Manuel de Cendoya
Encyclopedia
Manuel de Cendoya was a Soldier
and the governor of Florida
between 1670 and 1675. His rule was based on the reconstruction of the Castillo de San Marcos
, as Fortress to try to prevent British invasion in Florida.
, where he learned military engineering. He fought in the capture of fortifications in
Extremadura
, Guipúzcoa, Flanders
and Italy
. Later, Manuel de Cendoya was appointed royal governor of Florida in 1670. However, before taking office, he went to Mexico in November of that year to collect funds and consultation with the Viceroy
Mancera and military engineers building the new fort in Florida, because the old was four bastions made of wood and fagin, this was very close to the beach which the waves were eroding and decaying. Also, could no longer be repaired because the wood had to bring it from far away on the backs of the natives and they had made that the chiefs were rebelled. The new fort was made of stone, modeled on the earlier draft of wood. Cendoya even suggested making four small Casemates: Two to guard the entrance of St. Augustine
, one in Santa Catalina de la Frontera in the north and one in San Marcos de Apalache; The boards of War approved the project, but not the funds.
Since that Cendoya sat in his office, in 1671, he already gave orders for the trace of the fort and the Castillo de San Marcos
.
One hundred and fifty Native Americans
were hired as laborers, some to carry the coquina from "Island Quarry" in Anastasia
, others bringing firewood to make shells and lime, and fifty to open the floor and clean the ground working with picks, shovels and tools that were made there, in the village smithy. Cendoya got fifteen teachers cutters, masons and calciners, including Lorenzo Lagunes, who was the master builder of construction and he sure knew the works of fortification that were built in Europe
. Cendoya died unexpectedly in 1673 and was replaced by Nicolás Ponce de León II
as acting governor of Florida. The Castle of San Marcos, will generate a recovery in all facets of life St. Augustine, and of course, in the population. Starting this moment, entered a period that will bloom until the early eighteenth century. He died in 1673.
Soldier
A soldier is a member of the land component of national armed forces; whereas a soldier hired for service in a foreign army would be termed a mercenary...
and the governor of Florida
Florida
Florida is a state in the southeastern United States, located on the nation's Atlantic and Gulf coasts. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of 18,801,310 as measured by the 2010 census, it...
between 1670 and 1675. His rule was based on the reconstruction of the Castillo de San Marcos
Castillo de San Marcos
The Castillo de San Marcos site is the oldest masonry fort in the United States. It is located in the city of St. Augustine, Florida. Construction was begun in 1672 by the Spanish when Florida was a Spanish territory. During the twenty year period of British possession from 1763 until 1784, the...
, as Fortress to try to prevent British invasion in Florida.
Biography
Manuel de Cendoya born in the early seventeenth century. As a youth, he joined the Spanish armySpanish Army
The Spanish Army is the terrestrial army of the Spanish Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is one of the oldest active armies - dating back to the 15th century.-Introduction:...
, where he learned military engineering. He fought in the capture of fortifications in
Extremadura
Extremadura
Extremadura is an autonomous community of western Spain whose capital city is Mérida. Its component provinces are Cáceres and Badajoz. It is bordered by Portugal to the west...
, Guipúzcoa, Flanders
Flanders
Flanders is the community of the Flemings but also one of the institutions in Belgium, and a geographical region located in parts of present-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands. "Flanders" can also refer to the northern part of Belgium that contains Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp...
and Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
. Later, Manuel de Cendoya was appointed royal governor of Florida in 1670. However, before taking office, he went to Mexico in November of that year to collect funds and consultation with the Viceroy
Viceroy
A viceroy is a royal official who runs a country, colony, or province in the name of and as representative of the monarch. The term derives from the Latin prefix vice-, meaning "in the place of" and the French word roi, meaning king. A viceroy's province or larger territory is called a viceroyalty...
Mancera and military engineers building the new fort in Florida, because the old was four bastions made of wood and fagin, this was very close to the beach which the waves were eroding and decaying. Also, could no longer be repaired because the wood had to bring it from far away on the backs of the natives and they had made that the chiefs were rebelled. The new fort was made of stone, modeled on the earlier draft of wood. Cendoya even suggested making four small Casemates: Two to guard the entrance of St. Augustine
St. Augustine, Florida
St. Augustine is a city in the northeast section of Florida and the county seat of St. Johns County, Florida, United States. Founded in 1565 by Spanish explorer and admiral Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, it is the oldest continuously occupied European-established city and port in the continental United...
, one in Santa Catalina de la Frontera in the north and one in San Marcos de Apalache; The boards of War approved the project, but not the funds.
Since that Cendoya sat in his office, in 1671, he already gave orders for the trace of the fort and the Castillo de San Marcos
Castillo de San Marcos
The Castillo de San Marcos site is the oldest masonry fort in the United States. It is located in the city of St. Augustine, Florida. Construction was begun in 1672 by the Spanish when Florida was a Spanish territory. During the twenty year period of British possession from 1763 until 1784, the...
.
One hundred and fifty Native Americans
Native Americans in the United States
Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples in North America within the boundaries of the present-day continental United States, parts of Alaska, and the island state of Hawaii. They are composed of numerous, distinct tribes, states, and ethnic groups, many of which survive as...
were hired as laborers, some to carry the coquina from "Island Quarry" in Anastasia
Anastasia Island
Anastasia Island is a barrier island which is approximately long located off the northeast Atlantic coast of Florida in the United States. The island is located east and southeast of St. Augustine. It is separated from the mainland by the Matanzas River, part of the Intracoastal waterway, Matanzas...
, others bringing firewood to make shells and lime, and fifty to open the floor and clean the ground working with picks, shovels and tools that were made there, in the village smithy. Cendoya got fifteen teachers cutters, masons and calciners, including Lorenzo Lagunes, who was the master builder of construction and he sure knew the works of fortification that were built in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
. Cendoya died unexpectedly in 1673 and was replaced by Nicolás Ponce de León II
Nicolás Ponce de León II
Nicolas Ponce de León II was the acting governor of Florida between 1673 and 1674. He served as acting governor after the death of Manuel de Cendoya, continuing on the fort of Castillo de San Marcos, to "lock" the British attacks in Florida.- Biography :...
as acting governor of Florida. The Castle of San Marcos, will generate a recovery in all facets of life St. Augustine, and of course, in the population. Starting this moment, entered a period that will bloom until the early eighteenth century. He died in 1673.
External links
- http://www.gly.uga.edu/railsback/BS-SA.html. Buildings and building stone: Castillo de San Marcos, St Augustinne, Florida, U.S.A.
- http://www.virtualtourist.com/travel/North_America/United_States_of_America/Florida/Saint_Augustine-764650/Things_To_Do-Saint_Augustine-Castillo_de_San_Marcos-BR-1.html. Castillo de San Marcos, Saint Augustine -