Marnes-la-Coquette
Encyclopedia
Marnes-la-Coquette is a commune
in the western suburbs of Paris, France. Located 13.1 km (8.1 mi) from the center of Paris
, the town is situated between the Parc de Saint-Cloud
and the Forest of Fausses-Reposes. This heavily wooded town developed around the area of Villeneuve-l'Étang that belonged to Napoleon III.
Marnes-la-Coquette has the highest household income in France, at €81,746 per year (in 2004 according INSEE
) and the highest single income average at €42,537 (in 2006).
created a village in the middle of a forest that belonged to him. The name Marnes came from the French translation of Marl clay limestone, since marl was located within the ground there.
In 1852, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, then President, bought the estate of Saint-Cloud
. This area had once belonged to French Marshal of the Empire Jean-de-Dieu Soult and the Duchess of Angoulême
during the First Empire
. Upon becoming emperor, he built a castle for the imperial guards. In 1859-1860 he built the church of Sainte-Eugénie, at the center of town in honor of his wife Eugénie de Montijo
, who liked the place. That same year, Marnes was authorized by decree of now-Emperor Napoleon III to take the name of Marnes-la-Coquette. The town also took the name Marnes-lès-Saint-Cloud, since it was a dependency of Saint-Cloud for some time. In 1878, the area became public and the castle was destroyed in the 1880s.
A portion of the area of Marnes-la-Coquette was granted to Louis Pasteur
in order for him to continue his research after his discovery of the vaccine against rabies in 1885. The experiments required many rabbits and dogs to be caged, which became too much of a nuisance for the neighborhood around Pasteur's animal-house on Rue d'Ulm (5th arrondissement) in Paris. Pasteur then built his laboratory in the former location of the imperial guard house. He planned to build an institute there, but his international success allowed Pasteur to acquire land on Rue Dutot in Paris and later build the Pasteur Institute
in 1888.
Villeneuve-l'Étang later on became an annex where Pasteur stayed and worked during summer. He died there on 28 September 1895 where his room is still preserved.
on May 29, 2005, the Marnois overwhelmingly voted for the European Constitution with 82.04% approving, and 17.96% against, with an abstention rate of 22.00%.
In the French presidential election of 2007, Nicolas Sarkozy
won the first round with 59.33% (566 votes), followed by François Bayrou
with 16.88% (161 votes), followed by Ségolène Royal
with 12.37% (118 votes), and finally Jean-Marie Le Pen
with 5.03% (48 votes). In the second round of voting, the Marnois voted 79.10% (742 votes) for Nicolas Sarkozy and 20.90% (196 votes) for Ségolène Royal, a result more overwhelming than the national average 53.06% for Nicolas Sarkozy. Of the 1,054 registered voters, 90,99% (959 people) voted.
Communes of France
The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to incorporated municipalities or villages in the United States or Gemeinden in Germany...
in the western suburbs of Paris, France. Located 13.1 km (8.1 mi) from the center of Paris
Kilometre Zero
In many countries, Kilometre Zero or similar terms in other languages, is a particular location , from which distances are traditionally measured...
, the town is situated between the Parc de Saint-Cloud
Parc de Saint-Cloud
The Parc de Saint-Cloud, officially the Domaine National de Saint-Cloud, is a domaine national , located mostly within Saint-Cloud, in the Hauts-de-Seine department, near Paris, France....
and the Forest of Fausses-Reposes. This heavily wooded town developed around the area of Villeneuve-l'Étang that belonged to Napoleon III.
Marnes-la-Coquette has the highest household income in France, at €81,746 per year (in 2004 according INSEE
INSEE
INSEE is the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies. It collects and publishes information on the French economy and society, carrying out the periodic national census. Located in Paris, it is the French branch of Eurostat, European Statistical System...
) and the highest single income average at €42,537 (in 2006).
History
The small town of Marnes was formed sometime in the late 12th century when the French bishop Eudes de SullyEudes de Sully
Eudes de Sully was bishop of Paris, from 1198 to 1208.-Life:On the political stage, he came into conflict with the French king, Philip Augustus, over Philip's intended repudiation of his wife....
created a village in the middle of a forest that belonged to him. The name Marnes came from the French translation of Marl clay limestone, since marl was located within the ground there.
In 1852, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, then President, bought the estate of Saint-Cloud
Saint-Cloud
Saint-Cloud is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris.Like other communes of the Hauts-de-Seine such as Marnes-la-Coquette, Neuilly-sur-Seine or Vaucresson, Saint-Cloud is one of the wealthiest cities in France, ranked 22nd out of the 36500 in...
