Mattersburg
Encyclopedia
Mattersburg is a town in Burgenland
, Austria
. It is the administrative center of the District of Mattersburg
and home to a Bundesliga
football team, SV Mattersburg
.
in the Wulka River Valley, located in the rural vineyard
region of the country.
To get to Mattersburg by road, either one takes Burgenland Highway S31 from Eisenstadt
and Oberpullendorf
or Mattersburg Highway S4 from Wiener Neustadt.
Mattersburg is connected by rail with Wiener Neustadt and Sopron
by the Mattersburg Railway.
Mattersburg's two boroughs are Mattersburg and Walbersdorf.
and Longobard graveyards.
The town was first mentioned in writing as Villa Martini in 1202. Its Hungarian name (Nagymarton) also refers to the church consecrated to Martin of Tours
. Originally the German name was Mattersdorf and was renamed to Mattersburg in 1924. Matter developed from Martin and also refers to St. Martin of Tours, while Burg means "castle".
The area's original fortress had already been torn down by 1294. In its place, Forchtenstein Castle
was built.
Mattersburg was elevated to the status of a market town
in 1354. The town was destroyed by fire in the year 1774 and again in 1856. The area's wealth increased, when the railway began running from Wiener Neustadt to Mattersburg in 1847. During the 19th century, the town was the site of a ceramic manufacture founded by János Ziegler in 1815 or 1818, producing yellow coloured wares following the style of Viennese
porcelain
.
An interesting part of Mattersburg's history is its connection with Judaism
, as the town was one of the Burgenland Siebengemeinden
. The first Jews to settle in the town arrived in the 16th century, having been expelled from Sopron
, and their presence in the town increased greatly over the following years. In 1671, the Jews were forced to abandon the town at the order of Leopold I
. They were allowed to return to Mattersdorf, as it was then called, in 1678, although they were forced to buy back their own possessions. The self-governing Jewish community was first merged with the rest of the town in 1902/03.
Mattersburg belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary
until 1920 and it was the seat of the Nagymarton district in Sopron county
. After the end of the First World War, German West-Hungary was given to Austria in the Treaties of St. Germain and Trianon
; there it formed the new province of Burgenland. Mattersburg kept the official name of Mattersdorf until June 14, 1924; on July 2, 1926, it received town privileges.
After the Anschluss
in February 1938, the Jewish population of Mattersburg was expelled and dispossessed, so that already in the Fall of 1938, there were no more Jews in Mattersburg. In the course of the war, more than two hundred of the town's residents were missing or killed. Approximately one hundred of its Jewish residents were killed in the Holocaust. In 1978, Mattersburg incorporated the town of Walbersdorf.
; there are two Vice-Mayors: the first is Klaus Leitgeb of the ÖVP
and the second Josef Reisner of the SPÖ. The District Major of the Burough of Walbersdorf is Hubert Lang of the SPÖ and Johann Wallner is the Chief Officer.
Mattersburg's municipal council has 25 seats with party mandates as follows: 9 ÖVP, 14 SPÖ, 1 FPÖ
, 1 Grüne
, other lists 0.
team, SV Mattersburg
and Home of the Sports table football
Subbuteo
team,
TFC Mattersburg - the number one in the World Ranking.
Burgenland
Burgenland is the easternmost and least populous state or Land of Austria. It consists of two Statutarstädte and seven districts with in total 171 municipalities. It is 166 km long from north to south but much narrower from west to east...
, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
. It is the administrative center of the District of Mattersburg
Mattersburg (district)
Bezirk Mattersburg is a district of the state ofBurgenland in Austria.-Municipalities:Towns are indicated in boldface; market towns in italics; suburbs, hamlets and other subdivisions of a municipality are indicated in small characters.Where appropriate, the Croatian names are given in...
and home to a Bundesliga
Austrian Bundesliga
The Austrian Football Bundesliga is the highest-ranking national league club competition in Austrian football. It is the competition which decides the Austrian national football champions, as well the country's entrants for the various European cups run by UEFA.The Austrian Bundesliga, which began...
football team, SV Mattersburg
SV Mattersburg
SV Mattersburg is an Austrian association football club from Mattersburg, Burgenland. For sponsorship reasons, the club is currently also known as SV Bauwelt Koch Mattersburg....
.
