Maturín
Encyclopedia
Maturín is a city in Venezuela, the capital of the Venezuela
n state
of Monagas and a centre for instrumental exploration and development of the petroleum industry in Venezuela. The metropolitan area of Maturín has a population of 401,384 inhabitants. Maturín is also a busy regional transportation hub, connecting routes from the northeastern coast to the Orinoco Delta and the Gran Sabana.
. It is right next to the Guarapiche River and it's a crossroad for roads towards the center, the Caribbean coast and the Orinoco River
a document which proves a previous foundation of the city in 1722. This primitive town was called San Juan de la Tornera de Maturín and its founder was the Spanish governor Juan de la Tornera y Sota. San Juan de la Tornera de Maturín had the category of city for Spaniards, but it did not survive very long because of the lack of population and little economical resources. At the beginning San Judas Tadeo de Maturín (Lucas de Zaragoza gave this name to Maturín) was a Spanish mission created for the conversion of Indians
Chaimas and Warao
s, who lived next to Maturín. The Spaniards decided to move to Maturín and in 19th century it received the category of city and the name of San Fernando de Maturín.
Some historians concluded that the name Maturín has a French root, not an Indian one. They based their opinions on the legend of a supposed French missionary who had explored this area at the end of 17th century. The legend says that the missionary (whose surname might have been Mathurin) baptized a young Indian and gave him the name Mathurin. This young Indian became el indio Maturín later. Besides there is a French saint who lived during 4th century whose name was Saint Mathurin
. The young Indian might have been named after this saint by the French missionary. However the legend of this supposed French missionary has not been proved yet. On the other hand other historians disagreed with that theory. They argued that there is a plant with the same name. Besides there are some place names of Indian roots which are very similar to the name Maturín.
. In this battle the Venezuelan patriots, led by Manuel Piar
, obtained a great victory against the Spanish general Juan Domingo de Monteverde
. Antonio José de Sucre
, José Francisco Bermúdez
, José Tadeo Monagas
, José Gregorio Monagas
and José Félix Ribas
were others who fought in the five battles. The last battle of Maturín (1814), however, was a defeat. Persons, who had escaped from Caracas during the military campaign of José Tomás Boves
against the republic, came to Maturín to shelter from the Spanish troops. After the battle of Urica (where Boves died) Tomás José Morales, a Spanish general, decided to take the town. The republicans defended the town, but they were beaten and many of them were murdered by Morales. The town was destroyed. Some survivors of the last battle rebuilt Maturín two years later.
Maturín has one municipality: Maturín Municipality, Venezuelan law specifies that municipal governments have four main functions: executive, legislative, comptroller, and planning. The executive function is managed by the mayor
, who is in charge of representing the municipality's administration. The legislative branch is represented by the Municipal Council, composed of seven councillors, charged with the deliberation of new decrees and local laws. The comptroller tasks are managed by the municipal comptroller
's office, which oversees accountancy
. Finally, planning is represented by the Local Public Planning Council, which manages development projects for the municipality.
Private Universities
Private Institutes of Higher Education
Importante: La Cascada Shopping Center esta ubicado en San Antonio, Altos Mirandinos, Estado Miranda. Esa foto no pertenece a este articulo, Maturin pertenece al Estado Monagas un estado distinto al Esatado Miranda.
FM stations
Cable stations
Community TV stations
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
n state
States of Venezuela
Venezuela is divided into 23 states , 1 Capital District and the Federal Dependencies that consist of a large number of Venezuelan islands...
of Monagas and a centre for instrumental exploration and development of the petroleum industry in Venezuela. The metropolitan area of Maturín has a population of 401,384 inhabitants. Maturín is also a busy regional transportation hub, connecting routes from the northeastern coast to the Orinoco Delta and the Gran Sabana.
Geography
Maturin is located at 67 meters of altitude and 520 kilometres from the country's capital, CaracasCaracas
Caracas , officially Santiago de León de Caracas, is the capital and largest city of Venezuela; natives or residents are known as Caraquenians in English . It is located in the northern part of the country, following the contours of the narrow Caracas Valley on the Venezuelan coastal mountain range...
