Marshal of France
Encyclopedia
Marshal
Marshal , is a word used in several official titles of various branches of society. The word is an ancient loan word from Old French, cf...
of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank
Military rank
Military rank is a system of hierarchical relationships in armed forces or civil institutions organized along military lines. Usually, uniforms denote the bearer's rank by particular insignia affixed to the uniforms...
. It is granted to general
General
A general officer is an officer of high military rank, usually in the army, and in some nations, the air force. The term is widely used by many nations of the world, and when a country uses a different term, there is an equivalent title given....
s for exceptional achievements. It was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France
Great Officers of the Crown of France
The Great Officers of the Crown of France, known as the Grand Dignitaries of the Empire during the French Empire, were the most important officers of state of the royal court in France during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration. They were appointed by the French monarch, with all but the...
during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration
Bourbon Restoration
The Bourbon Restoration is the name given to the period following the successive events of the French Revolution , the end of the First Republic , and then the forcible end of the First French Empire under Napoleon – when a coalition of European powers restored by arms the monarchy to the...
and one of the Great Dignitaries of the Empire
Great Officers of the Crown of France
The Great Officers of the Crown of France, known as the Grand Dignitaries of the Empire during the French Empire, were the most important officers of state of the royal court in France during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration. They were appointed by the French monarch, with all but the...
during the First French Empire
First French Empire
The First French Empire , also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France...
(when the title was not "Marshal of France" but "Marshal of the Empire").
A Marshal of France displays seven stars. The marshal also receives a baton
Baton (symbol)
The ceremonial baton is a short, thick stick, carried by select high-ranking military officers as a uniform article. The baton is distinguished from the swagger stick in being thicker and less functional . Unlike a staff of office, a baton is not rested on the ground...
, a blue cylinder with stars, formerly fleurs-de-lis
Fleur-de-lis
The fleur-de-lis or fleur-de-lys is a stylized lily or iris that is used as a decorative design or symbol. It may be "at one and the same time, political, dynastic, artistic, emblematic, and symbolic", especially in heraldry...
during the monarchy and Eagle
Eagle
Eagles are members of the bird family Accipitridae, and belong to several genera which are not necessarily closely related to each other. Most of the more than 60 species occur in Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just two species can be found in the United States and Canada, nine more in...
s during the First French Empire. It has the Latin inscription: Terror belli, decus pacis, which means "Terror in war, ornament in peace".
Six Marshals of France have been given the even more exalted rank of Marshal General of France
Marshal General of France
The title Marshal General of France or more exactly "Marshal General of the King's camps and armies" was given to signify that the recipient had authority over all the French armies in the days when a Marshal governed only one army usually...
: Biron
Charles de Gontaut, duc de Biron
Charles de Gontaut, duc de Biron was a French soldier.-Biography:He was the son of Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron, under whose command he fought for the royal party against the Catholic League in the later stages of the Wars of Religion in France. His efforts won him the name “Thunderbolt of...
, Lesdiguières
François de Bonne, duc de Lesdiguières
François de Bonne, duc de Lesdiguières was soldier of the French Wars of Religion and Constable of France.- Early life :He was born at Saint-Bonnet-en-Champsaur, to a family of notaries with pretensions to nobility...
, Turenne
Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne
Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne,often called simply Turenne was the most illustrious member of the La Tour d'Auvergne family. He achieved military fame and became a Marshal of France...
, Villars
Claude Louis Hector de Villars
Claude Louis Hector de Villars, Prince de Martigues, Marquis then Duc de Villars, Vicomte de Melun was the last great general of Louis XIV of France and one of the most brilliant commanders in French military history, one of only six Marshals who have been promoted to Marshal General of...
, Saxe, and Soult.
History
The title derived from the office of marescallus Franciae created by King Philip II Augustus of France for Albéric ClémentAlberic Clement
Albéric Clément was the first marshal of France under Philip Augustus, appointed to that position in 1185. Alberic was the lord of Mez cave in the Gatinais. He accompanied Philip on the Third Crusade but died at Acre on July 3, 1191....
(circa 1190).
The title was abolished by the National Convention
National Convention
During the French Revolution, the National Convention or Convention, in France, comprised the constitutional and legislative assembly which sat from 20 September 1792 to 26 October 1795 . It held executive power in France during the first years of the French First Republic...
in 1793. It was restored during the First French Empire
First French Empire
The First French Empire , also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France...
by Napoleon I as Marshal of the Empire. Under the Bourbon Restoration, the title reverted to Marshal of France and Napoléon III kept that designation.
After the fall of Napoleon III
Napoleon III of France
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte was the President of the French Second Republic and as Napoleon III, the ruler of the Second French Empire. He was the nephew and heir of Napoleon I, christened as Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte...
and the Second French Empire
Second French Empire
The Second French Empire or French Empire was the Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870, between the Second Republic and the Third Republic, in France.-Rule of Napoleon III:...
, the Third republic did not use the title until the First World War
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, when it was recreated as a military distinction and not a rank.
Philippe Pétain
Philippe Pétain
Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph Pétain , generally known as Philippe Pétain or Marshal Pétain , was a French general who reached the distinction of Marshal of France, and was later Chief of State of Vichy France , from 1940 to 1944...
, awarded the distinction of Marshal of France for his generalship in World War I, retained his title even after his trial and imprisonment and after he was stripped of other positions and titles.
The last living Marshal of France was Alphonse Juin
Alphonse Juin
- Early years :Juin was born at Bône in French Algeria, and enlisted in the French Army, graduating from the École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr in 1912.- Career :...
, promoted in 1952, who died in 1967. The latest Marshal of France was Marie Pierre Kœnig, who was made a Marshal posthumously in 1984.
Today, the title of Marshal of France can only be granted to a General officer who fought victoriously in war-time.
Philip II, 1180 – 1223
- Albéric ClémentAlberic ClementAlbéric Clément was the first marshal of France under Philip Augustus, appointed to that position in 1185. Alberic was the lord of Mez cave in the Gatinais. He accompanied Philip on the Third Crusade but died at Acre on July 3, 1191....
(died 1191), Marshal of France in 1185 - Guillaume de Bournel, (died 1195), Marshal of France in 1192
- Nivelon d'Arras (died 1204), Marshal of France in 1202
- Henry I Clément, called the "Little Marshal", Lord of Le Mez and of ArgentanArgentanArgentan is a commune, and the seat of two cantons and of an arrondissement in the Orne department in north-western France.Argentan is located NE of Rennes, ENE of the Mont Saint-Michel, SE of Cherbourg, SSE of Caen, SW of Rouen and N of Le Mans....
(1170–1214), Marshal of France in 1204 - Jean III Clément, Lord of Le Mez and of Argentan (died 1262), Marshal of France in 1214
- Guillaume de la Tournelle (dates unknown), Marshal of France in 1220
Louis IX, 1226 – 1270
- Ferry Pasté, Lord of Challeranges (died 1247), Marshal of France in 1240
- Jean Guillaume de Beaumont (died 1257), Marshal of France in 1250
- Gauthier III, Lord of Nemours (died 1270), Marshal of France in 1257
- Henri II Clément, Lord of Le Mez and Argentan (died 1265), Marshal of France in 1262
- Héric de Beaujeu (died 1270), Marshal of France in 1265
- Renaud de Précigny (died 1270), Marshal of France in 1265
- Raoul II SoresRaoul II SoresRaoul II, called Sores or d'Estrée, was the marshal of France briefly in 1270 following the death of Héric de Beaujeu and before being replaced or joined by Lancelot de Saint-Maard....
(died 1282), Marshal of France in 1270 - Lancelot de Saint-MaardLancelot de Saint-MaardLancelot de Saint-Maard was the fourteenth marshal of France at the time of the Eighth Crusade in 1270.Lancelot followed Louis IX to Africa with five knights in that year. He distinguished himself in the assault on Carthage. He conducted the siege and led the charge...
(died 1278), Marshal of France in 1270
Philip III, 1270 – 1285
- Ferry de Verneuil (died 1283), Marshal of France in 1272
- Guillaume V du Bec Crespin (died 1283), Marshal of France in 1283
- Jean II d'Harcourt, Viscount of Châtellerault, Lord of Harcourt (died 1302), Marshal of France in 1283
- Raoul V Le Flamenc (died 1287), Marshal of France in 1285
Philip IV, 1285 – 1314
- Jean de Varennes (died 1292), Marshal of France in 1288
- Simon de MelunSimon de MelunSimon de Melun was a Marshal of France killed in the Battle of the Golden Spurs.He was a younger son of Vicecount Adam II of Melun and Constance of Sancerre. From his mother, he inherited the castles of La Loupe and Marcheville.In 1270, he followed King Louis IX of France in his Eighth Crusade to...
, Lord of La Loupe and of Marcheville (died 1302), Marshal of France in 1290 - Guy Ier de Clermont de Nesle (died 1302), Marshal of France in 1292
- Foulques du Merle (died 1314), Marshal of France in 1302
- Miles VI de Noyers (died 1350), Marshal of France in 1302
- Jean de Corbeil, Lord of Grez (died 1318), Marshal of France in 1308
Philip V, 1316 – 1322
- Mathieu de Trie (died 1344), Marshal of France in 1318
- Jean des Barres (dates unknown), Marshal of France in 1318
- Bernard VI de Moreuil, Lord of Moreuil (died 1350), Marshal of France in 1322
Charles IV, 1322–1328
- Robert-Jean Bertran de Briquebec, Baron of Briquebec, Viscount of Roncheville (1285–1348), Marshal of France in 1325
Philip VI, 1328 – 1350
- Anseau de Joinville (1265–1343), Marshal of France in 1339
- Charles de Montmorency, Lord of Montmorency (1325–1381), Marshal of France in 1344
- Robert de Waurin, Lord of Saint-Venant (died 1360), Marshal of France in 1344
- Guy II de NesleGuy II de NesleGuy II de Nesle , Lord of Mello, was a Marshal of France who was killed in the Battle of Mauron.Jean was the son of Jean I de Nesle , Lord of Offemont and a grandson of Guy I of Clermont, who was killed in the Battle of the Golden Spurs .Nesle was made a Marshal of France in 1348 by King Philip VI...
