Mataram (city)
Encyclopedia
Mataram is the capital of the Province of West Nusa Tenggara
(Nusa Tenggara Barat). The city is situated within Lombok Barat Regency (Kabupaten Lombok Barat) and lies on the western side of the island of Lombok
, Indonesia
. It is also the largest city of the province, and had a population of 402,296 at the 2010 Census.
In addition to serving as the provincial capital, Mataram has also become the center of government, education, commerce, industry and services.
Three towns constitute the Mataram area; from west to east, these are Ampenan, Mataram, and Cakranegara. They are distinct towns, but run together. Broadly, Ampenan is an aging port city, Mataram is the governmental and office center for the province, and Cakranegara is the major commercial center on the island. There are six subdistricts
of Mataram, namely Ampenan, Cakranegara, Mataram, Pejanggik, Selaparang, and Sekarbela. The Mataram district area contains 50 Kampungs (villages/neighbourhoods) and 297 (RT) kampung sub-sections.
The city is served by the Lombok International Airport
(Bandara Internasional Lombok) in Central Lombok, by the Lembar Harbour seaport in the southwest and Labuhan Lombok ferry port on the east coast which provides connection to Poto Tano on Sumbawa. Mataram is located near west coast of Lombok, so it is very close to the island's tourism centre of Senggigi
beach, which is a short distance northward from Ampenan.
Mataram was previously a part of West Lombok district before the division of the region. The capital of West Lombok was moved to Gerung in the year 2000.
Mataram was also the seat of power for the king of Mataram (Seraja), which was sometimes controlled through neighboring Singaraja
, Bali.
The city has 6 districts and comprising 50 kampungs.
The city water supply is sourced primarily from the slopes of Mount Rinjani and the city has a system of small dams to buffer the system. The water supply in Lombok is stressed, so accordingly the city's water supply is under strain. West Nusa Tenggara province is broadly threatened with a water crisis caused by increasing forest and water table damage and degradation. 160 thousand hectares of a total of 1960 thousand hectares are thought to have been affected. The Head of Built Environment and Security Forest Service Forest West Nusa Tenggara Andi Pramari stated on Wednesday, May 6, 2009 that, "If this situation is not addressed it can be expected that within five years it may be difficult for people to obtain water in this part of NTB (West Nusa Tenggara). Not only that, the productivity of agriculture in value added will fall, and the residents are experiencing water deficiency in their wells". High cases of timber theft in the NTB region are contributing to this problem.
Due to the delays in opening the new Lombok International Airport
in Central Lombok, the proposed closure of Selaparang Airport
in Ampenan was extensively delayed. The older airport on the city's outskirts continued to be used for both domestic and international flights up until it's closure on 30 September 2011.
The University of Mataram
was established on October 1, 1962. It is situated in the city of Mataram. The university is the principal provider of tertiary education in the province.
In the city of Mataram in 2008 Central Bureau of Statistics West Nusa Tenggara Province figures indicate that of the ciy's population 40.74% were unmarried, 52.01% were married, 2.51% were divorced, and 4.75% were of a widowed status.
In 2008 the City of Mataram had 90,748 households and an average of 3.99 persons per household.
people are the indigenous people of Lombok and form the majority of Mataram's residents. Mataram is also home to people of Bali
ese, Chinese, Tionghoa-peranakan
people of mixed Indonesian and Chinese descent and small number of Arab Indonesian
people, mainly of Yemen
i descent who settled in the early port city of Ampenan. Although urban dwellers the Sasak people of Mataram still identify strongly with their origins and the Sasak culture. The outbreak of riots in Lombok January 17, 2000 is considered to have been initiated by outside influences. After the troubles passed Mataram's community returned to living in relative harmony.
is the religion of the majority population of Mataram. Other religion's practised in Mataram are Christianity
, Hinduism
, Buddhism
, and Confucianism
. Mutual respect and tolerance of other peoples beliefs allow the community of Mataram to live together in harmony.
is the language most widely used in formal business, education and government contexts. When at home or a place of recreation Mataram residents tend to use Mataram Sasak language.
(Bandara Internasional Lombok) is south west of the small regional city of [Praya] in south central Lombok. It commenced servicing airline operations on 1 October 2011. The new international airport will provide facilities for wide bodied aircraft
and more modern terminal and cargo facilities.
Selaparang Airport
is in Ampenan. It was closed for operations on the evening of 30 September 2011. It still retains intact domestic and international terminal buildings. The airport previously provided facilities for limited international connections to Singapore
provided by Silk Air and international flights to Kuala Lumpur
provided by Garuda
and Merpati airlines that previously departed from the Domestic terminal. It also provided services for domestic air links to Java, Bali and Sumbawa. All existing air services were moved across to the new airport when the operations at Selaparang ceased.
