Maria Chekhova
Encyclopedia
Maria Pavlovna Chekhova was the sister of playwright Anton Chekhov
, a teacher, artist, founder of the Chekhov Memorial House museum in Yalta
, and a recipient of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
.
. She entered the Mariinskaya Girls Gymnasium
in 1872. After the family's bankruptcy in 1876, she moved with the family to Moscow
where she graduated from the Filaretovski Eparkhial School for Women in 1884. From 1886 to 1904 she read lectures on history and geography in Rzhevskaya's private gymnasium for girls. In the 1890s she studied art at Stroganovka
. In 1903 she was the recipient of a gold medal on the Saint Stanislaus ribbon for assiduity in education.
After the death of Anton Chekhov
, she dedicated her life to the collection and publication of the literary heritage of her brother. In 1914 Maria Chekhova donated the personal belongings of Anton Chekhov to the Chekhov Museum in Taganrog
, and was present at the inauguration of the Chekhov Library
designed by Chekhov's friend Fyodor Schechtel
.
From 1922 to 1957 she was the director of the Chekhov Museum in Yalta
.
In 1935 Maria Chekhova and Olga Knipper
visited the birth city of Chekhov, Taganrog, to participate in the events commemorating the 75th anniversary of Anton Chekhov's birth. The former Boys Gymnasium (school no. 2) was named after Chekhov (Chekhov Gymnasium
).
In 1944 the Soviet government awarded Maria Chekhova with the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
for her many years of work at the Chekhov Museum in Yalta and for her contribution to the publication of Chekhov's literary heritage.
Anton Chekhov
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was a Russian physician, dramatist and author who is considered to be among the greatest writers of short stories in history. His career as a dramatist produced four classics and his best short stories are held in high esteem by writers and critics...
, a teacher, artist, founder of the Chekhov Memorial House museum in Yalta
Yalta
Yalta is a city in Crimea, southern Ukraine, on the north coast of the Black Sea.The city is located on the site of an ancient Greek colony, said to have been founded by Greek sailors who were looking for a safe shore on which to land. It is situated on a deep bay facing south towards the Black...
, and a recipient of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Order of the Red Banner of Labour
The Order of the Red Banner of Labour was an order of the Soviet Union for accomplishments in labour and civil service. It is the labour counterpart of the military Order of the Red Banner. A few institutions and factories, being the pride of Soviet Union, also received the order.-History:The Red...
.
Biography
Maria Pavlovna Chekhova was born on August 31, 1863 in the city of TaganrogTaganrog
Taganrog is a seaport city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the north shore of Taganrog Bay , several kilometers west of the mouth of the Don River. Population: -History of Taganrog:...
. She entered the Mariinskaya Girls Gymnasium
Mariinskaya Gymnasium
The Mariinskaya Gymnasium in Taganrog on Chekhov Str. 104 - currently school No. 15 of the North Caucasus Railway – originated from two oldest educational establishments in the South of Russia: the Mariinskaya Gymnasium for Girls and the Railway Vocational School.- History of Gymnasium :The...
in 1872. After the family's bankruptcy in 1876, she moved with the family to Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
where she graduated from the Filaretovski Eparkhial School for Women in 1884. From 1886 to 1904 she read lectures on history and geography in Rzhevskaya's private gymnasium for girls. In the 1890s she studied art at Stroganovka
Stroganov Moscow State University of Arts and Industry
Stroganov Moscow State University of Arts and Industry informally named Stroganovka is one of the oldest Russian schools for the industrial, monumental and decorative art and design. The University is named after its founder, baron Sergei Grigoriyevich Stroganov.-History:The school was founded in...
. In 1903 she was the recipient of a gold medal on the Saint Stanislaus ribbon for assiduity in education.
After the death of Anton Chekhov
Anton Chekhov
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was a Russian physician, dramatist and author who is considered to be among the greatest writers of short stories in history. His career as a dramatist produced four classics and his best short stories are held in high esteem by writers and critics...
, she dedicated her life to the collection and publication of the literary heritage of her brother. In 1914 Maria Chekhova donated the personal belongings of Anton Chekhov to the Chekhov Museum in Taganrog
Taganrog
Taganrog is a seaport city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the north shore of Taganrog Bay , several kilometers west of the mouth of the Don River. Population: -History of Taganrog:...
, and was present at the inauguration of the Chekhov Library
Chekhov Library
Chekhov Library in Taganrog is the oldest library in the South of Russia.-Foundation history:...
designed by Chekhov's friend Fyodor Schechtel
Fyodor Schechtel
Fyodor Osipovich Schechtel was a Russian architect, graphic artist and stage designer, the most influential and prolific master of Russian Art Nouveau and late Russian Revival....
.
From 1922 to 1957 she was the director of the Chekhov Museum in Yalta
Yalta
Yalta is a city in Crimea, southern Ukraine, on the north coast of the Black Sea.The city is located on the site of an ancient Greek colony, said to have been founded by Greek sailors who were looking for a safe shore on which to land. It is situated on a deep bay facing south towards the Black...
.
In 1935 Maria Chekhova and Olga Knipper
Olga Knipper
Olga Leonardovna Knipper-Chekhova was a Russian stage actress. She was married to Anton Chekhov.Knipper was among the 39 original members of the Moscow Art Theatre when it was formed by Constantin Stanislavski in 1898...
visited the birth city of Chekhov, Taganrog, to participate in the events commemorating the 75th anniversary of Anton Chekhov's birth. The former Boys Gymnasium (school no. 2) was named after Chekhov (Chekhov Gymnasium
Chekhov Gymnasium
The Chekhov Gymnasium in Taganrog on Ulitsa Oktyabrskaya 9 is the oldest gymnasium in the South of Russia. Playwright and short-story writer Anton Chekhov spent 11 years in the school, which was later named after him and transformed into a literary museum...
).
In 1944 the Soviet government awarded Maria Chekhova with the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Order of the Red Banner of Labour
The Order of the Red Banner of Labour was an order of the Soviet Union for accomplishments in labour and civil service. It is the labour counterpart of the military Order of the Red Banner. A few institutions and factories, being the pride of Soviet Union, also received the order.-History:The Red...
for her many years of work at the Chekhov Museum in Yalta and for her contribution to the publication of Chekhov's literary heritage.