Marie Anne de Bourbon (1690–1760)
Encyclopedia
Marie Anne Éléonore de Bourbon (Marie Anne Éléonore Gabrielle; 22 December 1690 – 30 August 1760) was a daughter of Louis de Bourbon. She was the Abbess of Saint-Antoine-des-Champs
, an abbey in the Villejuif
suburb of Paris.
was the eldest surviving daughter of Louis XIV of France
and his Maîtresse-en-titre
, Madame de Montespan
.
As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon
, she was a princesse du sang
("princess of the blood") and was allowed the style of Serene Highness
.
On 6 May 1706 at the age of 16, she was made a nun at the Royal Abbey of Fontevraud
in Anjou. She was later made the Abbess of Saint-Antoine-des-Champs in 1723 and was known as Madame de Bourbon. Saint-Antoine-des-Champs had been an abbey since the 13th century.
She outlived all of her siblings apart from her sister Dowager Princess of Conti and grand mother of the future Philippe Égalité
. Dying in the Parisian suburb of Villejuif
, she was buried at the Abbey of Saint-Antoine-des-Champs.
Her sister Henriette Louise de Bourbon
was an abbess at Beaumont-lès-Tours
and a cousin Louise Adélaïde d'Orléans
was the Abbess of Chelles
. The Abbey at Saint-Antoine is now the home of the Hôpital Saint-Antoine
outside Paris.
Saint-Antoine-des-Champs Abbey
Saint-Antoine-des-Champs Abbey was a convent in the 12th arrondissement of Paris. The faubourg Saint-Antoine developed around it. It later became the hôpital Saint-Antoine.-List of abbesses:...
, an abbey in the Villejuif
Villejuif
Villejuif is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris.-Name:The name Villejuif was recorded for the first time in a papal bull of 1119 as Villa Judea, the meaning of which is still debated...
suburb of Paris.
Biography
Marie Anne Éléonore was born at the Palace of Versailles to the Duke and Duchess of Bourbon. The eldest child of her parents she was known as Mademoiselle de Bourbon in her youth. In her early years she was close to her mother but was later replaced by her sister Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon. Her father was the grandson of le Grand Condé and her mother, Louise-Françoise de BourbonLouise-Françoise de Bourbon
Louise Françoise de Bourbon, Légitimée de France was the eldest surviving legitimised daughter of Louis XIV of France and his maîtresse-en-titre, Madame de Montespan. She was said to have been named after her godmother, Louise de La Vallière, the woman that her mother had replaced as the king's...
was the eldest surviving daughter of Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days...
and his Maîtresse-en-titre
Maîtresse-en-titre
The maîtresse-en-titre was the chief mistress of the king of France. It was a semi-official position which came with its own apartments. The title really came into use during the reign of Henry IV and continued until the reign of Louis XV....
, Madame de Montespan
Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan
Françoise Athénaïs de Rochechouart de Mortemart, marquise of Montespan , better known as Madame de Montespan, was the most celebrated maîtresse en titre of King Louis XIV of France, by whom she had seven children....
.
As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon
House of Bourbon
The House of Bourbon is a European royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty . Bourbon kings first ruled Navarre and France in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Bourbon dynasty also held thrones in Spain, Naples, Sicily, and Parma...
, she was a princesse du sang
Prince du Sang
A prince of the blood was a person who was legitimately descended in the male line from the monarch of a country. In France, the rank of prince du sang was the highest held at court after the immediate family of the king during the ancien régime and the Bourbon Restoration...
("princess of the blood") and was allowed the style of Serene Highness
Serene Highness
His/Her Serene Highness is a style used today by the reigning families of Liechtenstein and Monaco. It also preceded the princely titles of members of some German ruling and mediatised dynasties as well as some non-ruling but princely German noble families until 1918...
.
On 6 May 1706 at the age of 16, she was made a nun at the Royal Abbey of Fontevraud
Fontevraud Abbey
Fontevraud Abbey or Fontevrault Abbey is a religious building hosting a cultural centre since 1975, the Centre Culturel de l'Ouest, in the village of Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, near Chinon, in Anjou, France. It was founded by the itinerant reforming preacher Robert of Arbrissel, who had just created a...
in Anjou. She was later made the Abbess of Saint-Antoine-des-Champs in 1723 and was known as Madame de Bourbon. Saint-Antoine-des-Champs had been an abbey since the 13th century.
She outlived all of her siblings apart from her sister Dowager Princess of Conti and grand mother of the future Philippe Égalité
Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
Louis Philippe Joseph d'Orléans commonly known as Philippe, was a member of a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon, the ruling dynasty of France. He actively supported the French Revolution and adopted the name Philippe Égalité, but was nonetheless guillotined during the Reign of Terror...
. Dying in the Parisian suburb of Villejuif
Villejuif
Villejuif is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris.-Name:The name Villejuif was recorded for the first time in a papal bull of 1119 as Villa Judea, the meaning of which is still debated...
, she was buried at the Abbey of Saint-Antoine-des-Champs.
Her sister Henriette Louise de Bourbon
Henriette Louise de Bourbon
Henriette Louise de Bourbon was a French Princess by birth and a member of the House of Bourbon...
was an abbess at Beaumont-lès-Tours
Beaumont-lès-Tours
Beaumont-lès-Tours, in the Indre-et-Loire department of France, is a former commune in the Touraine, near the large town of Tours.It was famed for its large religious institution, the Benedictine Abbey of Beaumont-lès-Tours, once the home of Henriette Louise de Bourbon, Abbess of...
and a cousin Louise Adélaïde d'Orléans
Louise Adélaïde d'Orléans
Louise Adélaïde d'Orléans was the third daughter of Philippe d'Orléans, and Françoise Marie de Bourbon, a legitimised daughter of Louis XIV of France and his mistress, Madame de Montespan. She was Abbess of Chelles.-Biography:Marie Louise Adélaïde d'Orléans was born at the Palace of Versailles on...
was the Abbess of Chelles
Chelles Abbey
Chelles Abbey was founded by Saint Balthild, widow of King Clovis II of Neustria circa 658. It was dissolved during the French Revolution.Chelles had been the site of a Merovingian palace, the villa Calae. A church, dedicated to Saint George had been founded at Chelles by Queen Clothilde...
. The Abbey at Saint-Antoine is now the home of the Hôpital Saint-Antoine
Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
The Assistance publique – Hôpitaux de Paris is the public hospital system of the city of Paris and its suburbs...
outside Paris.
Ancestry
Titles and styles
- 22 December 1690]] – 6 May 1706 Her Serene Highness Mademoiselle de Bourbon
- 1723 – 30 August 1760 Her Serene Highness Madame de Bourbon