Maruf Khaznadar
Encyclopedia
Maruf Khaznadar or Marif Xeznedar, (1930 - 2010 ), is a contemporary Kurdish
academic and writer. He was born in Erbil
and received early education in Erbil and Kirkuk
. He attended the College of Literature at the University of Baghdad
and received his Bachelor degree in Arabic language and literature in 1957. From 1957 to 1959, he was woking as a High school teacher in Kirkuk. In 1960, he was awarded a bursary to continue his studies at the Oriental Institute of Soviet Academy of Sciences in Leningrad
and received his PhD in Kurdish literature in 1963. From 1963 to 1968, he worked as research associate at the same institute. In 1969, he began teaching at the Faculty of Literature of University of Baghdad and in 1972 he became head of its Kurdish department and in 1979 he was promoted to the rank of Professor.. From 1970 to 1974, he also served as the editor of Kurdish journals Defteri Kurdewari and Nuseri Kurd. He has published numerous books and articles in Kurdish
, Arabic
and Russian
languages. He died on October 25, 2010.
Kurdish people
The Kurdish people, or Kurds , are an Iranian people native to the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey...
academic and writer. He was born in Erbil
Arbil
Arbil / Hewlêr is the fourth largest city in Iraq after Baghdad, Basra and Mosul...
and received early education in Erbil and Kirkuk
Kirkuk
Kirkuk is a city in Iraq and the capital of Kirkuk Governorate.It is located in the Iraqi governorate of Kirkuk, north of the capital, Baghdad...
. He attended the College of Literature at the University of Baghdad
University of Baghdad
The University of Baghdad is the largest university in Iraq and the second largest Arab university following the University of Cairo.- Nomenclature :Both University of Baghdad and Baghdad University are used interchangeably....
and received his Bachelor degree in Arabic language and literature in 1957. From 1957 to 1959, he was woking as a High school teacher in Kirkuk. In 1960, he was awarded a bursary to continue his studies at the Oriental Institute of Soviet Academy of Sciences in Leningrad
Leningrad
Leningrad is the former name of Saint Petersburg, Russia.Leningrad may also refer to:- Places :* Leningrad Oblast, a federal subject of Russia, around Saint Petersburg* Leningrad, Tajikistan, capital of Muminobod district in Khatlon Province...
and received his PhD in Kurdish literature in 1963. From 1963 to 1968, he worked as research associate at the same institute. In 1969, he began teaching at the Faculty of Literature of University of Baghdad and in 1972 he became head of its Kurdish department and in 1979 he was promoted to the rank of Professor.. From 1970 to 1974, he also served as the editor of Kurdish journals Defteri Kurdewari and Nuseri Kurd. He has published numerous books and articles in Kurdish
Kurdish language
Kurdish is a dialect continuum spoken by the Kurds in western Asia. It is part of the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian group of Indo-European languages....
, Arabic
Arabic language
Arabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book...
and Russian
Russian language
Russian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...
languages. He died on October 25, 2010.
Books
- Al-Adl al-ejtem'ee (Social Justice), Translation from Kurdish to Arabic, Baghdad, 1954.
- Aghani Kurdistan, Baghdad, 1956. (in Arabic)
- Kêş û Qafiye le Şê'rî Kurdîda (Meter and Rhyme in Kurdish Poetry), Baghdad, 1962. (in Kurdish)
- Ocherk istorii sovremennoi kurdskoi literatury (History of the Modern Kurdish Literature), Nauka Publishers, Moscow, 1967. (in Russian)
- Al-Akrad: Mulahezat u Enteba'at (The Kurds: Notes and Impressions), By Minorsky, Translation from Russian into Arabic, 99 pp., al-Nujum Publishers, Baghdad, 1968.
- The Twelve Horsemen of Mariwan and Fifteen Other Kurdish Tales, Moscow, 1968. (in Russian)
- Bûke şûşe, Short story, 59 pp., Baghdad, 1969. (in Kurdish)
- Collection of Stories (Eleman Kurdi), Baghdad, 1969. (in Kurdish)
- Ebdulla Begî Mısbah - Dîwan, Şaîrî Gewrey Xakî Mukriyan (Diwan of Abdulla Bagi Misbah, The Great Poet of Mukriyan), 59 pp., Irshad Publishers, Baghdad, 1970. (in Kurdish)
- Ziman û Edebî Kurdî bo Polî Pêncemî Amadeyî (Kurdish Language and Literature textbook for the fifth grade of high school), Baghdad, 1971.
- Analysis and Correction of Arabic Grammar in Kurdish by Ali TaramakhiAli TaramakhiAli Taramakhi or Elî Teremaxî, was a Kurdish linguist and writer in 16th century. He is credited for writing the first Arabic grammar book in the Kurdish language in 1591. His book is titled, Serfa Kurmancî or Tesrîf. He wrote the book in order to allow Kurdish pupils to learn and study Arabic...
, Dar al-Zaman Publishers, Baghdad, 1977. (in Kurdish) - Analysis and Correction of NaliNaliNalî also known as Mullah Xidir Ehmed Şawaysî Mîkayalî Nalî also known as Mullah Xidir Ehmed Şawaysî Mîkayalî Nalî also known as Mullah Xidir Ehmed Şawaysî Mîkayalî (1800-1873 in Istanbul, Turkey, was a Kurdish polymath, who is considered to be one of the greatest Kurdish poet in Kurdish...
's Collection of Poems. Baghdad, 1977. (in Kurdish) - Makhtutat Farida u Matbooat Nareda, (Rare Handwritings and Journals), Baghdad, 1978. (in Arabic)
- Tarikh Esteshraq wa al-Dersast al-Arabiya wa al-Kurdiya fi al-Mothaf al-Asiwi 1818-1968 (History of Orientalism and Arabic and Kurdish Studies), translated from Russian, Baghdad, 1980. (in Arabic)
- Al-Rehalata al-Rus fi Sharqa al-Awsat, translated from Russian, 431 pp., Beirut, 1981. (in Arabic)
- Nalî le Defterî Nemirîda (The Eternal Nali), Baghdad, 1981. (in Kurdish)
- Le Babet Mêjûy Edebî Kurdiyewe (Regarding the History of Kurdish Literature), Baghdad, 1984. (in Kurdish)
- Kurdyade, A Poetic Novel, London, 1985. (in Kurdish)
- Geştêk bo Erzurûm (A Travel to Erzurum), By Pushkin, translated from Russian, Sweden, 1995. (in Kurdish)
- Edebî Rusî û Kêşey Pasternak (Russian Literature and Problem of PasternakBoris PasternakBoris Leonidovich Pasternak was a Russian language poet, novelist, and literary translator. In his native Russia, Pasternak's anthology My Sister Life, is one of the most influential collections ever published in the Russian language...
), Erbil, 1999. (in Kurdish) - Mêjûy Edebî Kurdî (History of Kurdish Literature), 7 Volumes, Aras Publishers, Erbil, 2001-2006. (in Kurdish)
- Berew Roj, Collection of Short stories, 224 pp., Soran Publishers, Sulaimaniya, 2006. (in Kurdish)
Articles
- Kurdish Prose (1945-1961), The Journal of Kurdish Studies, Vol.2, 1996–1997, pp. 65–70
- The image of the struggle for national rights in Kurdish literature, In Between Imagination and Denial:Kurds as Subjects and Objects of Political and Social Processes, A Conference organized by Free University of BerlinFree University of BerlinFreie Universität Berlin is one of the leading and most prestigious research universities in Germany and continental Europe. It distinguishes itself through its modern and international character. It is the largest of the four universities in Berlin. Research at the university is focused on the...
, May 1998.