, Lord of Offémont and of Mello (died 1352), Marshal of France in 1345 - Édouard de Beaujeu, Lord of Châteauneuf (1316–1351), Marshal of France in 1347
John II 1350 – 1364
- Arnoul d'AudrehemArnoul d'AudrehemArnoul d'Audrehem was a French soldier.He was born at Audrehem, in the present arrondissement of Saint-Omer, in the département of Pas de Calais. Nothing is known of his career before 1332, when he is heard of at the court of Philip VI of France.Between 1332 and 1342 he went three times to...
, Lord of Audrehem (died 1370), Marshal of France in 1351 - Rogues de Hangest, Lord of Avesnecourt (died 1352), Marshal of France in 1352
- Jean de ClermontJean de ClermontJean de Clermont , Lord of Chantilly and of Beaumont, was a Marshal of France who was killed in the battle of Poitiers. Jean was a grandson of Guy I of Clermont....
, Lord of Chantilly and of Beaumont (died 1356), Marshal of France in 1352 - Jean I Le Maingre (1310–1367), Marshal of France in 1356
Charles V, 1364 – 1380
- Jean IV de Mauquenchy, Lord of Blainville (died 1391), Marshal of France in 1368
- Louis de Sancerre, Count of Sancerre (1342–1402), Marshal of France in 1369
Charles VI, 1380 – 1422
- Jean II Le MeingreJean Le MaingreJean II Le Maingre , called Boucicaut was marshal of France and a knight renowned for his military skill.He was the son of marshal Jean I Le Maingre, also called Boucicaut...
(1364–1421), Marshal of France in 1391 - Jean II de Rieux, Lord of Rochefort and of Rieux (1342–1417), Marshal of France in 1397
- Pierre de Rieux, Lord of Rochefort and of Rieux (1389–1439), Marshal of France in 1417
- Claude de Beauvoir, Lord of Chastellux and Viscount of Avallon (1385–1453), Marshal of France in 1418
- Jean de Villiers de L'Isle-Adam (1384–1437), Marshal of France in 1418
- Jacques de Montberon, Lord of Engoumois (died 1422), Marshal of France in 1418
- Gilbert Motier de La FayetteGilbert Motier de La FayetteGilbert Motier de La Fayette, Lord of La Fayette, Pontgibaud Ayes, Nébouzac, Saint-Romain and Monteil Gelat was a Marshal of FranceHe was brought up at the court of Louis II, Duke of Bourbon...
(1396–1464), Marshal of France in 1421 - Antoine de Vergy (died 1439), Marshal of France in 1422
- Jean de La Baume, Count of Montrevel-en-Bresse (died 1435), Marshal of France in 1422
Charles VII, 1422 – 1461
- Amaury de Séverac, Lord of Beaucaire and of Chaude-Aigues (died 1427), Marshal of France in 1424
- Jean de BrosseJean de BrosseJean de Brosse , Lord of Boussac, Sainte-Sévère, Huriel, and Perugia, was a councillor and chamberlain to Charles VII of France; he was made a Marshal of France in 1426.-Early life:...
, Baron of Boussac and of Sainte-Sévère (1375–1433), Marshal of France in 1426 - Gilles de RaisGilles de RaisGilles de Montmorency-Laval , Baron de Rais, was a Breton knight, a leader in the French army and a companion-in-arms of Joan of Arc. He is best known as a prolific serial killer of children...
, Lord of Ingrande and of Champtocé (1404–1440), Marshal of France in 1429 - André de Laval-MontmorencyAndré de Laval-MontmorencyAndré de Laval-Montmorency, seigneur de Lohéac was a Marshal of France. He was the son of Guy XIII de Laval and Anne de Laval....
, Lord of Lohéac and of Retz (1408–1486), Marshal of France in 1439 - Philippe de CulantPhilippe de CulantPhilippe de Culant was a French nobleman and soldier of the Hundred Years' War.He was a nephew of Louis de Culant, Admiral of France, and the brother of Charles de Culant, and related to Jean de Brosse by marriage. The de Culant family took their name from the village of Culant in the modern...
, Lord of Jaloignes, of La Croisette, of Saint-Armand and of Chalais (died 1454), Marshal of France in 1441 - Jean Poton de XaintraillesJean Poton de XaintraillesJean Poton de Xaintrailles , a minor noble of Gascon origin, was one of the chief lieutenants of Joan of Arc. He served as master of the royal stables, as royal bailiff in Berry and as seneschal of Limousin. In 1454 he was appointed a Marshal of France.He fought at the battle of Verneuil in 1424,...
, Seneschal de Limousin (1390–1461), Marshal of France in 1454
Louis XI, 1461 – 1483
- Joachim Rouhault de Gamaches, Lord of Boismenard (died 1478), Marshal of France in 1461
- Jean de LescunJean de LescunJean de Lescun d'Armagnac , known as “the bastard of Armagnac”, was an ally of king Louis XI of France from before his ascension to the throne....
, Count of Comminges (died 1473), Marshal of France in 1461 - Wolfart VI Van Borselleen, Lord of Vère in Holland and Earl of Buchan in Scotland (died 1487), Marshal of France in 1464
- Pierre de Rohan de Gié, Lord of Rohan (1450–1514), Marshal of France in 1476
Charles VIII, 1483 – 1498
- Philippe de Crèvecœur d'EsquerdesPhilippe de Crèvecœur d'EsquerdesPhilippe de Crèvecœur, seigneur d'Esquerdes , was a French military and a Marshal of France in 1486.He is also known as Maréchal des Cordes ou Maréchal d'Esquerdes.-Biography:...
(1418–1494), Marshal of France in 1486 - Jean de Baudricourt, Lord of Choiseul and Bailiff of Chaumont (died 1499), Marshal of France in 1486
Louis XII, 1498 – 1515
- Jacques de Trivulce, Marquis of Vigevano (1448–1518), Marshal of France in 1499
- Charles d'AmboiseCharles d'AmboiseCharles d'Amboise, Seigneur de Chaumont was a French politician and military figure, who was the French governor of Milan during the reign of Louis XII, and a French commander during the War of the League of Cambrai.-Biography:...
, Lord of Chaumont, of Meillan and of Charenton (1473–1511), Marshal of France in 1506 - Odet de Foix, Vicomte de LautrecOdet de Foix, Vicomte de LautrecOdet de Foix, Vicomte de Lautrec was a French military leader. He gained the reputation of a gallant and able soldier, but this scarcely seems to be justified by the facts; though he was always badly used by fortune....
, Viscount of Lautrec (1485–1528), Marshal of France in 1511 - Robert Stewart, Lord of AubignyRobert Stewart, Lord of AubignyRobert Stewart , Lord of Aubigny, Count of Beaumont-le-Roger, was a French soldier belonging to the family of Stewart of Darnley.Robert was the fourth son of John Stewart, 1st Earl of Lennox and Margaret Montgomerie...
, Count of Lennox (1470–1544), Marshal of France in 1514
Francis I 1515–1547
- Jacques II de ChabannesJacques de la PaliceJacques de la Palice was a French nobleman and military officer. His full name and titles are Jacques II de Chabannes, Lord of La Palice, of Pacy, of Chauverothe, of Bort-le-Comte and of Héron...
, Lord of La Palice (died 1525), Marshal of France in 1515 - Gaspard I de ColignyGaspard I de ColignyGaspard I de Coligny, seigneur de Châtillon , known as the Marshal of Châtillon, was a French soldier. He served in the Italian Wars from 1495 to 1515, and was created Marshal of France in 1516....
, Lord of Châtillon-sur-Loing (died 1522), Marshal of France in 1516 - Thomas de Foix-LescunThomas de Foix-LescunThomas de Foix-Lescun , commonly known as Lescun, was a French commander during the Italian War of 1521, and the brother of Odet de Foix, Vicomte de Lautrec, André de Foix, Lord of Lesparre and Françoise de Foix....
(died 1525), Marshal of France in 1518 - Anne I de MontmorencyAnne de MontmorencyAnne de Montmorency, duc de Montmorency, Honorary Knight of the Garter was a French soldier, statesman and diplomat. He became Marshal of France and Constable of France.-Early life:...
, Duke of Montmorency and of Damville, Count of Beaumont-sur-Oise and of Dammartin, Viscount of Melun, first Baron of France and Grand Master, Constable of FranceConstable of FranceThe Constable of France , as the First Officer of the Crown, was one of the original five Great Officers of the Crown of France and Commander in Chief of the army. He, theoretically, as Lieutenant-general of the King, outranked all the nobles and was second-in-command only to the King...
etc. (1492–1567), Marshal of France in 1522 - Théodor Trivulce (1458–1531), Marshal of France in 1526
- Robert III de La Marck, Duke of Bouillon, Lord of Sedan (1491–1537), Marshal of France in 1526
- Claude d'Annebaut (1500–1552), Marshal of France in 1538
- René de Montjean (died 1538), Lord of Montjean, Marshal of France in 1538
- Oudard du Biez, Seigneur of Le Biez (died 1553), Marshal of France in 1542
- Antoine de Lettes-Desprez, Lord of Montpezat (1490–1544), Marshal of France in 1544
- Jean Caraccioli, Prince of Melphes (1480–1550), Marshal of France in 1544
Henry II 1547-1559
- Jacques d'Albon de Saint-André, Marquis of Fronsac (died 1562), Marshal of France 1547
- Robert IV de La Marck, Duke of Bouillon and Prince of Sedan (1520–1556), Marshal of France in 1547
- Charles I de Cossé, Count of Brissac (1505–1563), Marshal of France in 1550
- Pietro Strozzi (1500–1558), Marshal of France in 1554
- Paul de La Barthe, Lord of Thermes (1482–1558), Marshal of France in 1558
Francis II 1559 – 1560
- François de MontmorencyFrançois de MontmorencyFrançois, Duc de Montmorency was the eldest son of the first Duc de Montmorency, Anne.He was Duke of Montmorency, Count of Dammartin, Baron of Chateaubriant and Lord of L'Isle-Adam. Grand Master of France and Peer of France....
