Manuel Antonio Cordero y Bustamante
Encyclopedia
Manuel Antonio Cordero y Bustamante (1753–1823) was a military man and Spanish politician who served both as Acting governor
of Coahuila
, in the current Mexico
(1797–98), governor of the same city (1798–1817) and acting governor of Texas
(1805–1808).
, beginning his career as a Cadet
on December 1, 1767. He only spent four years in this army, because in 1771 he was living in the United States
, a country in which he again held the rank of cadet when he joined the U.S. Army on 6 September of that year. It is known that during the seven years since he served at various Spanish armies, such as the Corps of Zamora, the Dragoons of Spain and Mexico, and companies of the presidio of Janos and San Buenaventura.
Between 1777 and 1790 he fought in many wars in the regions of the Provincias Internas (Interior Provinces), a region consisting of Alta
and Baja California
, Arizona
, New Mexico
, Texas
, Nueva Vizcaya
and Coahuila
, among other regions of northern Mexico
. Was this your first contact with Texas and Coauhila, two places where later he would occupy the governor's office. Were a total of twenty and five marketing made in that region. In the first four, however, their participation was not beyond that of a subordinate, but in others he served as commander, which is significant for its progress in the military. In 1787, he signed a peace treaty with the Mimbreños Apaches and Gilena. In 1790, he had taken over as commander of the Nueva Vizcaya when he began to persecute to the marauding and punish to Native Americans
living in the region, that threatening the ranches of the settlers and their descendants. This was carried out for ten months, between 1790 and 1791. In 1794, in a four-month campaign, he returned to subjugate the Mimbres Gilena and they decided to attack the Presidio of Janos. In 1795 he led the first expedition to the Presidio del Norte (North Presidio), where he would face against the Mescaleros. On December 27, 1796, he began leading the troops from the border of Coahuila. In January 1797, the King of Spain appointed him governor of Texas to replace Manuel Muñoz
in his later years. However, he decided to start a war against the Apaches, so now, he could not attend the governor's office. Later, on 27 March of that year, the king of Spain named him Acting governor
of Coahuila
. Cordero sent word to Manuel Muñoz say that he had been appointed acting governor of that city. He left the position in December 1798. In that year he became governor of the city.
However, in 1805, while Cordero ruled Coahuila, he was also appointed acting governor of Texas and he had to leave the government of Coahuila. He ruled Texas until November 7, 1808. At this time, Cordero left the governorship of Texas because he was replaced by Manuel María de Salcedo
. In September 1805 he came to San Antonio because he had received orders that he should strengthen Orcoquisas posts, Nacogdoches, and Adaes
.
Later, he ruled Coahuila for second time since 1809. He remained in Texas until 1810 because he planned to establish settlements in Colorado
, San Marcos de Reve
, Brazos
, Trinity
, and Guadalupe rivers. however, he could only establish settlements in San Marcos and in Trinidad, in addition to another settlement: Palafox Villa, in the last year that he was in town.
During his tenure at Texas, he also convinced people of the interior provinces of Mexico for them to immigrate to San Antonio, but he tried to get in San Antonio, that American immigrants to leave the city. He also ordered all slaves in Louisiana that they enter to Texas until they were released. In 1817, he stepped down as governor of Coahuila. Later, in 1822, Cordero became commanding general of the western provinces of the Interior and he was promoted to field marshal general, a position he held until his death in Durango
, Mexico
in April 1823.
do an interesting physical and personal description of the Cordero. According to him, the Spanish political and military was blond, her eyes were blue, his complexion was clear and he was about ten feet and five inches tall. As for his behavior, he believed that the military had great confidence in himself and he was one of the most capable military commanders on the Spanish border.
Acting governor
An acting governor is a constitutional position created in some U.S. states when the governor dies in office or resigns. In some states, the governor may also be declared to be incapacitated and unable to function for various reasons, including illness and absence from the state for more than a...
of Coahuila
Coahuila
Coahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico...
