Mar Shimun XXII Paulos
Encyclopedia
Mar Shimun XXII. Paulus was a Catholicos
Patriarch
of the Assyrian Church of the East
.
After the murder of the Catholicos-Patriarch Mar Shimun XXI Benyamin, along with 150 of his followers by Simko (Ismail Agha Shikak), a Kurdish agha, Mar Shimun XXII Paulos was elected on 23 March 1918. He was consecrated in the ancient church of Mart Maryam (Saint Mary) in Urmia
by the metropolitan Mar Eskhaq Khnanisho and the bishops Mar Eliya Abuna of Alqosh
, Mar Yosip Khnanisho
of Shemsdin
(the metropolitan's designated successor), and Mar Zaya Sargis of Jilu
.
On 20 August 1918, for fear of persecution from the Turks
, Kurds and Iranians, the newly elected Catholicos-Patriarch fled with about 60,000 of his people from Urmia in Iraq seeking the protection of the British mandate. 15,000 of his followers died on the way. The survivors were in a camp in Baquba, about 50 kilometers north of Baghdad
. Becoming very sick, Shimun XXII spent his short patriarchal days at Mor Mottai monastery belonging to the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch. He died on 27 April 1920 and buried on 9 May 1920 in the Armenian cemetery in Baghdad.
The episcopacy of the Autocephalous Assyrian Church of the East at this time consisted only of four bishops: Mar Yosip Khnanisho, Mar Zaya Sargis of Jilu
, Mar Yalda Yahballaha of Barwari
and Mar Abimalek Timothy (South India).
Mar Shimun XXII Paulos' successor was Mar Eshai Shimun XXIII
.
Catholicos
Catholicos, plural Catholicoi, is a title used for the head of certain churches in some Eastern Christian traditions. The title implies autocephaly and in some cases is borne by the designated head of an autonomous church, in which case the holder might have other titles such as Patriarch...
Patriarch
Patriarch
Originally a patriarch was a man who exercised autocratic authority as a pater familias over an extended family. The system of such rule of families by senior males is called patriarchy. This is a Greek word, a compound of πατριά , "lineage, descent", esp...
of the Assyrian Church of the East
Assyrian Church of the East
The Assyrian Church of the East, officially the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East ʻIttā Qaddishtā w-Shlikhāitā Qattoliqi d-Madnĕkhā d-Āturāyē), is a Syriac Church historically centered in Mesopotamia. It is one of the churches that claim continuity with the historical...
.
After the murder of the Catholicos-Patriarch Mar Shimun XXI Benyamin, along with 150 of his followers by Simko (Ismail Agha Shikak), a Kurdish agha, Mar Shimun XXII Paulos was elected on 23 March 1918. He was consecrated in the ancient church of Mart Maryam (Saint Mary) in Urmia
Urmia
- Demographics :According to official census of 2006, the population of Urmia is about 871,204.- Language :The population of Urmia is mainly Azerbaijani people, with Kurdish, Assyrian Christian, and Armenian minorities...
by the metropolitan Mar Eskhaq Khnanisho and the bishops Mar Eliya Abuna of Alqosh
Alqosh
Alqōsh or Alqūsh is one of the most famous Assyrian towns of the mainly East Syrian rite in Iraq. It is located north of Mosul. The name Alqosh is derived from an Akkadian name Eil-Kushtu, where "Eil" means God and "Kushtu" means righteousness or power...
, Mar Yosip Khnanisho
Saint Mar Yosip Khnanisho X
Mar Yosip Khnanisho , the metropolitan or matran of Shemsdin from 1918 to 1977.-Hakkari:Of the Mar Khnanishu family, he studied with Rev. Rehana, the head of the Seminary in Mar Ishu Monastery. He was ordained a deacon at age 12 and ordained as a priest in 1912...
of Shemsdin
Shemsdin (East Syrian Ecclesiastical Province)
The metropolitan province of Shemsdin, created after the 1552 schism in the Church of the East, was the most important ecclesiastical province of the Qudshanis patriarchate after the province of the patriarch himself. The metropolitans or mutrans of Shemsdin traditionally took the name Hnanisho...
(the metropolitan's designated successor), and Mar Zaya Sargis of Jilu
Jilu
Jīlū was a district located in Hakkari region of upper Mesopotamia.Before 1915 Jīlū was home to Christian Assyrians, as well as a minority of Kurds. There were 20 Assyrian villages in this district. The area was traditionally divided into Greater and Lesser Jīlū, and Ishtāzin - each with its own...
.
On 20 August 1918, for fear of persecution from the Turks
Turkish people
Turkish people, also known as the "Turks" , are an ethnic group primarily living in Turkey and in the former lands of the Ottoman Empire where Turkish minorities had been established in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Greece, Kosovo, Macedonia, and Romania...
, Kurds and Iranians, the newly elected Catholicos-Patriarch fled with about 60,000 of his people from Urmia in Iraq seeking the protection of the British mandate. 15,000 of his followers died on the way. The survivors were in a camp in Baquba, about 50 kilometers north of Baghdad
Baghdad
Baghdad is the capital of Iraq, as well as the coterminous Baghdad Governorate. The population of Baghdad in 2011 is approximately 7,216,040...
. Becoming very sick, Shimun XXII spent his short patriarchal days at Mor Mottai monastery belonging to the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch. He died on 27 April 1920 and buried on 9 May 1920 in the Armenian cemetery in Baghdad.
The episcopacy of the Autocephalous Assyrian Church of the East at this time consisted only of four bishops: Mar Yosip Khnanisho, Mar Zaya Sargis of Jilu
Jilu
Jīlū was a district located in Hakkari region of upper Mesopotamia.Before 1915 Jīlū was home to Christian Assyrians, as well as a minority of Kurds. There were 20 Assyrian villages in this district. The area was traditionally divided into Greater and Lesser Jīlū, and Ishtāzin - each with its own...
, Mar Yalda Yahballaha of Barwari
Barwari
Barwar also known as Barwari and Barwari Bala, is a region situated in northern Dohuk Governorate in Iraq. The region is populated by Kurds although it was once mainly inhabited by Assyrians with a large Jewish minority.-History:...
and Mar Abimalek Timothy (South India).
Mar Shimun XXII Paulos' successor was Mar Eshai Shimun XXIII
Mar Eshai Shimun XXIII
Mar Eshai Shimun XXIII , sometimes known as Mar Shimun XXI Ishaya, Mar Shimun Ishai, or Simon Jesse, was Catholicos Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East from 1920, when he was a youth, until his assassination on 6 November 1975...
.