Matrix protein
Encyclopedia
Viral matrix proteins are non structural proteins linking the viral envelope
with the virus
core. They play a crucial role in virus assembly, and interact with the RNP complex as well as with the viral membrane. It is found in Morbillivirus
, Paramyxovirus
, Orthomyxovirus and Pneumovirus.
An example is the M1 protein
of the influenza
virus, showing affinity to the glycoprotein
s of the host cell membrane on one side of its molecule and nonspecific affinity for the RNA molecules on its other end, which allows it to form a layer under the membrane, to which the assembled complexes of viral ribonucleoprotein
and viral RNA bind and are enveloped and bud
out of the cell as new mature viruses.
Viral matrix proteins are responsible for expelling the genetic material once a virus has entered a cell.
Viral envelope
Many viruses have viral envelopes covering their protein capsids. The envelopes typically are derived from portions of the host cell membranes , but include some viral glycoproteins. Functionally, viral envelopes are used to help viruses enter host cells...
with the virus
Virus
A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. Viruses infect all types of organisms, from animals and plants to bacteria and archaea...
core. They play a crucial role in virus assembly, and interact with the RNP complex as well as with the viral membrane. It is found in Morbillivirus
Morbillivirus
Morbillivirus is a genus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family of viruses in the order Mononegavirales. Many members of the genus cause diseases, such as rinderpest and measles, and are highly infectious.- External links :* *...
, Paramyxovirus
Paramyxovirus
Paramyxoviruses are viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family of the Mononegavirales order; they are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses responsible for a number of human and animal diseases.-Genera:*Subfamily Paramyxovirinae**Genus Avulavirus Paramyxoviruses (from Greek para-, beyond, -myxo-,...
, Orthomyxovirus and Pneumovirus.
An example is the M1 protein
M1 protein
The M1 protein is a matrix protein of the influenza virus. It forms a coat inside the viral envelope.The M1 protein binds to the viral RNA. The binding is not specific to any RNA sequence, and is performed via a peptide sequence rich in basic amino acids....
of the influenza
Influenza
Influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by RNA viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae , that affects birds and mammals...
virus, showing affinity to the glycoprotein
Glycoprotein
Glycoproteins are proteins that contain oligosaccharide chains covalently attached to polypeptide side-chains. The carbohydrate is attached to the protein in a cotranslational or posttranslational modification. This process is known as glycosylation. In proteins that have segments extending...
s of the host cell membrane on one side of its molecule and nonspecific affinity for the RNA molecules on its other end, which allows it to form a layer under the membrane, to which the assembled complexes of viral ribonucleoprotein
Ribonucleoprotein
Ribonucleoprotein is a nucleoprotein that contains RNA, i.e. it is an association that combines ribonucleic acid and protein together. A few known examples include the ribosome, the enzyme telomerase, vault ribonucleoproteins, and small nuclear RNPs , which are implicated in pre-mRNA splicing and...
and viral RNA bind and are enveloped and bud
Budding
Budding is a form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism grows on another one. The new organism remains attached as it grows, separating from the parent organism only when it is mature. Since the reproduction is asexual, the newly created organism is a clone and is genetically identical...
out of the cell as new mature viruses.
Viral matrix proteins are responsible for expelling the genetic material once a virus has entered a cell.