, in the current Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
(1797–98), governor of the same city (1798–1817) and acting governor of Texas
Texas
Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...
(1805–1808).
Biography
Manuel Antonio Cordero y Bustamante was born in 1753 in the Andalusian province of Cadiz, Spain. At age 19 he joined the Spanish armySpanish Army
The Spanish Army is the terrestrial army of the Spanish Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is one of the oldest active armies - dating back to the 15th century.-Introduction:...
, beginning his career as a Cadet
Cadet
A cadet is a trainee to become an officer in the military, often a person who is a junior trainee. The term comes from the term "cadet" for younger sons of a noble family.- Military context :...
on December 1, 1767. He only spent four years in this army, because in 1771 he was living in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, a country in which he again held the rank of cadet when he joined the U.S. Army on 6 September of that year. It is known that during the seven years since he served at various Spanish armies, such as the Corps of Zamora, the Dragoons of Spain and Mexico, and companies of the presidio of Janos and San Buenaventura.
Between 1777 and 1790 he fought in many wars in the regions of the Provincias Internas (Interior Provinces), a region consisting of Alta
Alta California
Alta California was a province and territory in the Viceroyalty of New Spain and later a territory and department in independent Mexico. The territory was created in 1769 out of the northern part of the former province of Las Californias, and consisted of the modern American states of California,...
and Baja California
Baja California
Baja California officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is both the northernmost and westernmost state of Mexico. Before becoming a state in 1953, the area was known as the North...
, Arizona
Arizona
Arizona ; is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the western United States and the mountain west. The capital and largest city is Phoenix...
, New Mexico
New Mexico
New Mexico is a state located in the southwest and western regions of the United States. New Mexico is also usually considered one of the Mountain States. With a population density of 16 per square mile, New Mexico is the sixth-most sparsely inhabited U.S...
, Texas
Texas
Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...
, Nueva Vizcaya
Nueva Vizcaya
Nueva Vizcaya is a province of the Philippines located in the Cagayan Valley region in Luzon. Its capital is Bayombong. It is bordered by, clockwise from the north, Ifugao, Isabela, Quirino, Aurora, Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan, and Benguet.-History, people and culture:The name was derived from the...
and Coahuila
Coahuila
Coahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico...
, among other regions of northern Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
. Was this your first contact with Texas and Coauhila, two places where later he would occupy the governor's office. Were a total of twenty and five marketing made in that region. In the first four, however, their participation was not beyond that of a subordinate, but in others he served as commander, which is significant for its progress in the military. In 1787, he signed a peace treaty with the Mimbreños Apaches and Gilena. In 1790, he had taken over as commander of the Nueva Vizcaya when he began to persecute to the marauding and punish to Native Americans
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian inhabitants of North and South America, their descendants and other ethnic groups who are identified with those peoples. Indigenous peoples are known in Canada as Aboriginal peoples, and in the United States as Native Americans...
living in the region, that threatening the ranches of the settlers and their descendants. This was carried out for ten months, between 1790 and 1791. In 1794, in a four-month campaign, he returned to subjugate the Mimbres Gilena and they decided to attack the Presidio of Janos. In 1795 he led the first expedition to the Presidio del Norte (North Presidio), where he would face against the Mescaleros. On December 27, 1796, he began leading the troops from the border of Coahuila. In January 1797, the King of Spain appointed him governor of Texas to replace Manuel Muñoz
Manuel Muñoz (Governor of Spanish Texas)
Manuel Muñoz was a soldier, a colonel and governor of Texas between 1790 and 1798.- Early life :Manuel Muñoz was born, in 1730, probably in Matamoros, a city of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. He was serving as Captain of the Spanish Army when, in 1759, he temporarily settled in Texas as the first...
in his later years. However, he decided to start a war against the Apaches, so now, he could not attend the governor's office. Later, on 27 March of that year, the king of Spain named him Acting governor
Acting governor
An acting governor is a constitutional position created in some U.S. states when the governor dies in office or resigns. In some states, the governor may also be declared to be incapacitated and unable to function for various reasons, including illness and absence from the state for more than a...
of Coahuila
Coahuila
Coahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico...
