Marcols-les-Eaux
Encyclopedia
Marcols-les-Eaux is a commune
in the Ardèche
department of southern France.
being the parish of the town. In 1790, the village is renamed Marcols by the revolutionaries willing to get rid of any references to the Catholic Church. In 1912, the town becomes Marcols-les-Eaux since many mineral water sources are found throughout the village. A source was actually exploited for bottled mineral water until the late 1950s. In 1912 also, 36% of the commune's territory are detached in order to form the new town of Albon-d'Ardèche
.
On November 4, 1943, an airplane of the British Royal Air Force
, dropping guns and munitions to the local Resistance
during the night, crashes against the Bourboulas pike, in Marcols-les-Eaux. All of the 6 British crew members died. They were buried on the next day in the village cemetery by the inhabitants. Their tombstones are still visible nowadays.
On August 7, 1944, the German Luftwaffe
, suspecting the inhabitants to supply the local Resistance
with food, bombs the village several times during the day killing three local civilians and destroying a couple of farms and houses. A plate commemorating this bloody event was inaugurated along the wall of the commune's cemetery.
formed a single commune named Marcols, hence differences between the demographic trends of pre-1912 and post-1912.
Communes of France
The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to incorporated municipalities or villages in the United States or Gemeinden in Germany...
in the Ardèche
Ardèche
Ardèche is a department in south-central France named after the Ardèche River.- History :The area has been inhabited by humans at least since the Upper Paleolithic, as attested by the famous cave paintings at Chauvet Pont d'Arc. The plateau of the Ardeche River has extensive standing stones ,...
department of southern France.
History
Known as Marcovolos during the 11th century and then Marcouls during the 12th century, the village became Saint-Julien-d'Ursival (name first mentioned in 1573), Saint-JulienSaint-Julien
-Belgium:*Saint Julien Memorial, a memorial to the Canadian Corps participation in the early phases in the Second Battle of Ypres of the Great War-France:*Saint-Julien, Côte-d'Or, in the Côte-d'Or department...
being the parish of the town. In 1790, the village is renamed Marcols by the revolutionaries willing to get rid of any references to the Catholic Church. In 1912, the town becomes Marcols-les-Eaux since many mineral water sources are found throughout the village. A source was actually exploited for bottled mineral water until the late 1950s. In 1912 also, 36% of the commune's territory are detached in order to form the new town of Albon-d'Ardèche
Albon-d'Ardèche
Albon-d'Ardèche is a commune in the Ardèche department in southern France.-References:*...
.
On November 4, 1943, an airplane of the British Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Formed on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world...
, dropping guns and munitions to the local Resistance
French Resistance
The French Resistance is the name used to denote the collection of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during World War II...
during the night, crashes against the Bourboulas pike, in Marcols-les-Eaux. All of the 6 British crew members died. They were buried on the next day in the village cemetery by the inhabitants. Their tombstones are still visible nowadays.
On August 7, 1944, the German Luftwaffe
Luftwaffe
Luftwaffe is a generic German term for an air force. It is also the official name for two of the four historic German air forces, the Wehrmacht air arm founded in 1935 and disbanded in 1946; and the current Bundeswehr air arm founded in 1956....
, suspecting the inhabitants to supply the local Resistance
French Resistance
The French Resistance is the name used to denote the collection of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during World War II...
with food, bombs the village several times during the day killing three local civilians and destroying a couple of farms and houses. A plate commemorating this bloody event was inaugurated along the wall of the commune's cemetery.
Population
Until 1912, the two communes of Marcols-les-Eaux and Albon-d'ArdècheAlbon-d'Ardèche
Albon-d'Ardèche is a commune in the Ardèche department in southern France.-References:*...
formed a single commune named Marcols, hence differences between the demographic trends of pre-1912 and post-1912.