, Duke of Montmorency (1520–1563), Marshal of France in 1559
Charles IX, 1560 – 1574
- François de ScépeauxFrançois de ScépeauxFrançois de Scépeaux de Vieille-Ville , lord of Vieilleville, 1st comte of Durtal, was a French governor, diplomat, ambassador, conseillé du roi and marshal under king Francis I of France. He was also a prominent figure in the French Wars of Religion between the Protestant Huguenots and the...
, Lord of Vieilleville (1509–1571), Marshal of France in 1562 - Imbert de La Plâtrière, Lord of Bourdillon (1524–1567), Marshal of France in 1564
- Henri I de Montmorency, Lord of Damville, Duke of Montmorency, Count of Dammartin and Alais, Baron of Chateaubriant, Lord of Chantilly and Ecouen (1534–1614), Marshal of France in 1566
- Artus de Cossé-Brissac, Lord of Gonnor and Count of Secondigny (died 1582), Marshal of France in 1567
- Gaspard de SaulxGaspard de SaulxGaspard de Saulx, sieur de Tavannes was a French military leader during the Italian Wars and the French Wars of Religion.-Biography:He was born in Dijon....
, Lord of Tavannes (1509–1575), Marshal of France in 1570 - Honorat II de Savoye, Marquis of Villars (died 1580), Marshal of France in 1571
- Albert de GondiAlbert de GondiAlbert de Gondi seigneur du Perron, comte, then marquis de Belle-Isle , duc de Retz , was a marshal of France and a member of the Gondi family. His father was Guidobaldo, seigneur de Perron, who became a banker at Lyon, and his mother was Marie-Catherine de Pierrevive - his siblings included...
, Duke of Retz (1522–1602), Marshal of France in 1573
Henry III 1574 – 1589
- Roger I de Saint Larry, Lord of Bellegarde (died 1579), Marshal of France in 1574
- Blaise de Lasseran-Massencôme, Seigneur de MontlucBlaise de Lasseran-Massencôme, seigneur de MontlucBlaise de Lasseran-Massencôme, seigneur de Montluc was a marshal of France.He was born at the family seat near Condom in the modern département of Gers. Despite being the eldest son of a good family, he had, like most gentlemen of Gascony, to rely on his sword. He was the brother of Jean de...
(1500–1577), Marshal of France in 1574 - Louis Prévost de Sansac, Baron de Sansac (1496–1576), Marshal of France
- Armand de Gontaut, Baron de BironArmand de Gontaut, baron de BironArmand de Gontaut, baron de Biron was a celebrated French soldier of the 16th century.-Biography:His family, one of the numerous branches of the House of Gontaut, took its title from the territory of Biron in Périgord, where on a hill between the Dropt and the Lide still stands the magnificent...
(1524–1592), Marshal of France in 1577 - Jacques de Goyon, Lord of Matignon and of Lesparre, Count of Thorigny, Prince of Mortagne sur Gironde (1525–1597), Marshal of France in 1579
- Jean VI d'AumontAumont familyThe Aumont family take its name from the Duchy of Aumont, a small commune in the department of the Somme. The Duché-Pairie d'Aumont was established in 1665 from the Marquisat of Isles-en-Champagne, the title being granted to Antoine d'Aumont de Rochebaron...
, Baron of Estrabonne, Count of Châteauroux (died 1580), Marshal of France in 1571 - Guillaume de Joyeuse, Viscount of Joyeuse, Lord of Saint-Didier, of Laudun, of Puyvert and of Arques (1520–1592), Marshal of France in 1582
- Charles II de Cossé, Duke of Brissac (1562–1621), Marshal of France
Henry IV 1589 – 1610
- Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, Duc de BouillonHenri de La Tour d'Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne, duc de BouillonHenri de La Tour d'Auvergne was a member of the powerful, House of La Tour d'Auvergne, Prince of Sedan and a marshal of France.-Biography:The vicomte de Turenne was born at the castle of...
(1555–1623), Marshal of France in 1592. - Charles de Gontaut, Duc de Biron (1562–1602), Marshal of France in 1594.
- Claude de La Chatre, Baron de la Maisonfort (1536–1614), Marshal of France in 1594.
- Jean de Montluc de Balagny (1560–1603), Marshal of France in 1594.
- Jean III de Baumanoir, Marquis of Lavardin and Count of Nègrepelisse (1551–1614), Marshal of France in 1595.
- Henri, Duke of Joyeuse (1567–1608), Marshal of France in 1595.
- Urbain de Montmorency-Laval, Marquis of Sablé (1557–1629), Marshal of France in 1595.
- Alphonse d'Ornano (1548–1610), Marshal of France in 1597.
- Guillaume de Hautemer, Count of Grancey (1537–1613), Marshal of France in 1597.
- François de Bonne, Duke of Lesdiguières (1543–1626), Marshal of France in 1608.
Louis XIII, 1610 – 1643
- Concino ConciniConcino ConciniConcino Concini, Count della Penna, Marquis et Maréchal d'Ancre , was an Italian politician, best known for being a minister of Louis XIII of France, as the favourite of his mother.-Life:...
, Marquis of Ancre (1575–1617), Marshal of France in 1613. - Gilles de Courtenvaux, Marquis of Souvré (1540–1626), Marshal of France in 1614.
- Antoine, Baron de RoquelaureAntoine de RoquelaureAntoine de Roquelaure , lord of Roquelaure, Gaudoux, Sainte-Christie, Mirepoix, Montbert, Baron of Lavardens and Biran was an important sixteenth-century French statesman and close collaborator of Henry IV...
(1560–1625), Marshal of France in 1614. - Louis de La Châtre, Baron de Maisonfort (died 1630), Marshal of France in 1616.
- Pons de Lauzières-Thémines-Cardaillac, Marquis of Thémines (1553–1627), Marshal of France in 1616.
- François de La Grange d'Arquien, Lord of Montigny and of Séry in Bérry (1554–1617), Marshal of France in 1616
- Nicolas de L'Hôpital, Duke of Vitry (1581–1644), Marshal of France in 1617
- Charles de Choiseul-Praslin, Marquis of Praslin (1563–1626), Marshal of France in 1619
- Jean François de La Guiche, Count of La Palice (1569–1632), Marshal of France in 1619.
- Honoré d'Albert d'Ailly, Duke of Chaulnes (1581–1649), Marshal of France in 1620.
- François d'Esparbes de Lussan, Viscount of Aubeterre (died 1628), Marshal of France in 1620.
- Charles de Créquy, Prince of Poix, Duke of Lesdiguières (1580–1638), Marshal of France in 1621.
- Jacques Nompar de Caumont, Duke of La ForceJacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de la ForceJacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force was a marshal of France and peer of France.He was born in La Force, the son of Francois de Caumont and Philippes de Beaupoil....
(1558–1652), Marshal of France in 1621. - François, Marquis of BassompierreFrançois de BassompierreFrançois de Bassompierre was a French courtier.The son of Christophe de Bassompierre , he was born at the castle of Haroué in Lorraine...
(1579–1646), Marshal of France in 1622. - Gaspard de Coligny, Duke of ChâtillonGaspard III de ColignyGaspard III de Coligny, Maréchal de Châtillon, of the House of Coligny , comte de Coligny and seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Loing, then duc de Coligny, marquis d'Andelot, Peer of France, Marshal of France , was a French Protestant general.He was the son of François de Coligny and his wife Marguerite...
(1584–1646), Marshal of France in 1622. - Henri de SchombergHenri de SchombergHenri de Schomberg , comte de Nanteuil, was a Marshal of France during the reign of Louis XIII.Schomberg was born at Paris. Superintendent of Finances from 1619 to 1622. He became Marshal of France in 1625....
(1574–1632), Marshal of France in 1625. - Jean Baptiste d'Ornano (1581–1626), Marshal of France in 1626
- François Annibal, Duc d'EstréesFrançois Annibal d'EstréesFrançois-Annibal d'Estrées, duc d'Estrées was a French diplomat, military and Marshal of France.-Life:François-Annibal was the son of Antoine d'Estrées and brother of Gabrielle d'Estrées, the lover of Henry IV of France...
(1573–1670), Marshal of France in 1626. - Timoléon d'Epinay de Saint-Luc (1580–1644), Marshal of France in 1627.
- Louis de Marillac, Count of Beaumont-le-Roger (1572–1632), Marshal of France in 1629.
- Henri II, Duke of Montmorency and of DamvilleHenri II de MontmorencyHenri II de Montmorency was a French nobleman and military commander.Born at Chantilly, Oise, he was the son of duke Henry I, whom he succeeded in 1614, having previously been made grand admiral...
, also Admiral of FranceAdmiral of FranceThe title Admiral of France is one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France, the naval equivalent of Marshal of France.The title was created in 1270 by Louis IX of France, during the Eighth Crusade. At the time it was equivalent to the office of Constable of France. The Admiral was responsible...
(1595–1632), Marshal of France in 1630. - Jean Caylar d'Anduze de Saint-Bonnet, Marquis of ToirasJean Caylar d'Anduze de Saint-BonnetJean Caylar d'Anduze de Saint-Bonnet, Marquis de Toiras , often just called Toiras, was a Marshal of France of the 17th century.Toiras fought against Soubise in the Capture of Ré island in 1622...
