Mauá
Encyclopedia
Mauá is a municipality in the state of São Paulo
, in Brazil
. Is part of the metropolitan region of São Paulo. The population as of 2006 is 413,943 inhabitants (11º largest city in population of the state), the density is 6,645.4/km² and the area is 62.6 km². The density is even greater, since one third of the city is industrial area and 10% is rural or forest. This place name comes from the Tupi language and means, the one that is high. As it's a municipality, it can be translated to high city.
Mauá has the 23rd largest GDP of São Paulo state.
Is the birthplace of brazilian mother tableware industry.
, the RECAP. These poles transformed Mauá into one of the largest industrial parks in the country. Major road interventions are being implemented (the Beltway and the prolongation of the Avenue Jacu-Pêssego/Nova Trabalhadores), which, due to easier access to the city should influence the growth of industrial activity which today suffers from the bottleneck of the road network and its chronic lack of maintenance.
Some companies with headquarters or branches in the municipality of Mauá: ALCAN
(Aluminum), CGE
(metallurgical), Petrobras
(petroleum refining, cooking gas and nitrogen), Philips
(Lamps division), LED, Liquigas
(cooking gas), Chevron
-Oronite (petroleum products), Oxiteno-Ultrapar
(gas oil products, except CNG), Firestone
(tires), Saint-Gobain
(automotive glass), Magneti Marelli-Cofap (metallurgy and automotive parts).
that leaves the Terminal Sônia Maria.
Currently, the city bus system is operated by the companies Viação Cidade de Mauá and Grupo Leblon.
The city is located 818 meters above sea level, at the boundary between the Serra do Mar
and the plateau. As a result, the city's climate is considered subtropical, with average temperature during the year at around 18°C, rarely exceeding 30°C in summer. In winter the average is 14°C.
Topography
The landscape of Mauá is dominated by the formation of steep hills and peaks, typical of the Serra do Mar
and by deep valleys and wetlands, today mostly grounded and occupied in a disordered way, which explains the high incidence of flooding. Only the valley of Tamanduateí River
on Capuava district is typically flat. Historical account describe the place as where the first bandeirantes
, coming from São Vicente, saw the Planalto Paulista (São Paulo plateau) region and gave the name of Borda do Campo (that means Boundary of the Countryside) to the region, for making the transition between the Serra do Mar and the Planalto Paulista. The highest point in town is the Morro Pelado (Naked Hill), with 867 meters (the third highest of the Greater São Paulo
), but the city is, on average, the highest of metropolitan region, due to the lack of flat areas.
Hydrography
The city has a special characteristic hydrographic: not be crossed by any water course from another city, since, due to the high altitude, all streams that cross the territory of Mauá born in the city.
In the city born the Tamanduateí River, the third largest affluent of the Tietê River
in Greater Sao Paulo, the Oratório river and the Pinheirinho and Guaió rivers. The most important waterways in the urban area are the Taboão Stream, the Corumbé Stream and the Stream Capitão João (under which is the XXII November square, the downtown). Due to the disordered occupation of the floodplains, many places that before worked as absorbers of excess rain water were grounded and the city has several points at high risk of flooding. The situation was eased with the construction of four reservoirs between the years 1998 and 2002. However, due to lack of maintenance, excessive garbage and siltation, the reservoirs can not effectively contain the total flood risk.
Besides the disordered occupation, lack of sewerage and waste treatment makes the urban waterways completely polluted.
Vegetation
The city, due to great variation in altitude has a broad spectrum of natural landscapes, although much has been transformed by human occupation. The hillsides were originally occupied by a lush Atlantic Forest, though already mixed with species of Araucaria and Planalto Paulista typical of altitude climate. In the city, the Atlantic Forest areas most preserved are the wellsprings, the tank of Paulista, the Ecological Park Santa Luzia and the slopes of Guaraciaba. The wetlands were largely covered by reeds and cattails, plants typical of wetlands and marshlands. Currently, only the Taboão stream have the original vegetation in the urban environment, but will lose much of it due to rectification works to link up with the new Beltway. The valleys of the rivers Guaió and Pinheirinho and the region of Cappburgo are still with this vegetation, despite growing local slum. The peaks of the hills, especially the higher were covered by grasses and thin vegetation, currently the chief representative is the Morro Pelado, which takes its name from the very low vegetation cover.