. Cordero sent word to Manuel Muñoz say that he had been appointed acting governor of that city. He left the position in December 1798. In that year he became governor of the city.
However, in 1805, while Cordero ruled Coahuila, he was also appointed acting governor of Texas and he had to leave the government of Coahuila. He ruled Texas until November 7, 1808. At this time, Cordero left the governorship of Texas because he was replaced by Manuel María de Salcedo
Manuel María de Salcedo
Manuel María de Salcedo y Quiroga , Manuel María de Salcedo y Quiroga , Manuel María de Salcedo y Quiroga , (Malaga, Spain, (1776 - executed, 3 April 1813), was a governor of Spanish Texas from 1808 until his execution in 1813. Salcedo gained leadership experience helping his father Juan Manuel de...
. In September 1805 he came to San Antonio because he had received orders that he should strengthen Orcoquisas posts, Nacogdoches, and Adaes
Adães
Adães is a Portuguese parish, located in the municipality of Barcelos. It has a population of 739 inhabitants and a total area of 2.51 km²....
.
Later, he ruled Coahuila for second time since 1809. He remained in Texas until 1810 because he planned to establish settlements in Colorado
Colorado River
The Colorado River , is a river in the Southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, approximately long, draining a part of the arid regions on the western slope of the Rocky Mountains. The watershed of the Colorado River covers in parts of seven U.S. states and two Mexican states...
, San Marcos de Reve
San Marcos River
The San Marcos River rises from the San Marcos Springs, the location of Aquarena Springs, in San Marcos, Texas. The springs are home to several threatened or endangered species, including the Texas Blind Salamander, Fountain Darter, and Texas Wild Rice...
, Brazos
Brazos River
The Brazos River, called the Rio de los Brazos de Dios by early Spanish explorers , is the longest river in Texas and the 11th longest river in the United States at from its source at the head of Blackwater Draw, Curry County, New Mexico to its mouth at the Gulf of Mexico with a drainage...
, Trinity
Trinity River
Trinity River may refer to:*Trinity River *Trinity River...
, and Guadalupe rivers. however, he could only establish settlements in San Marcos and in Trinidad, in addition to another settlement: Palafox Villa, in the last year that he was in town.
During his tenure at Texas, he also convinced people of the interior provinces of Mexico for them to immigrate to San Antonio, but he tried to get in San Antonio, that American immigrants to leave the city. He also ordered all slaves in Louisiana that they enter to Texas until they were released. In 1817, he stepped down as governor of Coahuila. Later, in 1822, Cordero became commanding general of the western provinces of the Interior and he was promoted to field marshal general, a position he held until his death in Durango
Durango
Durango officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Durango is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is located in Northwest Mexico. With a population of 1,632,934, it has Mexico's second-lowest population density, after Baja...
, Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
in April 1823.
Personal life
Zebulon PikeZebulon Pike
Zebulon Montgomery Pike Jr. was an American officer and explorer for whom Pikes Peak in Colorado is named. As a United States Army captain in 1806-1807, he led the Pike Expedition to explore and document the southern portion of the Louisiana Purchase and to find the headwaters of the Red River,...
do an interesting physical and personal description of the Cordero. According to him, the Spanish political and military was blond, her eyes were blue, his complexion was clear and he was about ten feet and five inches tall. As for his behavior, he believed that the military had great confidence in himself and he was one of the most capable military commanders on the Spanish border.
External links
- http://www.cronologiahistorica.com/index.php/siglo-xviii-nuevo-empuje/1345-ano-1797 Cronología histórica In Spanish: historical Timeline) (1797)