(1585–1636), Marshal of France in 1630. - Antoine Coëffier de Ruzé, Marquis of Effiat (1581–1632), Marshal of France in 1631.
- Urbain de Maillé, Marquis of BrézéUrbain de Maillé-BrézéUrbain de Maillé-Brézé , was a Marshal of France during the Thirty Years' War and Franco-Spanish War .- Biography :...
(1597–1650), Marshal of France in 1632. - Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully (1560–1641), Marshal of France in 1634.
- Charles de Schomberg, Duke of Halluin (1601–1656), Marshal of France in 1637.
- Charles de La Porte, Marquis of Meilleraye (1602–1664), Marshal of France in 1639.
- Antoine III, Duke of GramontAntoine III de GramontAntoine III Agénor de Gramont-Toulongeon, duc de Gramont, comte de Guiche, comte de Gramont, comte de Louvigny, Souverain de Bidache, was a French military man and diplomat...
(1604–1678), Marshal of France in 1641. - Jean-Baptiste Budes, Count of Guébriant (1602–1643), Marshal of France in 1642.
- Philippe de La Mothe-Houdancourt, Duke of CardonaPhilippe de La Mothe-HoudancourtPhilippe, comte de la Mothe-Houdancourt , Duke of Cardona, was French Viceroy of Catalonia and a Marshal of France who fought in the Thirty Years' War.-Biography:...
(1605–1657), Marshal of France in 1642. - François de L'Hôpital, Count of Rosnay (1583–1660), Marshal of France in 1643.
- Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de TurenneHenri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de TurenneHenri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne,often called simply Turenne was the most illustrious member of the La Tour d'Auvergne family. He achieved military fame and became a Marshal of France...
(1611–1675), Marshal of France in 1643, Marshal General of FranceMarshal General of FranceThe title Marshal General of France or more exactly "Marshal General of the King's camps and armies" was given to signify that the recipient had authority over all the French armies in the days when a Marshal governed only one army usually...
in 1660. - Jean, Count of GassionJean de GassionJean, comte de Gassion was a Gascon military commander for France, prominent at the battle of Rocroi who reached the rank of Marshal of France at the age of thirty-four...
, (1609–1647), Marshal of France in 1643.
Louis XIV, 1643 – 1715
- César, Duke of Choiseul (1598–1675), Marshal of France in 1645
- Josias, Count of Rantzau (1609–1650), Marshal of France in 1645
- Nicolas de Neufville, Duke of Villeroi (1597–1685), Marshal of France in 1646
- Antoine d'Aumont de Rochebaron, Duc d'Aumont (1601–1669), Marshal of France in 1651
- Jacques d'Étampes, Marquis of la Ferté-Imbert (1590–1663), Marshal of France in 1651
- Henri, Duke of la Ferté-SenneterreHenri de La Ferté-SenneterreHenri II de La Ferté-Senneterre was a marshal of France and governor of Lorraine.- Life :The son of Henri I de La Ferté-Senneterre, a minister from an old knightly family in the Auvergne, Henri II was destined for a military career and fought for the first time under Maurice of Nassau, leader of...
(1600–1681), Marshal of France in 1651 - Charles de Mouchy, Marquis d'Hocquincourt (1599–1658), Marshal of France in 1651
- Jacques Rouxel, Count of Grancey (1603–1680), Marshal of France in 1651
- Armand Nompar de Caumont, Duke of La Force (1582–1672), Marshal of France in 1652
- Philippe de Clérambault, Count of la Palluau (1606–1665), Marshal of France in 1652
- César Phoebus d'Albret, Count of MiossensCésar Phoebus d'Albret, Count of MiossensCésar Phoebus d'Albret , comte de Miossens, was a French soldier, a Marshal of France under Louis XIV, his distant cousin, and a court gallant...
(1614–1676), Marshal of France in 1653 - Louis de Foucault de Saint-Germain Beaupré Count of Le Daugnon (1616–1659), Marshal of France in 1653
- Jean de Schulemberg, Count of Montejeu (1597–1671), Marshal of France in 1658
- Abraham de Fabert, Marquis of EsternayAbraham de FabertAbraham de Fabert, marquis d'Esternay was a Marshal of France,He was the son of Abraham Fabert, seigneur de Moulins , a famous printer who rendered great services, civil and military, to Henry IV....
(1599–1662), Marshal of France in 1658 - Jacques de Mauvisière, Marquis of Castelnau (1620–1658), Marshal of France in 1658
- Bernardin Gigault, Marquis of BellefondsBernardin Gigault de BellefondsBernardin Gigault de Bellefonds was a French general and marshal of France.-Biography:He was a member of the noble Gigault de Bellefonds family. He was the cousin of academic Charles-Irénée Castel de Saint-Pierre and of general Claude Louis Hector de Villars. In 1643, at the death of his father,...
(1630–1694), Marshal of France in 1668 - François de CréquyFrançois de CréquyFrançois, chevalier de Créquy and marquis de Marines was marshal of France.-Life:He was born in the military Créquy family dating back to the 10th century....
, Marquis of Marines (1620–1687), Marshal of France in 1668 - Louis de Crevant, Duke of HumièresLouis de Crevant, Duke of HumièresLouis de Crévant, Duc d'Humières was a Marshal of France and Governor of Compiègne, Bourbonnais and Lille.He was present at the Battle of the Dunes, and participated in the Franco-Dutch war under Turenne. He was made Marshal of France in 1668...
(1628–1694), Marshal of France in 1668 - Godefroy d'Estrades, Count of Estrades (1607–1686), Marshal of France in 1675
- Philippe de Montaut-Bénac, Duke of Navailles (1619–1684), Marshal of France in 1675
- Frédéric Armand, Duke of SchombergFrederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of SchombergFriedrich Hermann , 1st Duke of Schomberg , KG , was a marshal of France and a General in the English and Portuguese Army....
(1616–1690), Marshal of France in 1675 - Jacques Henri de Durfort, Duke of DurasJacques Henri de Durfort de DurasJacques Henri de Durfort, Duke of Duras was marshal of France.-Life:Jacques Henri was the oldest son of Guy Aldonce de Durfort , marquis of Duras, count of Rozan and of Lorges, maréchal de camp and of Élisabeth de La Tour d'Auvergne, sister of Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, better known as...
(1626–1704), Marshal of France in 1675 - François d'Aubusson, Duke of la FeuilladeFrançois d'Aubusson de La FeuilladeFrançois d'Aubusson de La Feuillade, Duc de Roannis was a French officer and noble who eventually rose to become a Marshal of France. La Feuillade was the colonel-general of the Gardes Francaises from 1672 until his death....
(1625–1691), Marshal of France in 1675 - Louis Victor de Rochechouart, Duke of Mortemart le Maréchal de VivonneLouis Victor de Rochechouart de MortemartLouis Victor de Rochechouart de Mortemart, Duke of Mortemart was a French nobleman and member of the ancient House of Rochechouart. His father Gabriel de Rochechouart de Mortemart was a childhood friend of Louis XIII...
(1636–1688), Marshal of France in 1675 - François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg (1628–1695), Marshal of France in 1675
- Henri Louis d'Aloigny, Marquis of Rochefort (1636–1676), Marshal of France in 1675
- Guy de Durfort, Duke of LorgesGuy Aldonce de Durfort de LorgesGuy Aldonce de Durfort, duc de Lorges, marshal of France, , was a French nobleman and soldier.Guy Aldonce was the fourth son of Guy Aldonce de Durfort , marquis of Duras, count of Rozan and of Lorges, maréchal de camp, and Élisabeth de La Tour d'Auvergne, daughter of Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne and...
(1630–1702), Marshal of France in 1676 - Jean II, Count of EstréesJean II d'EstréesJean II d'Estrées, , was a Marshal of France, and an important naval commander of Louis XIV.Jean d'Estrées was born in a noble family from Picardie...
1624 - 1707), Marshal of France in 1681 - Claude de Choiseul, Marquis of Francières (1632–1711), Marshal of France in 1693
- Jean Armand de Joyeuse, Marquis of GrandpréJean-Armand de Joyeuse, Marquis de GrandpréJean-Armand de Joyeuse , Marquis de Grandpré and Baron de Verpel, was a soldier and Marshal of France during the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries.-Early life and career:...
(1632–1710), Marshal of France in 1693 - François de Neufville, Duke of VilleroiFrançois de Neufville, duc de VilleroiFrançois de Neufville, 2ème duc de Villeroy was a French soldier.-Biography:Villeroy was born in Lyon into noble family which had risen into prominence in the reign of Charles IX....
(1644–1730), Marshal of France in 1693 - Louis François, duc de Boufflers, comte de Cagny (1664–1711), Marshal of France in 1693
- Anne-Hilarion de Costentin, Count of TourvilleAnne Hilarion de TourvilleAnne Hilarion de Costentin, comte de Tourville was a French naval commander who served under King Louis XIV. He was made Marshal of France in 1693.-Military career:...
(1642–1701), Marshal of France in 1693 - Anne-Jules, 2nd duc de NoaillesAnne-Jules, 2nd duc de NoaillesAnne Jules de Noailles, 2th Duke of Noailles was one of the chief generals of France towards the end of the reign of Louis XIV, and, after raising the regiment of Noailles in 1689, he commanded in Spain during both the War of the Grand Alliance and the War of the Spanish Succession, and was made...
(1650–1708), Marshal of France in 1693 - Nicolas CatinatNicolas CatinatNicolas Catinat was a French military commander and Marshal of France under Louis XIV. The son of a magistrate, Catinat was born in Paris on 1 September 1637...
