcatting
expedition in the 1930s. It was eventually realized to be the biggest impact by an object from outer space to happen in North America and was theorized to have led to the extinction of the dinosaur
s, or contributed to it as a fragment of the Chicxulub meteor
, until tests by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1991 and 1992 proved that it was too old by 9 million years.
Not much remains due to glacial till
which has filled in the crater and has made it undetectable at ground level. However due to this infilling it is one of the best preserved impact sites on Earth.
The impact crater measures approximately 24 miles (38.6 km) in diameter and the city of Manson is located near the center of the impact site.
killed three people and destroyed a large part of Manson on June 28, 1979 at about 7:45 PM. The tornado slowly chewed its way from northwest to southeast through Manson. The tornado was on the southwest side of a large southeast-moving thunderstorm
complex, thus it was surrounded on three sides by clear skies (in fact, the sun was shining) and was highly visible. Severe damage was done to the central business district with 25 of the 35 business either destroyed or severely damaged. The middle school was also destroyed as were about 110 homes. Another 139 homes were damaged. The General Telephone Company exchange building for Manson was completely destroyed - the first time this had ever happened in Iowa
. It was reported that the storm was like a lawn mower going through the city, and afterwards one could see from one end of the city to the other when looking up the damage track.
There was about 30 minutes warning and the tornado sirens were sounded well before the arrival of the tornado. The fact that it was still daylight also contributed to the relatively low death count from this destructive storm.
Calhoun County, Iowa
-2010 census:The 2010 census recorded a population of 14,867 in the county, with a population density of . There were 5,108 housing units, of which 4,242 were occupied.-2000 census:...
, Iowa
Iowa
Iowa is a state located in the Midwestern United States, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland". It derives its name from the Ioway people, one of the many American Indian tribes that occupied the state at the time of European exploration. Iowa was a part of the French colony of New...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. The population was 1,893 at the 2000 census.
Geography
Manson is located at 42°31′50"N 94°32′5"W (42.530690, -94.534673).According to the United States Census Bureau
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...
, the city has a total area of 3.2 square miles (8.3 km²), all of it land.
Demographics
As of the censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of 2000, there were 1,893 people, 814 households, and 529 families residing in the city. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
was 592.8 people per square mile (229.1/km²). There were 863 housing units at an average density of 270.2 per square mile (104.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.68% White, 0.16% African American, 0.21% Native American, 0.32% Asian, 0.32% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, and 0.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.37% of the population.
There were 814 households out of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...
living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.9% were non-families. 32.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 21.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was about 2.27 and the average family size was approximately 2.87.
In the city the population was spread out with 23.7% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 22.5% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 25.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 86.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $31,331, and the median income for a family was $41,500. Males had a median income of $31,006 versus $20,491 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...
for the city was $16,687. About 6.7% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.9% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.
Manson impact crater
Manson is located near the site of the Manson craterManson crater
The Manson impact crater is near the site of Manson, Iowa where an asteroid or comet nucleus struck the Earth during the Cretaceous Period, 74 Ma...
, formed by a meteorite
Meteorite
A meteorite is a natural object originating in outer space that survives impact with the Earth's surface. Meteorites can be big or small. Most meteorites derive from small astronomical objects called meteoroids, but they are also sometimes produced by impacts of asteroids...
collision that happened 74 million years ago
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous , derived from the Latin "creta" , usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide , is a geologic period and system from circa to million years ago. In the geologic timescale, the Cretaceous follows the Jurassic period and is followed by the Paleogene period of the...
. The crater's existence was first discovered during an oil-drilling wildcatting
Wildcatter
A wildcatter is an American term for a person who drills wildcat wells, which are oil wells drilled in areas not known to be oil fields. A wildcatter notable for his success was Texan oil tycoon Glenn McCarthy....
expedition in the 1930s. It was eventually realized to be the biggest impact by an object from outer space to happen in North America and was theorized to have led to the extinction of the dinosaur
Dinosaur
Dinosaurs are a diverse group of animals of the clade and superorder Dinosauria. They were the dominant terrestrial vertebrates for over 160 million years, from the late Triassic period until the end of the Cretaceous , when the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event led to the extinction of...
s, or contributed to it as a fragment of the Chicxulub meteor
Chicxulub Crater
The Chicxulub crater is an ancient impact crater buried underneath the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico. Its center is located near the town of Chicxulub, after which the crater is named...
, until tests by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1991 and 1992 proved that it was too old by 9 million years.
Not much remains due to glacial till
Till
thumb|right|Closeup of glacial till. Note that the larger grains in the till are completely surrounded by the matrix of finer material , and this characteristic, known as matrix support, is diagnostic of till....
which has filled in the crater and has made it undetectable at ground level. However due to this infilling it is one of the best preserved impact sites on Earth.
The impact crater measures approximately 24 miles (38.6 km) in diameter and the city of Manson is located near the center of the impact site.
Tornado of June 28, 1979
A destructive F4 tornadoTornado
A tornado is a violent, dangerous, rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. They are often referred to as a twister or a cyclone, although the word cyclone is used in meteorology in a wider...
killed three people and destroyed a large part of Manson on June 28, 1979 at about 7:45 PM. The tornado slowly chewed its way from northwest to southeast through Manson. The tornado was on the southwest side of a large southeast-moving thunderstorm
Thunderstorm
A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm, a lightning storm, thundershower or simply a storm is a form of weather characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere known as thunder. The meteorologically assigned cloud type associated with the...
complex, thus it was surrounded on three sides by clear skies (in fact, the sun was shining) and was highly visible. Severe damage was done to the central business district with 25 of the 35 business either destroyed or severely damaged. The middle school was also destroyed as were about 110 homes. Another 139 homes were damaged. The General Telephone Company exchange building for Manson was completely destroyed - the first time this had ever happened in Iowa
Iowa
Iowa is a state located in the Midwestern United States, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland". It derives its name from the Ioway people, one of the many American Indian tribes that occupied the state at the time of European exploration. Iowa was a part of the French colony of New...
. It was reported that the storm was like a lawn mower going through the city, and afterwards one could see from one end of the city to the other when looking up the damage track.
There was about 30 minutes warning and the tornado sirens were sounded well before the arrival of the tornado. The fact that it was still daylight also contributed to the relatively low death count from this destructive storm.