Pelni Shipping Lines, the principal national shipping line providing a sea-borne passenger service throughout the archipelago of Indonesia has an office in Mataram.
The road-sea bridge for trucks and other vehicles is provided by drive on-drive off ferry services at the port of Tanjung Lembar in the southeast of the island and the port of Labuhan Lombok in the east.
West Nusa Tenggara
West Nusa Tenggara is a province in south-central Indonesia. The province encompasses the western portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Bali as the Wallace line running the length of the Lombok Strait forms the western boundary of the province....
(Nusa Tenggara Barat). The city is situated within Lombok Barat Regency (Kabupaten Lombok Barat) and lies on the western side of the island of Lombok
Lombok
Lombok is an island in West Nusa Tenggara province, Indonesia. It forms part of the chain of the Lesser Sunda Islands, with the Lombok Strait separating it from Bali to the west and the Alas Strait between it and Sumbawa to the east...
, Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. It is also the largest city of the province, and had a population of 402,296 at the 2010 Census.
In addition to serving as the provincial capital, Mataram has also become the center of government, education, commerce, industry and services.
Three towns constitute the Mataram area; from west to east, these are Ampenan, Mataram, and Cakranegara. They are distinct towns, but run together. Broadly, Ampenan is an aging port city, Mataram is the governmental and office center for the province, and Cakranegara is the major commercial center on the island. There are six subdistricts
Subdistricts of Indonesia
In Indonesia, a kecamatan or district is a subdivision of a regency or of a city . A district is itself divided into kelurahan or administrative villages....
of Mataram, namely Ampenan, Cakranegara, Mataram, Pejanggik, Selaparang, and Sekarbela. The Mataram district area contains 50 Kampungs (villages/neighbourhoods) and 297 (RT) kampung sub-sections.
The city is served by the Lombok International Airport
Lombok International Airport
Lombok International Airport is a new airport on the island of Lombok in Indonesia. It is the island's only fully operational airport....
(Bandara Internasional Lombok) in Central Lombok, by the Lembar Harbour seaport in the southwest and Labuhan Lombok ferry port on the east coast which provides connection to Poto Tano on Sumbawa. Mataram is located near west coast of Lombok, so it is very close to the island's tourism centre of Senggigi
Senggigi
Senggigi is the main tourist strip of the Indonesian island of Lombok, stretched out along the several kilometers of the beachfront, just to the north of the capital Mataram...
beach, which is a short distance northward from Ampenan.
Mataram was previously a part of West Lombok district before the division of the region. The capital of West Lombok was moved to Gerung in the year 2000.
Mataram was also the seat of power for the king of Mataram (Seraja), which was sometimes controlled through neighboring Singaraja
Singaraja
Singaraja is the regency seat of Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia. The name is Indonesian for "Lion King". It is on the north coast just east of Lovina...
, Bali.
Administration
- TGH M Zainul Majdi, MA., Governor of NTB (West Nusa Tenggara), (Mataram is the Provincial Capital of West Nusa Tenggara)
- H Ahyar Abduh – H Mohan Roliskana, SSos, MH, was inaugurated and sworn-in to the office of the Mayor of Mataram, tenure 2010-2015, in the Office of the Mayor of Mataram on Tuesday (10/08/2010), Mayor of Mataram. Political participation in the election of the new Mayor of the city of Mataram was 175,386 or 63.2% of total permanent 277,499 enrolled voters.
Administrative boundaries
| Boundary | District | Regency |
|---|---|---|
| North | Gunung Sari, Kecamatan Gunung Sari | West Lombok Regency West Lombok Regency West Lombok Regency is a division of the Indonesian Province of West Nusa Tenggara. It is located on the island of Lombok and the capital is Gerung.- Location :... |
| South | Labu Api, Kecamatan Labu Api | West Lombok Regency |
| West | Lombok Strait Lombok Strait The Lombok Strait is a strait connecting the Java Sea to the Indian Ocean, located between the islands of Bali and Lombok in Indonesia. The Gili Islands are on the Lombok side.... |
|
| East | Narmada, Kecamatan Narmada | West Lombok Regency |
The city has 6 districts and comprising 50 kampungs.