. This area had once belonged to French Marshal of the Empire Jean-de-Dieu Soult and the Duchess of Angoulême
Angoulême
-Main sights:In place of its ancient fortifications, Angoulême is encircled by boulevards above the old city walls, known as the Remparts, from which fine views may be obtained in all directions. Within the town the streets are often narrow. Apart from the cathedral and the hôtel de ville, the...
during the First Empire
First French Empire
The First French Empire , also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France...
. Upon becoming emperor, he built a castle for the imperial guards. In 1859-1860 he built the church of Sainte-Eugénie, at the center of town in honor of his wife Eugénie de Montijo
Eugénie de Montijo
Doña María Eugenia Ignacia Augustina de Palafox-Portocarrero de Guzmán y Kirkpatrick, 16th Countess of Teba and 15th Marquise of Ardales; 5 May 1826 – 11 July 1920), known as Eugénie de Montijo , was the last Empress consort of the French from 1853 to 1871 as the wife of Napoleon III, Emperor of...
, who liked the place. That same year, Marnes was authorized by decree of now-Emperor Napoleon III to take the name of Marnes-la-Coquette. The town also took the name Marnes-lès-Saint-Cloud, since it was a dependency of Saint-Cloud for some time. In 1878, the area became public and the castle was destroyed in the 1880s.
A portion of the area of Marnes-la-Coquette was granted to Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist born in Dole. He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and preventions of diseases. His discoveries reduced mortality from puerperal fever, and he created the first vaccine for rabies and anthrax. His experiments...
in order for him to continue his research after his discovery of the vaccine against rabies in 1885. The experiments required many rabbits and dogs to be caged, which became too much of a nuisance for the neighborhood around Pasteur's animal-house on Rue d'Ulm (5th arrondissement) in Paris. Pasteur then built his laboratory in the former location of the imperial guard house. He planned to build an institute there, but his international success allowed Pasteur to acquire land on Rue Dutot in Paris and later build the Pasteur Institute
Pasteur Institute
The Pasteur Institute is a French non-profit private foundation dedicated to the study of biology, micro-organisms, diseases, and vaccines. It is named after Louis Pasteur, who made some of the greatest breakthroughs in modern medicine at the time, including pasteurization and vaccines for anthrax...
in 1888.
Villeneuve-l'Étang later on became an annex where Pasteur stayed and worked during summer. He died there on 28 September 1895 where his room is still preserved.
Transport
Marnes-la-Coquette is served by Garches – Marnes-la-Coquette station on the Transilien Paris – Saint-Lazare suburban rail line.Politics
In the 2005 referendum on the Constitutional Treaty for EuropeTreaty establishing a Constitution for Europe
The Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe , , was an unratified international treaty intended to create a consolidated constitution for the European Union...
on May 29, 2005, the Marnois overwhelmingly voted for the European Constitution with 82.04% approving, and 17.96% against, with an abstention rate of 22.00%.
In the French presidential election of 2007, Nicolas Sarkozy
Nicolas Sarkozy
Nicolas Sarkozy is the 23rd and current President of the French Republic and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra. He assumed the office on 16 May 2007 after defeating the Socialist Party candidate Ségolène Royal 10 days earlier....
won the first round with 59.33% (566 votes), followed by François Bayrou
François Bayrou
François Bayrou is a French centrist politician, president of Union for French Democracy since 1998 and was a candidate in the 2002 and 2007 French presidential elections. In the first round, he received 18.6% of the vote, finishing in 3rd place and therefore was eliminated from the race....
with 16.88% (161 votes), followed by Ségolène Royal
Ségolène Royal
Marie-Ségolène Royal , known as Ségolène Royal, is a French politician. She is the president of the Poitou-Charentes Regional Council, a former member of the National Assembly, a former government minister, and a prominent member of the French Socialist Party...
with 12.37% (118 votes), and finally Jean-Marie Le Pen
Jean-Marie Le Pen
Jean-Marie Le Pen is a French far right-wing and nationalist politician who is founder and former president of the Front National party. Le Pen has run for the French presidency five times, most notably in 2002, when in a surprise upset he came second, polling more votes in the first round than...
with 5.03% (48 votes). In the second round of voting, the Marnois voted 79.10% (742 votes) for Nicolas Sarkozy and 20.90% (196 votes) for Ségolène Royal, a result more overwhelming than the national average 53.06% for Nicolas Sarkozy. Of the 1,054 registered voters, 90,99% (959 people) voted.