São Paulo (state)
São Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial complex, and economic production in the country. It is the richest state in Brazil...
, in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
. Is part of the metropolitan region of São Paulo. The population as of 2006 is 413,943 inhabitants (11º largest city in population of the state), the density is 6,645.4/km² and the area is 62.6 km². The density is even greater, since one third of the city is industrial area and 10% is rural or forest. This place name comes from the Tupi language and means, the one that is high. As it's a municipality, it can be translated to high city.
Mauá has the 23rd largest GDP of São Paulo state.
Is the birthplace of brazilian mother tableware industry.
Economy
Although there are various types of economic activity in the city (Logistics, Metallurgy, Chemical and Electrical Materials, and Petrochemical), Maua is still remembered as the "Capital of China and Pottery", because this activity has been very important for the development of the municipality. There are two industrial centers (Capuava and Sertãozinho) and a large petrochemical complex located where is the refinery of PetrobrasPetrobras
Petróleo Brasileiro or Petrobras is a semi-public Brazilian multinational energy corporation headquartered in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the largest company in Latin America by market capitalization and revenue, and the largest company headquartered in the Southern Hemisphere by market...
, the RECAP. These poles transformed Mauá into one of the largest industrial parks in the country. Major road interventions are being implemented (the Beltway and the prolongation of the Avenue Jacu-Pêssego/Nova Trabalhadores), which, due to easier access to the city should influence the growth of industrial activity which today suffers from the bottleneck of the road network and its chronic lack of maintenance.
Some companies with headquarters or branches in the municipality of Mauá: ALCAN
Alcan
Rio Tinto Alcan Inc. is a Canadian company based in Montreal. It was created on November 15, 2007 as the result of the merger between Rio Tinto PLC's Canadian subsidiary, Rio Tinto Canada Holding Inc., and Canadian company Alcan Inc. On the same date, Alcan Inc. was renamed Rio Tinto Alcan Inc..Rio...
(Aluminum), CGE
CGE
CGE may refer to:* Conservative Group for Europe, known since April 2009 as Conservative Europe Group* Canadian General Electric* The Center for Gifted Education...
(metallurgical), Petrobras
Petrobras
Petróleo Brasileiro or Petrobras is a semi-public Brazilian multinational energy corporation headquartered in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the largest company in Latin America by market capitalization and revenue, and the largest company headquartered in the Southern Hemisphere by market...
(petroleum refining, cooking gas and nitrogen), Philips
Philips
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. , more commonly known as Philips, is a multinational Dutch electronics company....
(Lamps division), LED, Liquigas
Liquigas
Liquigas-Cannondale is an Italian professional road bicycle racing team in the UCI ProTour. The current title sponsor is Liquigas, a provider of liquified gas products in Italy. The second sponsor, Cannondale, is an American bicycle manufacturing company, whose sponsorship has led to a small...
(cooking gas), Chevron
Chevron Corporation
Chevron Corporation is an American multinational energy corporation headquartered in San Ramon, California, United States and active in more than 180 countries. It is engaged in every aspect of the oil, gas, and geothermal energy industries, including exploration and production; refining,...
-Oronite (petroleum products), Oxiteno-Ultrapar
Ultrapar
Ultrapar is a Brazilian group, with operations in Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, USA and Venezuela, and differentiated position in the three segments in which to operate its business units: distribution of fuel through the Petroleo Ipiranga and Ultragaz , production of chemicals through Oxiteno and...
(gas oil products, except CNG), Firestone
Firestone Tire and Rubber Company
The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company is an American tire company founded by Harvey Firestone in 1900 to supply pneumatic tires for wagons, buggies, and other forms of wheeled transportation common in the era. Firestone soon saw the huge potential for marketing tires for automobiles. The company...
(tires), Saint-Gobain
Saint-Gobain
Saint-Gobain S.A. is a French multinational corporation, founded in 1665 in Paris and headquartered on the outskirts of Paris at La Défense and in Courbevoie. Originally a mirror manufacturer, it now also produces a variety of construction and high-performance materials.The company has its head...
(automotive glass), Magneti Marelli-Cofap (metallurgy and automotive parts).
Transport
It's served by the trains of line 10 of the CPTM, passing through the Capuava, Mauá and Guapituba stations. It's also served by the METRA bus rapid transit, having one stop and a trolleybus lineTrolleybuses in São Paulo
Trolleybuses in São Paulo provide a portion of the public transport service in Greater São Paulo, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with two independent trolleybus systems...
that leaves the Terminal Sônia Maria.