Services and development
The city power supply is provided by a PLN generating plant on the west coast of the island just south of Ampenan. Mataram and the island as a whole have suffered from serious power supply problems for many years building to a crisis point in mid 2010. Despite assurances by PLN to provide a stable supply by August 2010, the problem endured and the island is still subject to ongoing and frequent daily power outages.The city water supply is sourced primarily from the slopes of Mount Rinjani and the city has a system of small dams to buffer the system. The water supply in Lombok is stressed, so accordingly the city's water supply is under strain. West Nusa Tenggara province is broadly threatened with a water crisis caused by increasing forest and water table damage and degradation. 160 thousand hectares of a total of 1960 thousand hectares are thought to have been affected. The Head of Built Environment and Security Forest Service Forest West Nusa Tenggara Andi Pramari stated on Wednesday, May 6, 2009 that, "If this situation is not addressed it can be expected that within five years it may be difficult for people to obtain water in this part of NTB (West Nusa Tenggara). Not only that, the productivity of agriculture in value added will fall, and the residents are experiencing water deficiency in their wells". High cases of timber theft in the NTB region are contributing to this problem.
Due to the delays in opening the new Lombok International Airport
Lombok International Airport
Lombok International Airport is a new airport on the island of Lombok in Indonesia. It is the island's only fully operational airport....
in Central Lombok, the proposed closure of Selaparang Airport
Selaparang Airport
Selaparang Airport , was the sole airport serving the island of Lombok and the city of Mataram, the capital of the province of West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia up until it's closure on 30 September 2011. The IATA code AMI came from the nearby port of Ampenan, now a part of Mataram. The airport was...
in Ampenan was extensively delayed. The older airport on the city's outskirts continued to be used for both domestic and international flights up until it's closure on 30 September 2011.
- The expansion of Lombok’s Selaparang Airport was restricted by the proximity of hills to the north. The current state of urban development was major constraint to an expansion of that airports existing runway and taxiways. The opening of the new Bandara Internasional Lombok airport is expected to significantly enhance the development of Mataram city and West Nusa Tenggara province.
- The Lombok International AirportLombok International AirportLombok International Airport is a new airport on the island of Lombok in Indonesia. It is the island's only fully operational airport....
is a new international airport established to the south east of the city of Mataram and to the immediate south of the small city of Praya. - Project milestones for the US$ 138.9 million Lombok project (Phase 1) are: Review of the 1993 Master Plan in 2005; detailed design 2005-2006; investment bidding 2005-2007; construction bidding 2007; implementation 2008-2011; operation from 2011 onwards.
The University of Mataram
University of Mataram
University of Mataram is a public university in Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. It was established on October 1, 1962. Its current rector is Mansur Ma'shum-Schools:The university has 9 faculties:# School of Education and Teacher Training...
was established on October 1, 1962. It is situated in the city of Mataram. The university is the principal provider of tertiary education in the province.
Demographics
Of the population of around 362,243 (2008) 177,719 persons are male and 184,524 are female.In the city of Mataram in 2008 Central Bureau of Statistics West Nusa Tenggara Province figures indicate that of the ciy's population 40.74% were unmarried, 52.01% were married, 2.51% were divorced, and 4.75% were of a widowed status.
In 2008 the City of Mataram had 90,748 households and an average of 3.99 persons per household.
Ethnicity
The SasakSasak
The Sasak live mainly on the island of Lombok, Indonesia, numbering around 2.6 million . They are related to the Balinese in language and race, although the Sasak are predominantly Muslim while the Balinese are Hindu....
people are the indigenous people of Lombok and form the majority of Mataram's residents. Mataram is also home to people of Bali
Bali
Bali is an Indonesian island located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east...
ese, Chinese, Tionghoa-peranakan
Chinese Indonesian
Chinese Indonesians, also called the Indonesian Chinese, are an overseas Chinese group whose ancestors emigrated from China to Indonesia, formerly a colony of the Netherlands known as the Dutch East Indies...
people of mixed Indonesian and Chinese descent and small number of Arab Indonesian
Arab Indonesian
Arab Indonesians are citizens of Indonesia of Arab, mainly Hadrami, descent. Restricted under Dutch East Indies' law until 1919, the community elites later gained economic power through real estate investment and trading...
people, mainly of Yemen
Yemen
The Republic of Yemen , commonly known as Yemen , is a country located in the Middle East, occupying the southwestern to southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, and Oman to the east....
i descent who settled in the early port city of Ampenan. Although urban dwellers the Sasak people of Mataram still identify strongly with their origins and the Sasak culture. The outbreak of riots in Lombok January 17, 2000 is considered to have been initiated by outside influences. After the troubles passed Mataram's community returned to living in relative harmony.
Religion
IslamIslam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
is the religion of the majority population of Mataram. Other religion's practised in Mataram are Christianity
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
, Hinduism
Hinduism
Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...
, Buddhism
Buddhism
Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha . The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th...