. It is right next to the Guarapiche River and it's a crossroad for roads towards the center, the Caribbean coast and the Orinoco River
Foundation
December 7, 1760 is the official date of the foundation of Maturín (according to the Venezuelan Academy of History) by the Franciscan missionary Lucas de Zaragoza. However, the Jesuit priest Pablo Ojer found in the Archivo General de IndiasArchivo General de Indias
The Archivo General de Indias , housed in Seville, Spain, in the ancient merchants' exchange, the Casa Lonja de Mercaderes, is the document repository of extremely valuable archival documents illustrating the history of the Spanish Empire in the Americas and the Philippines...
a document which proves a previous foundation of the city in 1722. This primitive town was called San Juan de la Tornera de Maturín and its founder was the Spanish governor Juan de la Tornera y Sota. San Juan de la Tornera de Maturín had the category of city for Spaniards, but it did not survive very long because of the lack of population and little economical resources. At the beginning San Judas Tadeo de Maturín (Lucas de Zaragoza gave this name to Maturín) was a Spanish mission created for the conversion of Indians
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian inhabitants of North and South America, their descendants and other ethnic groups who are identified with those peoples. Indigenous peoples are known in Canada as Aboriginal peoples, and in the United States as Native Americans...
Chaimas and Warao
Warao
The Warao are an indigenous people inhabiting northeastern Venezuela and western Guyana. Alternate common spellings of Warao are Waroa, Guarauno, Guarao, and Warrau. The term Warao translates as "the boat people," after the Warao's lifelong and intimate connection to the water...
s, who lived next to Maturín. The Spaniards decided to move to Maturín and in 19th century it received the category of city and the name of San Fernando de Maturín.
Origin of the name Maturín
Maturín was named after an Indian chief (el Indio Maturín) who lived with his tribe next to the bank of Guarapiche River. The Indian chief was murdered by a supposed Spanish captain named Arrioja during a battle of the Indians against Spaniards in the actual location of the town in 1718. Since then the place was known as el Sitio de Maturín (place of Maturín).Some historians concluded that the name Maturín has a French root, not an Indian one. They based their opinions on the legend of a supposed French missionary who had explored this area at the end of 17th century. The legend says that the missionary (whose surname might have been Mathurin) baptized a young Indian and gave him the name Mathurin. This young Indian became el indio Maturín later. Besides there is a French saint who lived during 4th century whose name was Saint Mathurin
Maturinus
Saint Maturinus, or Mathurin was a French exorcist and missionary venerated as a saint.The first source to mention Maturinus is the Martyrology of Usuard, written in 875. In the next century, a biography of Maturinus was composed. According to his legend, Maturinus was born in Larchant. His...
. The young Indian might have been named after this saint by the French missionary. However the legend of this supposed French missionary has not been proved yet. On the other hand other historians disagreed with that theory. They argued that there is a plant with the same name. Besides there are some place names of Indian roots which are very similar to the name Maturín.
Independence war
Maturín (as a part of the Province of Cumaná) was on the republican side during the declaration of the Venezuelan independence on July 5, 1811. Five battles took place in Maturín from 1813 to 1814, including the famous Battle of Alto de los GodosBattle of Alto de los Godos
The Battle of Alto de los Godos was a battle that took place on 25 May 1813 in Maturín, Venezuela and that resulted in a patriot victory against the forces of Spanish general Domingo de Monteverde...
. In this battle the Venezuelan patriots, led by Manuel Piar
Manuel Piar
Manuel Carlos Piar was General-in-Chief of the army fighting Spain during the Venezuelan War of Independence.-Heritage and early life:...
, obtained a great victory against the Spanish general Juan Domingo de Monteverde
Juan Domingo de Monteverde
Juan Domingo de Monteverde y Rivas , commonly known as Domingo de Monteverde, was a Spanish soldier, governor and Captain General of Venezuela from June 1812 to 8 August 1813. Monteverde was the leader of Spanish forces in the Venezuelan War of Independence from 1812 to 1813...
. Antonio José de Sucre
Antonio José de Sucre
Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá , known as the "Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho" , was a Venezuelan independence leader. Sucre was one of Simón Bolívar's closest friends, generals and statesmen.-Ancestry:...
, José Francisco Bermúdez
José Francisco Bermúdez
José Francisco Bermúdez was a Venezuelan who fought in the Venezuelan War of Independence, reaching the rank of General. He is buried in the National Pantheon of Venezuela....
, José Tadeo Monagas
José Tadeo Monagas
José Tadeo Monagas Burgos was President of Venezuela 1847-1851 and 1855–1858, and a hero of the Venezuelan War of Independence...