(1637–1712), Marshal of France in 1693 - Louis Joseph de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme (1654–1712), Marshal of France in 1695
- Claude Louis Hector, Duke of VillarsClaude Louis Hector de VillarsClaude Louis Hector de Villars, Prince de Martigues, Marquis then Duc de Villars, Vicomte de Melun was the last great general of Louis XIV of France and one of the most brilliant commanders in French military history, one of only six Marshals who have been promoted to Marshal General of...
(1653–1734), Marshal of France in 1702, Marshal General of FranceMarshal General of FranceThe title Marshal General of France or more exactly "Marshal General of the King's camps and armies" was given to signify that the recipient had authority over all the French armies in the days when a Marshal governed only one army usually...
in 1733 - Noël Bouton, Marquis of Chamilly (1636–1715), Marshal of France in 1703
- Victor Marie, Duc d'EstréesVictor-Marie d'EstréesVictor Marie d'Estrées, count then duke d'Estrées was a Marshal of France.-Biography:...
(1660–1737), Marshal of France in 1703 - François Louis Rousselet, Marquis of Château-Renault (1637–1716), Marshal of France in 1703
- Sébastien Le Prestre, Marquis of VaubanVaubanSébastien Le Prestre, Seigneur de Vauban and later Marquis de Vauban , commonly referred to as Vauban, was a Marshal of France and the foremost military engineer of his age, famed for his skill in both designing fortifications and breaking through them...
(1633–1707), Marshal of France in 1703 - Conrad, Marquis of Rosen (1628–1715), Marshal of France in 1703
- Nicolas Chalon du Blé, Marquis of Huxelles (1652–1730), Marshal of France in 1703
- René de Froulay, Count of TesséRené de Froulay de TesséRené de Froulay, comte de Tessé was a French Marshal and diplomat.- Military career :Tessé was born at Le Mans...
(1651–1725), Marshal of France in 1703 - Camille d'Hostun, duc de TallardCamille d'Hostun, duc de TallardCamille d'Hostun de la Baume, duc de Tallard was a French noble, diplomat and military commander, who became Marshal of France.-Military career:...
(1652–1728), Marshal of France in 1703 - Nicolas Auguste de La Baume, Marquis of Montrevel (1636–1716), Marshal of France in 1703
- Henry, duc d'Harcourt (1654–1718), Marshal of France in 1703
- Ferdinand, Count of MarsinFerdinand de MarsinFerdinand, comte de Marsin was a French general and diplomat, who was Marshal of France.-Biography:...
(1656–1706), Marshal of France in 1703 - James FitzJames, 1st Duke of BerwickJames FitzJames, 1st Duke of BerwickJames FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, 1st Duke of Fitz-James, 1st Duke of Liria and Jérica was an Anglo-French military leader, illegitimate son of King James II of England by Arabella Churchill, sister of the 1st Duke of Marlborough...
(1670–1734), Marshal of France in 1706 - Charles Auguste Goyon, Count of Matignon (1647–1729), Marshal of France in 1708
- Jacques de Bazin, Marquis of Bezons (1645–1733), Marshal of France in 1709
- Pierre de Montesquiou, Count of ArtagnanPierre de Montesquiou d'ArtagnanPierre de Montesquiou, comte d'Artagnan and later comte de Montesquiou was a French soldier and Marshal of France....
(1645–1725), Marshal of France in 1709 N.B. : not the famous D'ArtagnanD'ArtagnanCharles Ogier de Batz de Castelmore, Comte d'Artagnan served Louis XIV as captain of the Musketeers of the Guard and died at the Siege of Maastricht in the Franco-Dutch War. A fictionalized account of his life by Gatien de Courtilz de Sandras formed the basis for the d'Artagnan Romances of...
, but a relative
Louis XV, 1715 – 1774
- Victor-Maurice, comte de BroglieVictor-Maurice, comte de BroglieVictor-Maurice, comte de Broglie was a French soldier and general.The son of François-Marie, comte de Broglie, he served under Condé, Turenne, and other commanders of the age of Louis XIV in the Franco-Dutch War and other conflicts.He was named maréchal de camp in 1676, lieutenant-general in 1688,...
(1646–1727), Marshal of France in 1724 - Antoine Gaston Jean Baptiste, Duke of Roquelaure (1656–1738), Marshal of France in 1724
- Jacques Rouxel, Count of Grancey and of MédavyJacques Eléonor Rouxel de GranceyJacques Eléonor Rouxel, comte de Grancey, comte de Médavy was a Marshal of France.He was the grandson of Jacques Rouxel de Grancey , also Marshal of France....
(1655–1725), Marshal of France in 1724 - Éléonor du Maine, Count of Le Bourg (1655–1739), Marshal of France in 1724
- Yves, marquis d'Alègre (1653–1733), Marshal of France in 1724
- Louis d'Aubusson, Duke of la FeuilladeLouis d'Aubusson de la FeuilladeLouis d'Aubusson de la Feuillade, duc de Roannais was a Marshal of France 1724 -1725.-Early life:La Feuillade, born on 30 March 1673, was the son of François d'Aubusson de La Feuillade, also a Marshal of France, and Charlotte de Gouffier...
(1673–1725), Marshal of France in 1724 - Antoine V, Duke of GramontAntoine V de GramontAntoine V de Gramont , Duke of Guiche, French military figure and member of the Gramont family. He was the oldest child of Antoine Charles IV de Gramont and Marie Charlotte de Castelnau. At the age of thirteen, he became a musketeer and by 1687 he had become head of his regiment and had married the...
(1671–1725), Marshal of France in 1724 - Alain Emmanuel, Marquis of CoëtlogonAlain Emmanuel de CoëtlogonAlain Emmanuel de Coëtlogon , was a Marshal of France during the reign of Louis XIV and Louis XV....
(1646–1730), Marshal of France in 1730 - Charles de Gontaut, Duke of Biron (1663–1756), Marshal of France in 1734
- Jacques de Chastenet, Marquis of Puységur (1665–1743), Marshal of France in 1734
- Claude Bidal, Marquis of AsfeldClaude François Bidal d'AsfeldClaude François Bidal, marquis d'Asfeld , was a French Marshal of France.He was the son of Pierre Bidal , a French merchant and banker who did business with Christina of Sweden....
(1665–1743), Marshal of France in 1734 - Adrien-Maurice, 3rd duc de NoaillesAdrien-Maurice, 3rd duc de NoaillesAdrien Maurice de Noailles, 3rd Duke of Noailles was a French aristocrat and soldier.-Biography:Son of Anne Jules de Noailles, he inherited the title duc de Noailles on his father's death in 1708....
(1678–1766), Marshal of France in 1734 - Christian Louis de Montmorency-Luxembourg, Prince de TingryChristian Louis de Montmorency-LuxembourgChristian Louis de Montmorency-Luxembourg, comte de Beaumont , prince de Tingry , comte de Luxe, was a Marshal of France ....
(1713–1787), Marshal of France in 1734 - François Marie II, Duke of BroglieFrançois-Marie, 1st duc de BroglieFrançois-Marie de Broglie, 1er duc de Broglie was a French military leader.-Early years:Francois Marie de Broglie was the third son of Victor Maurice de Broglie, comte de Broglie, named for his grandfather, François Marie...
(1671–1745), Marshal of France in 1734 - François de Franquetot, Duke of CoignyFrançois de Franquetot de CoignyFrançois de Franquetot de Coigny was a Marshal of France, Count, and from 1747, the Duke of Coigny.He was born in the Coigny château near Coutances, Normandy as son of Robert-Jean de Coigny, and Marie-Françoise de Matignon. His uncle was Charles-Auguste de Goyon-Matignon, Marshal of France and his...
(1670–1759), Marshal of France in 1734 - Charles, Duke of Lévis-Charlus (1669–1734), Marshal of France in 1734
- Louis de Brancas de Forcalquier, Marquis of Céreste (1671–1750), Marshal of France in 1740
- Louis Auguste d'Albert d'Ailly, Duke of Chaulnes (1676–1744), Marshal of France in 1741
- Louis Armand de Brichanteau, Duke of Nangis (1682–1742), Marshal of France in 1741
- Louis de Gand de Mérode de Montmorency, prince d'Isenghien (1678–1762), Marshal of France in 1741
- Jean-Baptiste de Durfort, Duke of Duras (1684–1778), Marshal of France in 1741
- Jean-Baptiste Desmarets, Marquis of Maillebois (1682–1762), Marshal of France in 1741
- Charles Fouquet, Duke of Belle-Isle, called the Marshal of Belle-Isle (1684–1762), Marshal of France in 1741
- Maurice, comte de SaxeMaurice, comte de SaxeMaurice de Saxe was a German in French service who was Marshal and later also Marshal General of France.-Childhood:...
, (1696–1750), Marshal of France in 1741, Marshal General of FranceMarshal General of FranceThe title Marshal General of France or more exactly "Marshal General of the King's camps and armies" was given to signify that the recipient had authority over all the French armies in the days when a Marshal governed only one army usually...
in 1747 - Jean-Baptiste Andrault, Marquis of MaulévrierJean-Baptiste Louis Andrault de MaulévrierJean-Baptiste Louis Andrault, marquis de Maulévrier was a French military and diplomat.He served as aide de camp of Marshal Nicolas Catinat in Italy....
(1677–1754), Marshal of France in 1745 - Claude Testu, Marquis of Balincourt (1680–1770), Marshal of France in 1746
- Philippe Charles, Marquis of la Fare (1687–1752), Marshal of France in 1746
- François, duc d'Harcourt (1689–1750), Marshal of France in 1746
- Guy, Count of Monmorency-Laval (1677–1751), Marshal of France in 1747
- Gaspard, Duke of Clermont-TonnerreGaspard de Clermont-TonnerreGaspard de Clermont-Tonnerre , was a French noble, descendant of a family which traced its origins to the 12th century. His chief title was that of Marquis of Cruzy and Vauvillers, later 1st Duc de Clermont-Tonnerre, a new creation which elevated him to the Peerage of France...