Location
Mattersburg lies in the northern part of Burgenland, east of Wiener NeustadtWiener Neustadt
-Main sights:* The Late-Romanesque Dom, consecrated in 1279 and cathedral from 1469 to 1785. The choir and transept, in Gothic style, are from the 14th century. In the late 15th century 12 statues of the Apostles were added in the apse, while the bust of Cardinal Melchior Klesl is attributed to...
in the Wulka River Valley, located in the rural vineyard
Vineyard
A vineyard is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice...
region of the country.
To get to Mattersburg by road, either one takes Burgenland Highway S31 from Eisenstadt
Eisenstadt
- Politics :The current mayor of Eisenstadt is Andrea Fraunschiel ÖVP.The district council is composed as follows :* ÖVP: 17 seats* SPÖ: 8 seats* Austrian Green Party: 2 seats* FPÖ: 2 seats- Castles and palaces :...
and Oberpullendorf
Oberpullendorf
Oberpullendorf is a town in Burgenland, Austria. It is the administrative center of the district of Oberpullendorf.- Geography :Oberpullendorf is situated in the middle of the Burgenland, in the valley of the Stooberbach. The town is divided into Mitterpullendorf and Oberpullendorf.- History :The...
or Mattersburg Highway S4 from Wiener Neustadt.
Mattersburg is connected by rail with Wiener Neustadt and Sopron
Sopron
In 1910 Sopron had 33,932 inhabitants . Religions: 64.1% Roman Catholic, 27.8% Lutheran, 6.6% Jewish, 1.2% Calvinist, 0.3% other. In 2001 the city had 56,125 inhabitants...
by the Mattersburg Railway.
Mattersburg's two boroughs are Mattersburg and Walbersdorf.
History
The site of Mattersburg was already populated in antiquity based on excavations of RomanAncient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
and Longobard graveyards.
The town was first mentioned in writing as Villa Martini in 1202. Its Hungarian name (Nagymarton) also refers to the church consecrated to Martin of Tours
Martin of Tours
Martin of Tours was a Bishop of Tours whose shrine became a famous stopping-point for pilgrims on the road to Santiago de Compostela. Around his name much legendary material accrued, and he has become one of the most familiar and recognizable Christian saints...
. Originally the German name was Mattersdorf and was renamed to Mattersburg in 1924. Matter developed from Martin and also refers to St. Martin of Tours, while Burg means "castle".
The area's original fortress had already been torn down by 1294. In its place, Forchtenstein Castle
Forchtenstein Castle
Forchtenstein Castle is a castle built in the late Middle Ages near the municipality of Forchtenstein in northern Burgenland, Austria.-History:...
was built.
Mattersburg was elevated to the status of a market town
Market town
Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city...
in 1354. The town was destroyed by fire in the year 1774 and again in 1856. The area's wealth increased, when the railway began running from Wiener Neustadt to Mattersburg in 1847. During the 19th century, the town was the site of a ceramic manufacture founded by János Ziegler in 1815 or 1818, producing yellow coloured wares following the style of Viennese
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
porcelain
Porcelain
Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including clay in the form of kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between and...
.
Judaism
Judaism ) is the "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people...
, as the town was one of the Burgenland Siebengemeinden
Siebengemeinden
The Siebengemeinden were 7 Jewish communities located in Eisenstadt and its surrounding area. The groups are known as Sheva Kehillot in Hebrew....
. The first Jews to settle in the town arrived in the 16th century, having been expelled from Sopron
Sopron
In 1910 Sopron had 33,932 inhabitants . Religions: 64.1% Roman Catholic, 27.8% Lutheran, 6.6% Jewish, 1.2% Calvinist, 0.3% other. In 2001 the city had 56,125 inhabitants...
, and their presence in the town increased greatly over the following years. In 1671, the Jews were forced to abandon the town at the order of Leopold I
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
| style="float:right;" | Leopold I was a Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary and King of Bohemia. A member of the Habsburg family, he was the second son of Emperor Ferdinand III and his first wife, Maria Anna of Spain. His maternal grandparents were Philip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria...
. They were allowed to return to Mattersdorf, as it was then called, in 1678, although they were forced to buy back their own possessions. The self-governing Jewish community was first merged with the rest of the town in 1902/03.
Mattersburg belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
until 1920 and it was the seat of the Nagymarton district in Sopron county
Sopron (county)
Sopron is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary in present-day eastern Austria and northwestern Hungary. The capital of the county was Sopron.- Geography :...
. After the end of the First World War, German West-Hungary was given to Austria in the Treaties of St. Germain and Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
; there it formed the new province of Burgenland. Mattersburg kept the official name of Mattersdorf until June 14, 1924; on July 2, 1926, it received town privileges.
