Martha Rendell
Encyclopedia
Martha Rendell was the last of three women to be hanged in Western Australia
. She was convicted of murdering her de facto husband's son, Arthur Morris, in 1908. She was also suspected of killing his two daughters, Annie and Olive by swabbing their throats with hydrochloric acid
. Although the children died slow and agonising deaths, they had been treated by a number of doctors during their illness; only one of whom had expressed any doubts on their deaths.
Martha Rendell had moved in with Thomas Nicholls Morris after he had separated from his wife who had moved out and lived elsewhere. Morris had custody of his five children at the time. Rendell who had known Morris whilst in Adelaide and had followed him west, moving into the house and posed as his wife. The children were told to call her "mother".
Those that knew her claimed she had a vicious nature and was not liked at all. Neighbours told how she would mistreat the two young girls. Annie was once thrashed so brutally that she could not walk. Arresting officer Inspector Harry Mann said "she delighted in seeing her victims writhe in agony and from it derived sexual satisfaction".
on the back of their throats claiming it was medicine. This would inflame the throat until the child could no longer feed and thus would starve to death. Annie died on 28 July 1907. Dr Cuthbert issued a certificate stating the cause of death was diphtheria
.
After killing Annie this way, she turned her attention on the younger girl Olive, aged 5. Olive died on 6 October 1907, and again Dr Cuthbert issued a certificate stating the cause of death was diphtheria
.
In the winter of 1908 she tried the same method on Arthur the third son and youngest child still alive. Arthur, who was 14, took longer to succumb to the treatment and he died on 6 October 1908. Dr Cuthbert asked permission for an autopsy
, Martha Rendell said she wanted to be present during the investigation. She stood calmly by as the autopsy
was performed and the doctors found nothing to incriminate her.
In April 1909 she turned her attention on the second son, George. It didn't take long for the second son to complain of a sore throat after drinking a cup of tea. Martha was quick to offer him medicine and after coating his tonsils with the syrup, the boy decided that he didn't want to go the same way as his siblings. He bolted and ran to his mother's place some streets away. Neighbours would enquire as to the boy's whereabouts; however, his father Thomas Morris would state that he did not know.
The inquiry was hampered by the period of time that had elapsed since the deaths and because doctors could not say what effect swabbing with spirits of salts would have. Suspicions were further aroused when it was shown that Rendell had purchased large quantities of spirits of salts during the period of the children's illnesses, but none since the last death. Armed with this information the detectives obtained permission to exhume the bodies and this was done on 3 July 1909. Police exhumed the bodies of the three children and diluted hydrochloric acid
was found on the throat tissue.
Rendell and Thomas Morris were both charged with murder, Rendell protested her innocence, maintaining that she was treating the children for diphtheria
. Although Thomas Morris was also charged with the murders, he was acquitted as it was believed that, although he had purchased spirits of salts, he had not been aware of the crimes until after the children's deaths. However he had lied to police and to the coroner, and the jury wanted to find him guilty of being an accessory after the fact, but this was not allowed.
Rendell was sentenced to death.
on 6 October 1909. She is buried at Fremantle Cemetery
, in the same grave where serial killer
Eric Edgar Cooke
was interred more than half a century afterwards. Martha Rendell was the last woman executed in the state of Western Australia.
An unusual illusion appears on one of the prison windows. It is said to be the portrait of Martha who watches over the prison. The thing that makes this image so unusual is the fact that it can only be seen on the outside of the window and when inside the church looking out the glass is smooth and even with no unusual shape or texture. This is a good example of Pareidolia
.
Western Australia
Western Australia is a state of Australia, occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Great Australian Bight and Indian Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east and South Australia to the south-east...
. She was convicted of murdering her de facto husband's son, Arthur Morris, in 1908. She was also suspected of killing his two daughters, Annie and Olive by swabbing their throats with hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid is a solution of hydrogen chloride in water, that is a highly corrosive, strong mineral acid with many industrial uses. It is found naturally in gastric acid....
. Although the children died slow and agonising deaths, they had been treated by a number of doctors during their illness; only one of whom had expressed any doubts on their deaths.
Martha Rendell had moved in with Thomas Nicholls Morris after he had separated from his wife who had moved out and lived elsewhere. Morris had custody of his five children at the time. Rendell who had known Morris whilst in Adelaide and had followed him west, moving into the house and posed as his wife. The children were told to call her "mother".
Those that knew her claimed she had a vicious nature and was not liked at all. Neighbours told how she would mistreat the two young girls. Annie was once thrashed so brutally that she could not walk. Arresting officer Inspector Harry Mann said "she delighted in seeing her victims writhe in agony and from it derived sexual satisfaction".
The Killing Method
Rendell killed 7 year old Annie first. Her method was to put something in the child's food that would result in a sore throat. It was alleged that she killed the children by swabbing hydrochloric acidHydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid is a solution of hydrogen chloride in water, that is a highly corrosive, strong mineral acid with many industrial uses. It is found naturally in gastric acid....
on the back of their throats claiming it was medicine. This would inflame the throat until the child could no longer feed and thus would starve to death. Annie died on 28 July 1907. Dr Cuthbert issued a certificate stating the cause of death was diphtheria
Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an upper respiratory tract illness caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium. It is characterized by sore throat, low fever, and an adherent membrane on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity...