1688 - 1781, Marshal of France in 1747 - Louis Claude, Marquis of La Mothe-Houdancourt (1687–1755), Marshal of France in 1747
- Ulrich, Count of Löwendahl (1700–1755), Marshal of France in 1747
- Louis François Armand du Plessis, duc de RichelieuLouis François Armand du Plessis, duc de RichelieuArmand de Vignerot du Plessis was a French soldier, diplomat and statesman. Joining the army, he participated in three major wars and eventually rose to the rank of Marshal of France....
(1696–1788), Marshal of France in 1748 - Jean de Fay, Marquis of la Tour-Maubourg (1684–1764), Marshal of France in 1757
- Louis Antoine de GontautLouis Antoine de GontautLouis Antoine de Gontaut-Biron, duc de Biron was Duke of Biron and a French military leader who served with distinction under Louis XV, and was made a Marshal of France in 1757....
, (1701–1788), Count (afterwards Duke) of Biron, Marshal of France in 1757 - Daniel François de Gélas de Voisons d'Ambres, Viscount of Lautrec (1686–1762), Marshal of France in 1757
- Charles François Frédéric de Montmorency, Duke of Piney-Luxembourg (1702–1764), Marshal of France in 1757
- Louis Le Tellier, Duc d'Estrées (1695–1771), Marshal of France in 1757
- Jean Charles de la Ferté, Marquis of La Ferté Senneterre (1685–1770), Marshal of France in 1757
- Charles O'Brien de Thomond, Count of Thomond and of Clare (1699–1761), Marshal of France in 1757
- Gaston de Lévis, Duke of MirepoixCharles-Pierre-Gaston François de Lévis, duc de Lévis-MirepoixGaston Pierre de Lévis, known as the duc de Lévis-Mirepoix , maréchal de France and ambassador of Louis XV, was a member of a house that had been established in Languedoc as seigneurs of Mirepoix, Ariège since the 11th century.The chef de cuisine of the duc de Lévis-Mirepoix established the...
(1699–1758), Marshal of France in 1757 - Ladislas Ignace de BerchenyLadislas Ignace de BerchenyLadislas Ignace de Bercheny was a Hungary-born soldier who became Marshal of France.-Life:...
, (1689–1778), Marshal of France in 1758 - Hubert de Brienne, Count of Conflans (1690–1777), Marshal of France in 1758
- Louis Georges, Marquis of ContadesLouis Georges Érasme de ContadesLouis Georges Érasme de Contades was the 6th Marquis de Contades and Seigneur de Montgeoffroi. He was a Marshal of France and a major battlefield commander during the Seven Years' War. He notably commanded the French forces at the 1759 Battle of Minden.He was born to Gaspard de Contades and his...
, (1704–1793), Marshal of France in 1758 - Charles de Rohan, Prince of Soubise (1715–1787), Marshal of France in 1758
- Victor François, Duke de BroglieVictor-François, 2nd duc de BroglieVictor François de Broglie, 2nd duc de Broglie was a French aristocrat and soldier and a marshal of France...
(1718–1804), Marshal of France in 1759 - Guy Michel de Durfort de Lorge, Duke of Randan (1704–1773), Marshal of France in 1768
- Louis de Brienne de Conflans, Marquis of Armentières (1711–1774), Marshal of France in 1768
- Jean de Cossé, Duke of Brissac (1698–1780), Marshal of France in 1768
Louis XVI, 1774 – 1792
- Anne Pierre, Duke of HarcourtAnne Pierre d'HarcourtAnne Pierre d'Harcourt was a French nobleman, notable as a duke of Harcourt and the fourth marshal of France from the House of Harcourt. He was the great grandson of Abraham de Fabert....
(1701–1783), Marshal of France since 24.3.1775 - Louis, 4th duc de NoaillesLouis, 4th duc de NoaillesLouis de Noailles, 4th Duke of Noailles was a French peer and Marshal of France. He married Catherine de Cossé-Brissac, on 25 February 1737...
(1713–1793), Marshal of France since 24.3.1775 - Antoine, Count of NicolaïNicolayNicolay may refer to:* Nicolay , Dutch musician* Nicolay de Caveri, Genoese cartographer* Nicolay , an influential French family in the 15th to 18th centuriesPeople with surname Nicolay:...
(1712–1787), Marshal of France since 24.3.1775 - Charles, Duke of Fitz-James (1712–1787), Marshal of France since 24.3.1775
- Philippe, Duke of MouchyPhilippe de Noailles, duc de MouchyPhilippe de Noailles, comte de Noailles and later prince de Poix, duc de Mouchy, and duc de Poix à brevêt , was a younger brother of Louis de Noailles, and a more distinguished soldier than his brother...
(1715–1794), Marshal of France since 24.3.1775 - Emmanuel de Durfort, Duke of Duras (1715–1789), Marshal of France since 24.3.1775
- Louis Nicolas, Duc du Muy (1702–1775), Marshal of France since 24.3.1775
- Claude, Count of Saint-Germain (1707–1778), Marshal of France since 24.3.1775
- Guy de Montmorency, Duke of Laval (1723–1798), Marshal of France since 13.6.1783
- Augustin, Count of Mailly (1708–1794), Marshal of France since 13.6.1783
- Henri Bouchard de Lussan, Marquis of Aubeterre (1714–1788), Marshal of France since 13.6.1783
- Charles de Beauvau, Prince of Beauvau-Craon (1720–1793), Marshal of France since 13.6.1783
- Noël Jourda, Count of VauxNoël Jourda de VauxNoël Jourda de Vaux , comte de Vaux, seigneur d'Artiac was a French nobleman and General. He oversaw the conquest of the Corsican Republic in 1769. He was given command of land forces in the planned Franco-Spanish Invasion of Britain in 1779, but this was abandoned. He became a Marshal of France in...
(1705–1788), Marshal of France since 13.6.1783 - Philippe Henri, marquis de SégurPhilippe Henri, marquis de SégurPhilippe Henri, marquis de Ségur was a marshal of France.Born in Paris, son of Henri François, comte de Ségur, and his wife Philippe Angélique de Froissy, he was appointed to the command of an infantry regiment at eighteen, and served under his father in Italy and Bohemia...
(1724–1801), Marshal of France since 13.6.1783 - Jacques de Choiseul-Stainville, Count of Choiseul (1727–1789), Marshal of France since 13.6.1783
- Charles de La Croix, Marquis of Castries (1727–1800), Marshal of France since 13.6.1783
- Anne Emmanuel, Duke of CroÿAnne Emmanuel de CroÿAnne Emanuel Ferdinand Francois Duke of Croy was a French soldier of the 18th century who attained the rank of Marshal of France....
(1718–1787), Marshal of France since 13.6.1783 - François Gaston de Lévis, Duc de Lévis (1719–1787), Marshal of France since 13.6.1783
- Nicolas LucknerNicolas LucknerNikolaus, Count Luckner was a German in French service who rose to become a Marshal of France. ....
, Comte Luckner (1722–1794), Marshal of France since 28.12.1791 - Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de RochambeauJean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de RochambeauMarshal of France Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau was a French nobleman and general who participated in the American Revolutionary War as the commander-in-chief of the French Expeditionary Force which came to help the American Continental Army...
(1725–1807), Marshal of France since 28.12.1791
Napoleon I, 1804 – 1814/1815
Napoleon created twenty-six Marshalls of the Empire:- Louis Alexandre BerthierLouis Alexandre BerthierLouis Alexandre Berthier, 1st Prince de Wagram, 1st Duc de Valangin, 1st Sovereign Prince de Neuchâtel , was a Marshal of France, Vice-Constable of France beginning in 1808, and Chief of Staff under Napoleon.-Early life:Alexandre was born at Versailles to Lieutenant-Colonel Jean Baptiste Berthier ,...
, Prince of Neufchatel and of Wagram, Duke of Valengin. (1753–1815), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - Joachim MuratJoachim MuratJoachim-Napoléon Murat , Marshal of France and Grand Admiral or Admiral of France, 1st Prince Murat, was Grand Duke of Berg from 1806 to 1808 and then King of Naples from 1808 to 1815...
, Prince d'Empire, Grand Duke of Berg, King of Naples (1767–1815), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - Bon Adrien Jeannot de MonceyBon Adrien Jeannot de MonceyBon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey , 1st Duke of Conegliano, 1st Baron of Conegliano, Peer of France , Marshal of France, was a prominent soldier in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars....
, Duke of Conégliano (1754–1842), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - Jean-Baptiste JourdanJean-Baptiste JourdanJean-Baptiste Jourdan, 1st Comte Jourdan , enlisted as a private in the French royal army and rose to command armies during the French Revolutionary Wars. Emperor Napoleon I of France named him a Marshal of France in 1804 and he also fought in the Napoleonic Wars. After 1815, he became reconciled...
, Count Jourdan (1762–1833), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - André MassénaAndré MassénaAndré Masséna 1st Duc de Rivoli, 1st Prince d'Essling was a French military commander during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars....
, Duke of Rivoli, Prince of Essling (1758–1817), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - Pierre François Charles Augereau, Duke of Castiglione (1757–1816), Marshal of the Empire in 1804
- Jean Baptiste Jules BernadotteCharles XIV John of SwedenCharles XIV & III John, also Carl John, Swedish and Norwegian: Karl Johan was King of Sweden and King of Norway from 1818 until his death...
(1763–1844), Prince of Ponte Corvo, King of Sweden and Norway under the name Charles XIV John (1818-1844), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - Guillaume Marie Anne BruneGuillaume Marie Anne BruneGuillaume Marie Anne Brune, 1st Comte Brune was a French soldier and political figure who rose to Marshal of France....