, José Gregorio Monagas
José Gregorio Monagas
José Gregorio Monagas was President of Venezuela 1851-1855 and brother of José Tadeo Monagas.General José Gregorio Monagas was born in Aragua de Barcelona, Venezuela, in 1795. His parents were Francisco José Monagas, a merchant from the Canary Islands, and Perfecta Burgos, a native of Cojedes...
and José Félix Ribas
José Félix Ribas
José Félix Ribas , was a Venezuelan independence leader and hero of the Venezuelan War of Independence.-Early life:Ribas was the last of eleven sons, born to a prominent Caracas family. In his early years, he received a quality education and attended the city's seminary. After finishing his...
were others who fought in the five battles. The last battle of Maturín (1814), however, was a defeat. Persons, who had escaped from Caracas during the military campaign of José Tomás Boves
José Tomás Boves
José Tomás Boves , royalist caudillo of the llanos during the Venezuelan War of Independence, particularly remembered for his use of brutality and atrocities against those who supported Venezuelan independence...
against the republic, came to Maturín to shelter from the Spanish troops. After the battle of Urica (where Boves died) Tomás José Morales, a Spanish general, decided to take the town. The republicans defended the town, but they were beaten and many of them were murdered by Morales. The town was destroyed. Some survivors of the last battle rebuilt Maturín two years later.
XIX and XX centuries
Maturín grew slowly during 19th century. The causes of this lack of population were civil wars (which destroyed the former farming and livestock richness of the region and killed many people) and fatal diseases, such as malaria and yellow fever, which were caused by mosquitoes. In 1909 Maturín became capital of the new Monagas state. Before that the town was the capital of the Province Maturín from 1856 to 1859. In 20th century Maturín has had a quick demographic growth thanks to the discovery of petroleum fields near to the town and a health campaign done by doctors to finish with mosquitoes. Maturín is the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Maturín since 1958.Law and government
Mayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
, who is in charge of representing the municipality's administration. The legislative branch is represented by the Municipal Council, composed of seven councillors, charged with the deliberation of new decrees and local laws. The comptroller tasks are managed by the municipal comptroller
Comptroller
A comptroller is a management level position responsible for supervising the quality of accounting and financial reporting of an organization.In British government, the Comptroller General or Comptroller and Auditor General is in most countries the external auditor of the budget execution of the...
's office, which oversees accountancy
Accountancy
Accountancy is the process of communicating financial information about a business entity to users such as shareholders and managers. The communication is generally in the form of financial statements that show in money terms the economic resources under the control of management; the art lies in...
. Finally, planning is represented by the Local Public Planning Council, which manages development projects for the municipality.
Mayors since 1990
- María Elena de Cañizales (1990–1992) Acción Democrática
- José Enrique López Tablero (1993–1995) COPEICOPEICopei – Social Christian Party of Venezuela is a third way political party in Venezuela. The name stands for Comité de Organización Política Electoral Independiente...
, MASMasMas or Más may refer to:* Mas , a surnameIn arts:* Más , an album by Spanish singer Alejandro Sanz* "Más", a song by Kinky from their 2002 album Kinky... - Domingo Urbina Simoza (1996–2000), (2000–2004) Acción Democrática
- Numa Rojas (2004–2008) Movimiento Quinta República
- José Maicavares (2008–2012) PSUV
Economy
Maturín is one of the most important cities in the east of the country as its strategic position serves as a bridge to the other states of the region. The city has grown during the last few years mainly because of the increase of the oil industry in the state. It is possible to travel there by land or by using José Tadeo Monagas International Airport.Higher education
Public Universities- Universidad de OrienteUniversidad de OrienteThe University of Oriente Venezuela is a university located in Eastern Venezuela.The university has 5 campuses located in the states of Sucre, Anzoátegui, Monagas, Bolívar, and Nueva Esparta....
(UDO-Monagas) Website - Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador – Instituto Pedagógico de Maturín (UPEL/IPM). Website
- Universidad Nacional Abierta (UNA). Information about UNA - Monagas
- Bolivarian University of Venezuela (UBV). Website
- Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón RodríguezUniversidad Nacional Experimental Simón RodríguezUniversidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez is a university in Caracas....
(UNESR). Information about UNESR- Monagas
Private Universities
- Universidad Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho (UGMA). Information about UGMA - Maturín
- Universidad Católica Cecilio Acosta (UNICA). Se siguen allí estudios a distancia. Website
- Universidad de Margarita (UNIMAR). Únicamente se estudia allí carreras de postgrado. Website
Private Institutes of Higher Education
- Instituto Universitario Politécnico Santiago Mariño (PSM). Information about PSM- Maturín
- Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Industrial Rodolfo Loero Arismendi (IUTIRLA). Website
- Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Venezuela (IUTV). Information about IUTV- Maturín
Roman Catholic temples
- The church San Simón: the oldest church in Maturín. It was built between 1884 and 1887 and is located in front of the Plaza Bolivar.