.
After killing Annie this way, she turned her attention on the younger girl Olive, aged 5. Olive died on 6 October 1907, and again Dr Cuthbert issued a certificate stating the cause of death was diphtheria
Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an upper respiratory tract illness caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium. It is characterized by sore throat, low fever, and an adherent membrane on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity...
.
In the winter of 1908 she tried the same method on Arthur the third son and youngest child still alive. Arthur, who was 14, took longer to succumb to the treatment and he died on 6 October 1908. Dr Cuthbert asked permission for an autopsy
Autopsy
An autopsy—also known as a post-mortem examination, necropsy , autopsia cadaverum, or obduction—is a highly specialized surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse to determine the cause and manner of death and to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present...
, Martha Rendell said she wanted to be present during the investigation. She stood calmly by as the autopsy
Autopsy
An autopsy—also known as a post-mortem examination, necropsy , autopsia cadaverum, or obduction—is a highly specialized surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse to determine the cause and manner of death and to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present...
was performed and the doctors found nothing to incriminate her.
In April 1909 she turned her attention on the second son, George. It didn't take long for the second son to complain of a sore throat after drinking a cup of tea. Martha was quick to offer him medicine and after coating his tonsils with the syrup, the boy decided that he didn't want to go the same way as his siblings. He bolted and ran to his mother's place some streets away. Neighbours would enquire as to the boy's whereabouts; however, his father Thomas Morris would state that he did not know.
Police inquiries
Neighbours went to the police and inspector Harry Mann conducted inquiries. Mann heard repeated references to the children having their throats painted and their "mother's" apparent indifference to their pain and agonising screams. One neighbour claimed he often peeked in the windows to see Martha Rendell standing in front of the screaming victim, rocking back and forth as if in ecstasy. Mann located George Morris who had claimed to have run away because his stepmother had killed his siblings and was trying to poison him with spirits of salts (i.e. hydrochloric acid).The inquiry was hampered by the period of time that had elapsed since the deaths and because doctors could not say what effect swabbing with spirits of salts would have. Suspicions were further aroused when it was shown that Rendell had purchased large quantities of spirits of salts during the period of the children's illnesses, but none since the last death. Armed with this information the detectives obtained permission to exhume the bodies and this was done on 3 July 1909. Police exhumed the bodies of the three children and diluted hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid is a solution of hydrogen chloride in water, that is a highly corrosive, strong mineral acid with many industrial uses. It is found naturally in gastric acid....
was found on the throat tissue.
Rendell and Thomas Morris were both charged with murder, Rendell protested her innocence, maintaining that she was treating the children for diphtheria
Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an upper respiratory tract illness caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium. It is characterized by sore throat, low fever, and an adherent membrane on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity...
. Although Thomas Morris was also charged with the murders, he was acquitted as it was believed that, although he had purchased spirits of salts, he had not been aware of the crimes until after the children's deaths. However he had lied to police and to the coroner, and the jury wanted to find him guilty of being an accessory after the fact, but this was not allowed.
Rendell was sentenced to death.
Public Outcry
There was considerable public outrage at the time; the press portrayed her as a "scarlet woman" and "wicked stepmother". She was hanged at Fremantle PrisonFremantle Prison
Fremantle Prison is a former Australian prison located in The Terrace, Fremantle, in Western Australia. The site includes the prison, gatehouse, perimeter walls, cottages, tunnels, and prisoner art...
on 6 October 1909. She is buried at Fremantle Cemetery
Fremantle Cemetery
Fremantle Cemetery is a 46 hectare cemetery located in the eastern part of Fremantle, Western Australia. Established in 1898, it is known as the final resting place of Bon Scott and several other notable Australians....
, in the same grave where serial killer
Serial killer
A serial killer, as typically defined, is an individual who has murdered three or more people over a period of more than a month, with down time between the murders, and whose motivation for killing is usually based on psychological gratification...
Eric Edgar Cooke
Eric Edgar Cooke
Eric Edgar Cooke nicknamed The Night Caller was an Australian serial killer. From 1959 to 1963, he terrorised the city of Perth, Western Australia, by committing 22 violent crimes, eight of which resulted in deaths....
was interred more than half a century afterwards. Martha Rendell was the last woman executed in the state of Western Australia.
An unusual illusion appears on one of the prison windows. It is said to be the portrait of Martha who watches over the prison. The thing that makes this image so unusual is the fact that it can only be seen on the outside of the window and when inside the church looking out the glass is smooth and even with no unusual shape or texture. This is a good example of Pareidolia
Pareidolia
Pareidolia is a psychological phenomenon involving a vague and random stimulus being perceived as significant. Common examples include seeing images of animals or faces in clouds, the man in the moon or the Moon rabbit, and hearing hidden messages on records played in reverse...
.