, and Confucianism
Confucianism
Confucianism is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius . Confucianism originated as an "ethical-sociopolitical teaching" during the Spring and Autumn Period, but later developed metaphysical and cosmological elements in the Han...
. Mutual respect and tolerance of other peoples beliefs allow the community of Mataram to live together in harmony.
Language
Mataram society normally the Sasak language. Bahasa Sasak is the native language of the indigenous people of Lombok. IndonesianIndonesian language
Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia. Indonesian is a normative form of the Riau Islands dialect of Malay, an Austronesian language which has been used as a lingua franca in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries....
is the language most widely used in formal business, education and government contexts. When at home or a place of recreation Mataram residents tend to use Mataram Sasak language.
By air
Lombok International AirportLombok International Airport
Lombok International Airport is a new airport on the island of Lombok in Indonesia. It is the island's only fully operational airport....
(Bandara Internasional Lombok) is south west of the small regional city of [Praya] in south central Lombok. It commenced servicing airline operations on 1 October 2011. The new international airport will provide facilities for wide bodied aircraft
Wide-body aircraft
A wide-body aircraft is a large airliner with two passenger aisles, also known as a widebody aircraft or twin-aisle aircraft. The typical fuselage diameter is . In the typical wide-body economy cabin, passengers are seated seven to ten abreast, allowing a total capacity of 200 to 850 passengers...
and more modern terminal and cargo facilities.
Selaparang Airport
Selaparang Airport
Selaparang Airport , was the sole airport serving the island of Lombok and the city of Mataram, the capital of the province of West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia up until it's closure on 30 September 2011. The IATA code AMI came from the nearby port of Ampenan, now a part of Mataram. The airport was...
is in Ampenan. It was closed for operations on the evening of 30 September 2011. It still retains intact domestic and international terminal buildings. The airport previously provided facilities for limited international connections to Singapore
Singapore
Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
provided by Silk Air and international flights to Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur is the capital and the second largest city in Malaysia by population. The city proper, making up an area of , has a population of 1.4 million as of 2010. Greater Kuala Lumpur, also known as the Klang Valley, is an urban agglomeration of 7.2 million...
provided by Garuda
Garuda
The Garuda is a large mythical bird or bird-like creature that appears in both Hindu and Buddhist mythology.From an Indian perspective, Garuda is the Hindu name for the constellation Aquila and...
and Merpati airlines that previously departed from the Domestic terminal. It also provided services for domestic air links to Java, Bali and Sumbawa. All existing air services were moved across to the new airport when the operations at Selaparang ceased.
By sea
The city is serviced by the port of Tanjung Lembar in the south west of Lombok. Tanjung Lembar provides limited light shipping facilities and a ferry terminal for vehicle and passenger services. These ferries connecting to nearby Bali provide the principal facilities for goods movements in and out of Mataram. The port of Labuhan Lombok on the east coast provides vehicle and passenger services to Poto Tano on Sumbawa Island. Disruptions can significantly effect trade and the provision of supplies to the city of Mataram as the shipping operators on these routes will often suspend services due to breakdown or heavy seas.Pelni Shipping Lines, the principal national shipping line providing a sea-borne passenger service throughout the archipelago of Indonesia has an office in Mataram.
By road
Significant road improvements have occurred in the 2009-2010 including further development of a partial ring road system circumnavigating the outer areas of Mataram. The proposed road link between the city and the site of the new international airport has endured extended delays and is a contentious issue. Problems have been encountered securing right or way over the proposed route and conflicts have developed with local communities over the siting and construction of the road.The road-sea bridge for trucks and other vehicles is provided by drive on-drive off ferry services at the port of Tanjung Lembar in the southeast of the island and the port of Labuhan Lombok in the east.
Attractions
- Mayura Garden Taman Mayura is a water palace built in 1744. This was a location of some of the fierce battles that took place between Dutch and Balinese forces in 1894.
- Narmada Park Taman Narmada. is located 10 km east of Mataram, this park was the relaxation place for the king during the time of feudalism. This park has a Hindu temple and swimming pool. It also has a fountain which is called "Youth Fountain", believed to give long life to a person that drinks its water.
- Museum of West Nusa Tenggara, Museum Negeri Nusa Tenggara Barat. The NTB museum has exhibits on the geology, history and culture of Lombok and nearby Sumbawa.
Places of Interest
- Pura Meru
- Pura Segara
- Loang Baloq
- Old Town Ampenan
- Senggigi Beach
- Batu Bolong
- Kute Beach Lombok
- Tanjung A'nn beach
- Gili Islands
Hotels
- Lombok Raya Hotel
- Hotel Grand Legi
- Hotel Nitour
- Hotel Chandra
- Hotel Handayani