- The cathedral Nuestra Señora del Carmen: a catholic temple of Roman style. Its construction began in 1961 and was finished in 1981. It is located on Bolívar Avenue.
Parks
- Parque de La Guaricha: a zoological park located on Raúl Leoni Avenue.
- Parque Menca de Leoni: a former zoological park. It lost that category when the Parque de La Guaricha was built. Located on Juncal Avenue.
- Parque Andrés Eloy Blanco: located on Raúl Leoni Avenue.
- Parque Padilla Ron: located in Las Cocuizas sector.
- Parque Rómulo Betancourt: located on Universidad Avenue, next to the Universidad de Oriente.
- Parque de los Guaritos: located in Los Guaritos sector.
Museums, theatres and art galleries
- Complejo Cultural de Maturín (Cultural Complex of Maturín): a group of buildings where some cultural institutions are located such as the Art School "Eloy Palacios", the Virtual Library and the Museo Mateo Manaure (Museum Mateo Manaure). The Francisco de Miranda Square and a pedestrian art gallery belong to the complex.
- Casa de la Cultura (Culture House): a small theatre located on Bolívar Avenue.
- Galería de Arte del CONAC (Art Gallery of the CONAC): it belongs to the network of art galleries of the CONAC. Located inside the Centro Comercial Guarapiche.
Importante: La Cascada Shopping Center esta ubicado en San Antonio, Altos Mirandinos, Estado Miranda. Esa foto no pertenece a este articulo, Maturin pertenece al Estado Monagas un estado distinto al Esatado Miranda.
Others
- Amana del Tamarindo: a small town located thirty minutes from Maturín. It received its name from a tamarind tree located in the town, like the Amana River. Under this tree, which still exists, was the birthplace of José Tadeo Monagas.
- Plaza Bolívar: the main town square of Maturín and also the oldest of the city. In front of it is the Palacio de Gobierno (built in 1942), where the governor of the state of Monagas carries out his duties.
Sports facilities
- Estadio Monumental de MaturínEstadio Monumental de MaturínThe Estadio Monumental de Maturín is the largest stadium in Venezuela by seating capacity, with 51,796 spectators. It was one of the venues of the 2007 Copa America...
- Complejo Polideportivo de Maturín (Sports Complex of Maturín).
Newspapers
- El Oriental (founded in 1982). Website
- La Prensa de Monagas (founded in 1998). Website
- Extra.
- El Sol de Maturín (founded in 1970). Website
- El Periódico de Monagas. Website
- El Diario Mayor. Website
Radio
AM stations- Radio Guarapiche 8.40 (founded in 1983)
- Radio Monagas 9.60 (founded in 1948)
- Radio Maturín 11.80 (founded in 1961)
FM stations
- Órbita 88.5
- Mirandina 88.9
- Rumbera 89.5
- 90.3
- La Mega 90.9
- Avanzadora 91.3
- Nacional 91.7
- Total 92.7
- Monagas 93.5 (founded in 1991)
- Shekinah Sinai 94.1 Website (Christian station).
- Gea 94.2 FM
- Maturín 94.7
- La Bolivariana 95.1
- Moriche 95.5
- Onda 96.3
- La Romántica 97.1
- La Super Radio 97.9
- Rumba 98.9
- Emisora de los trabajadores de Venezuela 99.5
- Fe y Alegría 100.1 (Roman Catholic station).
- Turística 100.7
- Fiesta 102.1
- Caliente 102.9
- La Preferida 104.5 Website
- Vía de Escape 105.5 Website (Christian station).
- XL 106.7 Website
- Reviviendo tu espíritu 107.7 (Christian station).
- Éxitos 107
TV stations
Regional network- TVOTelevisora de OrienteTelevisora de Oriente, or TVO, is a Venezuelan television station that can be seen in the Venezuelan states of Anzoátegui , Monagas , Nueva Esparta , and Sucre . Some people in the Miranda and Guárico states can also pick up the signal of TVO...
Monagas. Website
Cable stations
- Monagas T.V.
- MonagasVisión.
- Visión TV: (Christian TV station)
- Satelital TV.
Community TV stations
- Telematurín.
- Rojas TV.
- Fray Lucas de Zaragoza Televisión (FLZTV).
External links
- http://maturin-monagas.gob.ve/ (Spanish)
- http://www.monagas.gov.ve/detalle_municipio.asp?municipio=Maturín (Spanish)
- http://www.lomejordematurin.com (Spanish)