, Count Brune (1763–1815), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - Jean de Dieu Soult, Duke of Dalmatie (1769–1851), Marshal of the Empire in 1804, Marshal General of FranceMarshal General of FranceThe title Marshal General of France or more exactly "Marshal General of the King's camps and armies" was given to signify that the recipient had authority over all the French armies in the days when a Marshal governed only one army usually...
in 1847 - Jean LannesJean LannesJean Lannes, 1st Duc de Montebello, was a Marshal of France. He was one of Napoleon's most daring and talented generals. Napoleon once commented on Lannes: "I found him a pygmy and left him a giant"...
, Duke of Montebello (1769–1809), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph MortierÉdouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph MortierÉdouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, 1st Duc de Trévise was a French general and Marshal of France under Napoleon I.-Biography:...
, Duke of Trévise (1768–1835), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - Michel NeyMichel NeyMichel Ney , 1st Duc d'Elchingen, 1st Prince de la Moskowa was a French soldier and military commander during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He was one of the original 18 Marshals of France created by Napoleon I...
, Duke of Elchingen, Prince of la Moscowa (1769–1815), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - Louis Nicolas DavoutLouis Nicolas DavoutLouis-Nicolas d'Avout , better known as Davout, 1st Duke of Auerstaedt, 1st Prince of Eckmühl, was a Marshal of France during the Napoleonic Era. His prodigious talent for war along with his reputation as a stern disciplinarian, earned him the title "The Iron Marshal"...
, Duke of Auerstaedt, Prince of Eckmühl (1770–1823), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - Jean-Baptiste BessièresJean-Baptiste BessièresJean-Baptiste Bessières, 1st Duc d' Istria was a Marshal of France of the Napoleonic Era. His younger brother, Bertrand, followed in his footsteps and eventually became a Divisional General...
, Duke of Istria (1768–1813), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 - François Christophe de KellermannFrançois Christophe de KellermannFrançois Christophe Kellermann or de Kellermann, 1st Duc de Valmy was a French military commander, later the Général d'Armée, and a Marshal of France...
, Duke of Valmy (1737–1820), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 (Honorary) - François Joseph LefebvreFrançois Joseph LefebvreFrançois Joseph Lefebvre, First Duc de Dantzig was a French military commander during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars and one of the original eighteen Marshals of the Empire created by Napoleon....
, Duke of Danzig (1755–1820), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 (Honorary) - Dominique Catherine de Pérignon, Marquis of Grenade (1754–1818), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 (Honorary)
- Jean-Mathieu-Philibert SérurierJean-Mathieu-Philibert SérurierJean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier, 1st Comte Sérurier , was a French soldier and political figure who rose to the rank of Marshal of France.-Early life:...
, Count Sérurier (1742–1819), Marshal of the Empire in 1804 (Honorary) - Claude VictorClaude Victor-Perrin, duc de BellunoClaude Victor-Perrin, First Duc de Belluno was a French soldier and military commander during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars...
, Duke of Bellune (1764–1841), Marshal of the Empire in 1807 - Jacques MacDonald, Duke of Tarento (1765–1840), Marshal of the Empire in 1809
- Nicolas Charles Oudinot, Duke of Reggio (1767–1847), Marshal of the Empire in 1809
- Auguste Frédéric Louis Viesse de Marmont, Duke of Ragusa (1774–1852), Marshal of the Empire in 1809
- Louis Gabriel SuchetLouis Gabriel SuchetLouis Gabriel Suchet, 1st Duc d'Albufera was a Marshal of France and one of Napoleon's most brilliant generals.-Early career:...
, Duke of Albufera (1770–1826), Marshal of the Empire in 1811 - Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr, Marquis of Gouvion-Saint-Cyr (1764–1830), Marshal of the Empire in 1812
- Józef Antoni PoniatowskiJózef Antoni PoniatowskiPrince Józef Antoni Poniatowski was a Polish leader, general, minister of war and army chief, who became a Marshal of France.-Early Austrian years and war with Turkey:...
, Prince Poniatowski (1763–1813), Marshal of the Empire in 1813 - Emmanuel de Grouchy, marquis de Grouchy, (1766–1847), Marshal of the Empire in 1815
The names of many of these have been given to successive stretches of an avenue encircling Paris, which has thus been nicknamed the Boulevards des Maréchaux (Boulevards of the Marshals).
Louis XVIII, 1815 – 1824
- Georges CadoudalGeorges CadoudalGeorges Cadoudal , sometimes called simply Georges, was a French/Breton politician, and leader of the Chouannerie during the French Revolution....
(1771-1804), Marshal of France in 1814 (posthumous) - Jean Victor Marie MoreauJean Victor Marie MoreauJean Victor Marie Moreau was a French general who helped Napoleon Bonaparte to power, but later became a rival and was banished to the United States.- Early life :Moreau was born at Morlaix in Brittany...
(1763-1813), Marshal of France in 1814 (posthumous) - François-Henri de Franquetot de CoignyFrançois-Henri de Franquetot de CoignyFrançois-Henri de Franquetot de Coigny, 1er duc de Coigny was a Marshal of France.The grandson of another Marshal of France, François de Franquetot de Coigny, he entered the musketeers at age fifteen. When he was eleven, his father, Jean, Marquis de Coigny , was killed in a duel...
, Duke of Coigny (1737–1821), Marshal of France in 1816 - Henri Jacques Guillaume ClarkeHenri Jacques Guillaume ClarkeHenri-Jacques-Guillaume Clarke, 1st Count of Hunebourg, 1st Duke of Feltre , born in Landrecies, was a Marshal of France and French politician of Irish descent.Clarke entered the French army in 1782...
, Duke of Feltre (1765–1818), Marshal of France in 1816 - Pierre Riel de Beurnonville, Marquis of Beurnonville (1752–1821), Marshal of France in 1816
- Charles Joseph Hyacinthe du Houx de ViomesnilCharles du Houx de ViomesnilCharles Joseph Hyacinthe du Houx de Vioménil, Marquis of Vioménil was a Marshal of France.Viomesnil entered the French army at age 13 as a lieutenant of the regiment of Limousin. He served in the War of the Austrian Succession where he took part in the Battle of Lauffeld and the capture of Bergen...
, Marquis of Viomesnil (1734–1827), Marshal of France in 1816 - Jacques Alexandre LawJacques LauristonJacques Alexandre Bernard Law, marquis de Lauriston was a French soldier and diplomat of Scottish descent, the son of Jacques François Law de Lauriston , and a general officer in the French army during the Napoleonic Wars. He was born in Pondicherry in India...
, Marquis of Lauriston (1768–1828), Marshal of France in 1823 - Gabriel Jean Joseph MolitorGabriel Jean Joseph MolitorGabriel-Jean-Joseph, comte Molitor , was a Marshal of France, born in Hayingen in Lorraine.Upon the outbreak of the French Revolution, Molitor joined the French revolutionary armies as a captain in a battalion of militia. In 1793 he was given command of a brigade and served under Hoche under whom...
, Count Molitor (1770–1849), Marshal of France in 1823
Charles X, 1824 – 1830
- Louis Aloy de Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-BartensteinLouis Aloy de Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-BartensteinLouis Aloy Prince de Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Bartenstein was a German prince and Marshal of France.- Early life :Hohenlohe was born at Bartenstein in Hohenlohe-Bartenstein.- Military service :...
, (1765–1829), Marshal of France in 1827 - Nicolas Joseph MaisonNicolas Joseph MaisonNicolas Joseph Maison, 1er Marquis Maison was a Marshal of France and Minister of War.-French revolution and Napoléon:Maison was born at born in Épinay-sur-Seine, near Paris....
, Marquis Maison (1771–1840), Marshal of France in 1829 - Louis Auguste Victor de Ghaisne de Bourmont, Count of Bourmont (1773–1846), Marshal of France in 1830
Louis-Philippe 1830 – 1848
- Étienne Maurice, comte GérardÉtienne Maurice GérardÉtienne Maurice Gérard, comte Gérard was a French general and statesman. He served under a succession of French governments including the ancien regime monarchy, the Revolutionary governments, the Restorations, the July Monarchy, the First and Second Republics, and the First Empire , becoming...
, (1773–1852), Marshal of France in 1830 - Bertrand, comte ClauzelBertrand ClauzelBertrand, comte Clausel was a marshal of France.- Military career :Bertrand Clausel was born on 12 December 1772 at Mirepoix in the County of Foix, and served in the first campaign of the French Revolutionary Wars as one of the volunteers of 1791In June 1795, having distinguished himself...
, (1772–1842), Marshal of France in 1831 - Emmanuel, marquis de GrouchyEmmanuel, marquis de GrouchyEmmanuel de Grouchy, 2ème Marquis de Grouchy was a French general and marshal.-Biography:Grouchy was born in Paris, the son of François-Jacques de Grouchy, 1st Marquis de Grouchy and intellectual wife Gilberte Fréteau de Pény . His sister was Sophie de Condorcet, a noted femininist...
, (1766–1847), Marshal of France in 1831 - Georges Mouton, comte de LobauGeorges MoutonGeorges Mouton, comte de Lobau was a French soldier and political figure who rose to the rank of Marshal of France.-Biography:Born in Phalsbourg, Lorraine, he enlisted in the French Revolutionary Army in 1792...
, (1770–1838), Marshal of France in 1831 - Sylvain Charles, comte ValéeSylvain Charles ValéeSylvain-Charles, comte Valée , born in Brienne-le-Château, was a Marshal of France.Upon the outbreak of the French Revolution, Valée enlisted in the French revolutionary army and was sent to serve in the Army of the Nord...
, (1773–1846), Marshal of France in 1837 - François Horace, comte SébastianiHorace François Bastien, baron SébastianiHorace François Bastien Sébastiani de La Porta was a French soldier, diplomat, and politician, who served as Naval Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Minister of State under the July Monarchy. Joining the French Revolutionary Army in his youth, he rose in its ranks and became a supporter...
