Marie of Alencon
Encyclopedia
Marie d'Alençon was a French noblewoman, a Princess of the Blood
, and the wife of John VII of Harcourt
, Count of Harcourt and of Aumale, Viscount of Châtellerault, Baron of Elbeuf, of Mézières, of Lillebone, of La Saussaye.
, France, the daughter of Pierre II, Count of Alençon (1340 – 20 September 1404) and Marie Chamaillart, Viscountess of Beaumont-au-Maine. Her paternal grandparents were Charles II, Count of Alençon (killed 26 August 1346 at the Battle of Crecy
) and Maria de La Cerda y Lara
. Charles was a younger brother of King Philip VI of France
. Her maternal grandparents were Guillaume Chamaillart, Viscount of Beaumont-Brienne, Sire d'Anthenaise, and Marie de Beaumont, Dame de Beaumont-le-Vicomte.
Marie's father was knighted in 1350. At the Battle of Poitiers
in 1356, he was taken hostage in exchange for King John II of France
, and he did not return home until 1370. On 20 October 1371, he married Marie Chamaillart (died 18 November 1425 at Chateau d'Argentan), by whom he had eight children. Marie was their eldest child.
. The marriage produced three children. Through her eldest daughter Marie, Marie d'Alençon was the ancestress of Mary, Queen of Scots, kings Henry IV of France
and Louis XIV of France
, and Henrietta Maria of France
, wife of Charles I of England
.
Marie died in 1417 about two years after her husband, having distinguished himself at the Battle of Agincourt, was taken prisoner by the victorious English troops, led by King Henry V
. John died in 1452.
Prince du Sang
A prince of the blood was a person who was legitimately descended in the male line from the monarch of a country. In France, the rank of prince du sang was the highest held at court after the immediate family of the king during the ancien régime and the Bourbon Restoration...
, and the wife of John VII of Harcourt
John VII of Harcourt
Jean VII d'Harcourt was a count of Aumale, viscount of Châtellerault, seigneur of Mézières, of Elbeuf, of Lillebone, of La Saussaye etc....
, Count of Harcourt and of Aumale, Viscount of Châtellerault, Baron of Elbeuf, of Mézières, of Lillebone, of La Saussaye.
Family
Marie was born on 29 March 1373, at the Chateau d'Essay, OrneOrne
Orne is a department in the northwest of France, named after the river Orne.- History :Orne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution, on March 4, 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Normandy and Perche.- Geography :Orne is in the region of...
, France, the daughter of Pierre II, Count of Alençon (1340 – 20 September 1404) and Marie Chamaillart, Viscountess of Beaumont-au-Maine. Her paternal grandparents were Charles II, Count of Alençon (killed 26 August 1346 at the Battle of Crecy
Battle of Crécy
The Battle of Crécy took place on 26 August 1346 near Crécy in northern France, and was one of the most important battles of the Hundred Years' War...
) and Maria de La Cerda y Lara
Maria de La Cerda y Lara
Maria de La Cerda y Lara was the youngest daughter of Fernando de la Cerda and his wife Juana Núñez de Lara. Maria was a member of the Castilian House of Burgundy. By her second marriage she was Countess consort of Alençon.-Life:...
. Charles was a younger brother of King Philip VI of France
Philip VI of France
Philip VI , known as the Fortunate and of Valois, was the King of France from 1328 to his death. He was also Count of Anjou, Maine, and Valois from 1325 to 1328...
. Her maternal grandparents were Guillaume Chamaillart, Viscount of Beaumont-Brienne, Sire d'Anthenaise, and Marie de Beaumont, Dame de Beaumont-le-Vicomte.
Marie's father was knighted in 1350. At the Battle of Poitiers
Battle of Poitiers (1356)
The Battle of Poitiers was fought between the Kingdoms of England and France on 19 September 1356 near Poitiers, resulting in the second of the three great English victories of the Hundred Years' War: Crécy, Poitiers, and Agincourt....
in 1356, he was taken hostage in exchange for King John II of France
John II of France
John II , called John the Good , was the King of France from 1350 until his death. He was the second sovereign of the House of Valois and is perhaps best remembered as the king who was vanquished at the Battle of Poitiers and taken as a captive to England.The son of Philip VI and Joan the Lame,...
, and he did not return home until 1370. On 20 October 1371, he married Marie Chamaillart (died 18 November 1425 at Chateau d'Argentan), by whom he had eight children. Marie was their eldest child.
List of siblings
- Pierre d'Alençon (1374 – 1375)
- Jean d'Alençon (1375 – 1376)
- Marie d'Alençon (1377 – 1377)
- Jeanne d'Alençon (1378 – 6 August 1403
- Catherine of AlençonCatherine of AlençonCatherine d'Alençon was a younger daughter of Peter II of Alençon and his wife Marie Chamaillart, Viscountess of Beaumont-au-Maine. Catherine was the second wife of Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria...
(1380 Verneuil-sur-AvreVerneuil-sur-AvreVerneuil-sur-Avre is a commune in the Eure department in Haute-Normandie in northern France.-History:In August 1424 during the Hundred Years' War the battle of Verneuil was fought just to the north of the town...
– 25 June 1462. She married firstly in 1411, Peter d' Évreux, Infante of NavarreNavarreNavarre , officially the Chartered Community of Navarre is an autonomous community in northern Spain, bordering the Basque Country, La Rioja, and Aragon in Spain and Aquitaine in France...