After the Anschluss
Anschluss
The Anschluss , also known as the ', was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938....
in February 1938, the Jewish population of Mattersburg was expelled and dispossessed, so that already in the Fall of 1938, there were no more Jews in Mattersburg. In the course of the war, more than two hundred of the town's residents were missing or killed. Approximately one hundred of its Jewish residents were killed in the Holocaust. In 1978, Mattersburg incorporated the town of Walbersdorf.
Politics
The Mayor of Mattersburg is Ingrid Salamon of the SPÖSPO
- Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument...
; there are two Vice-Mayors: the first is Klaus Leitgeb of the ÖVP
OVP
OVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy...
and the second Josef Reisner of the SPÖ. The District Major of the Burough of Walbersdorf is Hubert Lang of the SPÖ and Johann Wallner is the Chief Officer.
Mattersburg's municipal council has 25 seats with party mandates as follows: 9 ÖVP, 14 SPÖ, 1 FPÖ
FPO
FPO may refer to:*Fleet Post Office, a "city" designation in military mail *Field post office, a term for military post offices in military mail systems *For position only, a designation for placeholder graphics...
, 1 Grüne
Austrian Green Party
The Greens – The Green Alternative is a political party in the Austrian parliament.The party was formed in 1986 with the name Grüne Alternative, following the merger of the more conservative Green party Vereinte Grüne Österreichs and the more progressive party Alternative Liste Österreichs The...
, other lists 0.
Sport
Mattersburg, is home for Austrian BundesligaAustrian Bundesliga
The Austrian Football Bundesliga is the highest-ranking national league club competition in Austrian football. It is the competition which decides the Austrian national football champions, as well the country's entrants for the various European cups run by UEFA.The Austrian Bundesliga, which began...
team, SV Mattersburg
SV Mattersburg
SV Mattersburg is an Austrian association football club from Mattersburg, Burgenland. For sponsorship reasons, the club is currently also known as SV Bauwelt Koch Mattersburg....
and Home of the Sports table football
Sports table football
Sports table football is the competitive game based on the board game of Subbuteo. It is administered globally by the Federation of International Sports Table Football, or FISTF...
Subbuteo
Subbuteo
Subbuteo is a set of table top games simulating team sports such as association football, cricket, both codes of rugby and hockey. The name is most closely associated with the football game, which for many years was marketed as "the replica of Association Football".The "Subbuteo" name is derived...
team,
TFC Mattersburg - the number one in the World Ranking.
People
- Pál KitaibelPál KitaibelPál Kitaibel was a Hungarian botanist and chemist.He was born at Mattersburg and studied botany and chemistry at the undersity of Buda. He became professor taught these subjects at Pest in 1794...
, born here - Áron Chorin, born in Bohemia, studied here
- Akiva EgerAkiva EgerRabbi Akiva Eger, or Akiva Güns, , was an outstanding Talmudic scholar, influential halakhic decisor and foremost leader of European Jewry during the early 19th century....
(aka Akiva Güns), born in Eisenstadt, studied here - Shmuel EhrenfeldShmuel EhrenfeldShmuel Ehrenfeld , known as the Mattersdorfer Rav, was a pre-eminent Orthodox Jewish rabbi in pre-war Austria and a respected Rav and community builder in post-war America. He established Yeshivas Chasan Sofer in New York and taught thousands of students who went on to become leaders of American...
, born here - Moses SoferMoses SoferMoses Schreiber, known to his own community and Jewish posterity as Moshe Sofer, also known by his main work Chasam Sofer, , , was one of the leading Orthodox rabbis of European Jewry in the first half of the nineteenth century...
, born in Germany, was a rabbi in here - Simcha Bunim of PeshischaSimcha Bunim of PeshischaRabbi Simcha Bunim Bonhart of Peshischa was one of the main leaders of Hasidic Judaism in Poland. After studying Torah at yeshivas in Mattersdorf and Nikolsburg, he was introduced to the world of Hasidism by his father-in-law, and became a chasid of Rabbi Yisroel Hopsztajn , and then Rabbi...
, born in Poland, studied here - Hans MalkomesHans MalkomesHans Malkomes was a Hauptsturmführer in the Waffen-SS he was born in Bremen, Germany on 15 November 1913. He graduated SS Junkerschule at Braunschweig in 1936 with the SS Number 164 526 and the NSDAP number 2 570 587 and was posted to the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler and took command of a...
, born in Bremen, buried here