, (1772–1851), Marshal of France in 1840 - Jean-Baptiste Drouet, Comte d'ErlonJean-Baptiste Drouet, Comte d'ErlonJean-Baptiste Drouet, comte d'Erlon was a marshal of France and a soldier in Napoleon's Army. D'Erlon notably commanded the I Corps of the Armée du Nord at the battle of Waterloo....
, (1765–1844), Marshal of France in 1843 - Thomas Robert Bugeaud, Duke of Isly, (1784–1849), Marshal of France in 1843
- Honoré, comte ReilleHonoré Charles ReilleHonoré Charles Michel Joseph Reille was a Marshal of France, born in Antibes.Reille served in the early campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars under Dumouriez and Masséna, whose daughter Victoire he married. In 1800, Reille was appointed commander of the Italian city of Florence...
, (1775–1860), Marshal of France in 1847 - Guillaume Dode, vicomte de la BrunerieGuillaume Dode de la BrunerieGuillaume Dode de la Brunerie was a Marshal of France. On February 12, 1812, he married the daughter of Marshal Pérignon, Agathe-Virginie.-Early life and French revolutionary wars:...
, (1775–1851), Marshal of France in 1847
Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1848 – 1852
- Jérôme BonaparteJérôme BonaparteJérôme-Napoléon Bonaparte, French Prince, King of Westphalia, 1st Prince of Montfort was the youngest brother of Napoleon, who made him king of Westphalia...
, former King of Westphalia (1784–1860), Marshal of France in 1850 - Rémi Joseph Isidore ExelmansRémi Joseph Isidore ExelmansRémi Joseph Isidore Exelmans, 1st Comte Exelmans was a distinguished French soldier of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as well as a political figure of the following period.-Early career:...
,Count Exelmans (1775–1852), Marshal of France in 1851 - Jean Isidore HarispeJean Isidore HarispeJean Isidore Harispe, 1st Comte Harispe was a distinguished French soldier of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as well as a of the following period. Harispe was created a Marshal of France in 1851.-Early life:...
, Count Harispe (1768–1855), Marshal of France in 1851 - Jean-Baptiste Philibert VaillantJean-Baptiste Philibert VaillantJean-Baptiste Philibert Vaillant, 1st Comte Vaillant , born in Dijon, was a Marshal of France.Vaillant entered the French army in 1809 in the corps of engineers. He served in the Russian campaign of 1812 and the next year became a prisoner of war after the Battle of Kulm. During the Hundred Days...
, Count Vaillant (1790 - 1872), Marshal of France in 1851 - Jacques Leroy de Saint ArnaudJacques Leroy de Saint ArnaudArmand-Jacques Leroy de Saint-Arnaud was a French soldier and Marshal of France during the 19th century...
(1798–1854), Marshal of France in 1852 - Bernard Pierre MagnanBernard Pierre MagnanBernard Pierre Magnan was a Marshal of France.Magnan started his career as an enlisted soldier of the 66th Line in 1809. Promoted to sergeant in 1810, the next year he entered the officers ranks and was successively promoted 2nd lieuteneant, 1st lieutenant and captain. From 1810 to 1813 Magnan...
(1791–1865), Marshal of France in 1852 - Boniface de CastellaneBoniface de CastellaneEsprit Victor Elisabeth Boniface de Castellane, Marquis de Castellane was a Marshal of France.-First Empire:...
, Marquis of Castellane (1788–1862), Marshal of France in 1852
Napoleon III, 1852 – 1870
- Achille Baraguey d'HilliersAchille Baraguey d'HilliersLouis-Achille Baraguey d'Hilliers, 1st Comte Baraguey d'Hilliers was a Marshal of France and politician.Baraguey d'Hilliers was born in Paris, the son of the French revolutionary general Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers...
, Count Baraguey d'Hilliers (1795–1878), Marshal of France in 1854 - Aimable Pélissier, Duke of Malakoff (1794–1864), Marshal of France in 1855
- Jacques Louis RandonJacques Louis RandonJacques Louis César Alexandre Randon, 1st Count Randon was a French military and political leader, also Marshal of France and governor of Algeria.-Early life:...
, Count Randon (1795–1871), Marshal of France in 1856 - François Certain CanrobertFrançois Certain CanrobertFrançois Certain de Canrobert, usually known as François Certain-Canrobert and later simply as Maréchal Canrobert , was a marshal of France.-Biography:...
(1809–1895), Marshal of France in 1856 - Pierre BosquetPierre BosquetPierre François Joseph Bosquet was a French Army general. He served during the conquest of Algeria and the Crimean War; returning from Crimea he was made Marshal of France and senator.-Biography:...
(1810–1861), Marshal of France in 1856 - Patrice de Mac-Mahon, Duke of Magenta (1809–1893), Marshal of France in 1859
- Auguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'AngélyAuguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'AngélyAuguste Michel Étienne Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély, later 2nd Count Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély was a Marshal of France, soldier and politician....
(1794–1870), Marshal of France in 1859 - Adolphe NielAdolphe NielAdolphe Niel was a French Army general and statesman, also Marshal of France.He was born at Muret, Haute-Garonne and entered the École Polytechnique in 1821. Niel entered the engineer school at Metz, became lieutenant in the Engineers Corps in 1827, and captain in 1833...
(1802–1869), Marshal of France in 1859 - Philippe Antoine d'OrnanoPhilippe Antoine d'OrnanoPhilippe Antoine d'Ornano, 1st Comte d'Ornano was a French soldier and political figure who rose to the rank of Marshal of France. He was made Count d'Ornano of the French Empire in 1808...
, Count of Ornano (1784–1863), Marshal of France in 1861 - Elie Frédéric ForeyElie Frédéric ForeyÉlie Frédéric Forey was a Marshal of France.-Biography:Elie Frédéric Forey was born in Paris.He studied at the French military academy Saint-Cyr and was commissioned a lieutenant in the 2nd Light Infantry Regiment in 1824. He served in the expedition against Algiers in 1830...
(1804–1872), Marshal of France in 1863 - François Achille BazaineFrançois Achille BazaineFrançois Achille Bazaine was a French General and from 1864, a Marshal of France, who surrendered the last organized French army to the Prussians during the Franco-Prussian war. He was the first Marshal who had started as a legionnaire and like the great Marshals of the First Empire, he had risen...
(1811–1888), Marshal of France in 1864 - Edmond LeboeufEdmond LeboeufEdmond Leboeuf was a marshal of France. He was born at Paris, passed through the École polytechnique and the school of Metz, and distinguished himself as an artillery officer in Algerian warfare, becoming colonel in 1852...
(1809–1888), Marshal of France in 1870
Raymond Poincaré, 1913 – 1920
- Joseph JoffreJoseph JoffreJoseph Jacques Césaire Joffre OM was a French general during World War I. He is most known for regrouping the retreating allied armies to defeat the Germans at the strategically decisive First Battle of the Marne in 1914. His popularity led to his nickname Papa Joffre.-Biography:Joffre was born in...
, (1852–1931), Marshal of France in 1916 - Ferdinand FochFerdinand FochFerdinand Foch , GCB, OM, DSO was a French soldier, war hero, military theorist, and writer credited with possessing "the most original and subtle mind in the French army" in the early 20th century. He served as general in the French army during World War I and was made Marshal of France in its...
, (1851–1929), Marshal of France in 1918 - Philippe PétainPhilippe PétainHenri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph Pétain , generally known as Philippe Pétain or Marshal Pétain , was a French general who reached the distinction of Marshal of France, and was later Chief of State of Vichy France , from 1940 to 1944...
, (1856–1951), Marshal of France in 1918
Alexandre Millerand, 1920 – 1924
- Joseph GallieniJoseph GallieniJoseph Simon Gallieni was a French soldier, most active as a military commander and administrator in the French colonies and finished his career during the First World War. He was made Marshal of France posthumously in 1921...
, (1849–1916), Marshal of France in 1921 (posthumous) - Hubert LyauteyHubert LyauteyLouis Hubert Gonzalve Lyautey was a French Army general, the first Resident-General in Morocco from 1912 to 1925 and from 1921 Marshal of France.-Early life:...
, (1854–1934), Marshal of France in 1921 - Louis Franchet d'Esperey, (1856–1942), Marshal of France in 1921
- Marie Émile FayolleMarie Émile FayolleMarie Émile Fayolle was a Marshal of France.Fayolle studied at the École polytechnique, where he graduated with the class of 1873. During his career he served in the artillery. From 1897 to 1908 he taught artillery at the École supérieure de Guerre...
, (1852–1928), Marshal of France in 1921 - Michel-Joseph MaunouryMichel-Joseph MaunouryMichel-Joseph Maunoury was a commander of French forces in the early days of World War I.-Biography:He was born on 17 December 1847....
, (1847–1923), Marshal of France in 1923 (posthumous)
Vincent Auriol, 1947 – 1954
- Jean de Lattre de TassignyJean de Lattre de TassignyJean Joseph Marie Gabriel de Lattre de Tassigny, GCB, MC was a French military hero of World War II and commander in the First Indochina War.-Early life:...
(1889–1952), Marshal of France in 1952 (posthumous) - Philippe Leclerc de HauteclocquePhilippe Leclerc de HauteclocquePhilippe François Marie, comte de Hauteclocque, then Leclerc de Hauteclocque, by a 1945 decree that incorporated his French Resistance alias Jacques-Philippe Leclerc to his name, , was a French general during World War II...
(1902–1947), Marshal of France in 1952 (posthumous) - Alphonse JuinAlphonse Juin- Early years :Juin was born at Bône in French Algeria, and enlisted in the French Army, graduating from the École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr in 1912.- Career :...
(1888–1967), Marshal of France in 1952
François Mitterrand, 1981 – 1995
- Marie Pierre Kœnig (1898–1970) Marshal of France in 1984 (posthumous)