, Count of Mortain, and secondly on 1 October 1413, Louis VIILouis VII, Duke of BavariaDuke Louis VII of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt from 1413 until 1443. He was a son of Stephen III and Taddea Visconti.-Biography:...
, Duke of BavariaBavariaBavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
–IngolstadtIngolstadtIngolstadt is a city in the Free State of Bavaria, in the Federal Republic of Germany. It is located along the banks of the Danube River, in the center of Bavaria. As at 31 March 2011, Ingolstadt had 125.407 residents...
. By her last marriage she had a son Johann (Born 6 February 1415) and an unnamed daughter. Both children died young. - Marguerite d'Alençon (1383- after 1400). Nun at Argentan.
- Jean, Duke of Alençon (9 May 1385- 25 October 1415 at The Battle of AgincourtBattle of AgincourtThe Battle of Agincourt was a major English victory against a numerically superior French army in the Hundred Years' War. The battle occurred on Friday, 25 October 1415 , near modern-day Azincourt, in northern France...
). On 26 June 1396, he married Marie of Brittany (18 February 1391- 18 December 1446). They had five children, including his heir, Jean II, Duke of Alençon.
Marriage
Marie married John VII, Count of Harcourt and of Aumale (1369 – 18 December 1452) in Paris on 17 March 1390 shortly before her seventeenth birthday. He was the son of John VI of Harcourt, Count of Harcourt, and Catherine de BourbonSire de Bourbon
The Sire de Bourbon or Seigneur de Bourbon, meaning Lord of Bourbon, was the title by which the rulers of the Bourbonnais were known, from 913 to 1327, and from which the cognomen of the illustrious royal House of the same name derives...
. The marriage produced three children. Through her eldest daughter Marie, Marie d'Alençon was the ancestress of Mary, Queen of Scots, kings Henry IV of France
Henry IV of France
Henry IV , Henri-Quatre, was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610. He was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France....
and Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days...
, and Henrietta Maria of France
Henrietta Maria of France
Henrietta Maria of France ; was the Queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland as the wife of King Charles I...
, wife of Charles I of England
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...
.
Marie died in 1417 about two years after her husband, having distinguished himself at the Battle of Agincourt, was taken prisoner by the victorious English troops, led by King Henry V
Henry V of England
Henry V was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 35 in 1422. He was the second monarch belonging to the House of Lancaster....
. John died in 1452.
Issue
- John VIII of HarcourtJohn VIII of HarcourtJean VIII of Harcourt was a count of Aumale. He was the son of John VII of Harcourt, count of Harcourt, and of Marie of Alençon, a "princess of the blood".-Life:...
, Count of Aumale (9 April 1396 Chateau d'Harcourt, Calvados – 17 August 1424 at the Battle of VerneuilBattle of VerneuilThe Battle of Verneuil was a battle of the Hundred Years' War, fought on 17 August 1424 near Verneuil in Normandy and was a significant English victory.-The black time:...
). He was the senior French commander at the battle. By mistress Marguerite de Preullay, he had one illegitimate son, Louis II of Harcourt - Marie of HarcourtMarie of Harcourt (1398-1476)Marie of Harcourt was Countess of Aumale and Baroness of Elbeuf from 1452 to 1476. She was the eldest daughter of John VII of Harcourt, Count of Harcourt and Aumale and Baron of Elbeuf, and of Marie of Alençon....
, Countess of Aumale (9 September 1398 Chateau d'Harcourt, Calvados – 19 April 1476). She married, on 12 August 1416, Antoine of VaudémontAntoine of VaudémontAntoine of Vaudémont was Count of Vaudémont and sieur de Joinville from 1418 to 1458. By marriage, he was also Count of Aumale and Baron of Elbeuf from 1452 to 1458.-Life:...
, Count of Vaudémont, Sire of Joinville (1401 – 22 March 1458), by whom she had five children including Frederic II of Vaudémont, Count of Vaudemont, Sire of Joinville (May 1428 – 31 August 1470 JoinvilleJoinville, Haute-MarneJoinville is a commune in the Haute-Marne department in north-eastern France.Its medieval château-fort, which gave to members of the House of Guise their title, duc de Joinville, was demolished during the Revolution of 1789, but the 16th-century Château du Grand Jardin built by Claude de Lorraine,...
), who in his turn in 1445, married Yolande de BarYolande de BarYolande de Bar was Duchess of Lorraine and Bar . She was the daughter of Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine, and René of Anjou . Because of her various titles she is also known as Yolande de Lorraine and Yolande d'Anjou...
of Anjou, elder sister of Margaret of AnjouMargaret of AnjouMargaret of Anjou was the wife of King Henry VI of England. As such, she was Queen consort of England from 1445 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471; and Queen consort of France from 1445 to 1453...
, Queen-consort of England. - Jeanne of Harcourt, Countess of Harcourt (11 September 1399 Chateau d' Harcourt, Calvados -1456). She married firstly in 1414, Jean, Seigneur de Rieux et de Rochfort, Baron d'Ancenis (died 1431). She married secondly in 1434, Bertrand de Dinan, Baron de ChateaubriantChâteaubriant-Coat of arms:Two coats of arms are attributed :*First Pale: Blue, three gold fleurs de lys, Pales split in two by a shortened staff with a red hache....
, Marshal of BrittanyBrittanyBrittany is a cultural and administrative region in the north-west of France. Previously a kingdom and then a duchy, Brittany was united to the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a province. Brittany has also been referred to as Less, Lesser or Little Britain...
. She had issue.