Currently, the city bus system is operated by the companies Viação Cidade de Mauá and Grupo Leblon.
Geography
ClimateThe city is located 818 meters above sea level, at the boundary between the Serra do Mar
Serra do Mar
Serra do Mar is a 1,500 km long system of mountain ranges and escarpments in Southeastern Brazil, which runs in parallel to the Atlantic Ocean coast from the state of Espírito Santo to southern Santa Catarina, although some include Serra Geral in the Serra do Mar, in which case this range...
and the plateau. As a result, the city's climate is considered subtropical, with average temperature during the year at around 18°C, rarely exceeding 30°C in summer. In winter the average is 14°C.
Topography
The landscape of Mauá is dominated by the formation of steep hills and peaks, typical of the Serra do Mar
Serra do Mar
Serra do Mar is a 1,500 km long system of mountain ranges and escarpments in Southeastern Brazil, which runs in parallel to the Atlantic Ocean coast from the state of Espírito Santo to southern Santa Catarina, although some include Serra Geral in the Serra do Mar, in which case this range...
and by deep valleys and wetlands, today mostly grounded and occupied in a disordered way, which explains the high incidence of flooding. Only the valley of Tamanduateí River
Tamanduateí River
The Tamanduateí River is a river of São Paulo state in southeastern Brazil.-References:*...
on Capuava district is typically flat. Historical account describe the place as where the first bandeirantes
Bandeirantes
The bandeirantes were composed of Indians , caboclos , and some whites who were the captains of the Bandeiras. Members of the 16th–18th century South American slave-hunting expeditions called bandeiras...
, coming from São Vicente, saw the Planalto Paulista (São Paulo plateau) region and gave the name of Borda do Campo (that means Boundary of the Countryside) to the region, for making the transition between the Serra do Mar and the Planalto Paulista. The highest point in town is the Morro Pelado (Naked Hill), with 867 meters (the third highest of the Greater São Paulo
Greater São Paulo
The Greater São Paulo is a nonspecific term for one of the multiple definitions the large metropolitan area located in the São Paulo state in Brazil.-Definitions:-Metropolitan Area:...
), but the city is, on average, the highest of metropolitan region, due to the lack of flat areas.
Hydrography
The city has a special characteristic hydrographic: not be crossed by any water course from another city, since, due to the high altitude, all streams that cross the territory of Mauá born in the city.
In the city born the Tamanduateí River, the third largest affluent of the Tietê River
Tietê River
The Tietê River is a Brazilian river in the state of São Paulo.The source is in Salesópolis in the Serra do Mar, at 1,120 m altitude...
in Greater Sao Paulo, the Oratório river and the Pinheirinho and Guaió rivers. The most important waterways in the urban area are the Taboão Stream, the Corumbé Stream and the Stream Capitão João (under which is the XXII November square, the downtown). Due to the disordered occupation of the floodplains, many places that before worked as absorbers of excess rain water were grounded and the city has several points at high risk of flooding. The situation was eased with the construction of four reservoirs between the years 1998 and 2002. However, due to lack of maintenance, excessive garbage and siltation, the reservoirs can not effectively contain the total flood risk.
Besides the disordered occupation, lack of sewerage and waste treatment makes the urban waterways completely polluted.
Vegetation
The city, due to great variation in altitude has a broad spectrum of natural landscapes, although much has been transformed by human occupation. The hillsides were originally occupied by a lush Atlantic Forest, though already mixed with species of Araucaria and Planalto Paulista typical of altitude climate. In the city, the Atlantic Forest areas most preserved are the wellsprings, the tank of Paulista, the Ecological Park Santa Luzia and the slopes of Guaraciaba. The wetlands were largely covered by reeds and cattails, plants typical of wetlands and marshlands. Currently, only the Taboão stream have the original vegetation in the urban environment, but will lose much of it due to rectification works to link up with the new Beltway. The valleys of the rivers Guaió and Pinheirinho and the region of Cappburgo are still with this vegetation, despite growing local slum. The peaks of the hills, especially the higher were covered by grasses and thin vegetation, currently the chief representative is the Morro Pelado, which takes its name from the very low vegetation cover.