McDougall-Campbell House
Encyclopedia
The McDougall–Campbell House is an English Arts and Crafts-style house in Portland
, Oregon
, United States
. It has elements of the English Cottage Style incorporated into the design. The house was designed by architect Josef Jacobberger and built in 1910.
Dominant are characteristics of the Arts and Crafts Movement
, including use of natural materials (wood, brick, tile, stone), built-in cabinetry, shingles, a variety of window types, asymmetrical floor plans, multiple steeply pitched gables, an open porch, brick chimneys and rooms with an open flow extending to the exterior.
Important are elements of the English Cottage style including the eyebrow dormer
, wrought iron
work and the jerkinhead or clipped gable that is an architectural feature whose origins trace back to the thatched roof
of Medieval England.
Jacoberger's use of the jerkinhead gable
on the McDougall–Campbell House represents one of the earliest uses of that particular feature in Portland and the earliest known use of it by Jacobberger. This is significant because Jacobberger was admired and his creatively conceived, prominently placed architectural elements on houses were copied by other architects and builders. Because of this early use by Jacobberger, the jerkinhead gable became familiar with Portland architects and builders a decade before it appeared as a commonplace element on English Cottage Style houses of the 1920s.
Jacobberger designed three residences in Portland displaying the jerkinhead gables. The first was the McDougall–Campbell House in 1910. The second was the Arts and Crafts Style Alfred H. and Mary E. Smith House
of 1912. He did not use it again until he designed the 1922 English Cottage Style Dr. James Rosenfeld House
.
Landscaping contributes to the setting of the McDougall–Campbell House. Trees, shrubs, stone steps, lawn areas, walkways, a terracotta tiled patio, and terraces make up the yard, which is informal, overgrown and reminiscent of an English garden
. A rock retaining wall runs the length of the property.
The Alexander McDougall Family purchased Lot 25 in Blythswood, the addition to Willamette Heights, in 1912. Their newlywed daughter, Marie McDougall, and her groom, Casmir Campbell, took possession of the Jacobberger-designed house that existed on the western portion of the lot. Alexander and his son, Natt, commissioned architect Ellis F. Lawrence
to design their homes on the remaining lot. The three grand residences were connected by paths and raised footbridges to create the McDougall Estate.
Portland, Oregon
Portland is a city located in the Pacific Northwest, near the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 583,776, making it the 29th most populous city in the United States...
, Oregon
Oregon
Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is located on the Pacific coast, with Washington to the north, California to the south, Nevada on the southeast and Idaho to the east. The Columbia and Snake rivers delineate much of Oregon's northern and eastern...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. It has elements of the English Cottage Style incorporated into the design. The house was designed by architect Josef Jacobberger and built in 1910.
Dominant are characteristics of the Arts and Crafts Movement
Arts and Crafts movement
Arts and Crafts was an international design philosophy that originated in England and flourished between 1860 and 1910 , continuing its influence until the 1930s...
, including use of natural materials (wood, brick, tile, stone), built-in cabinetry, shingles, a variety of window types, asymmetrical floor plans, multiple steeply pitched gables, an open porch, brick chimneys and rooms with an open flow extending to the exterior.
Important are elements of the English Cottage style including the eyebrow dormer
Dormer
A dormer is a structural element of a building that protrudes from the plane of a sloping roof surface. Dormers are used, either in original construction or as later additions, to create usable space in the roof of a building by adding headroom and usually also by enabling addition of windows.Often...
, wrought iron
Wrought iron
thumb|The [[Eiffel tower]] is constructed from [[puddle iron]], a form of wrought ironWrought iron is an iron alloy with a very low carbon...
work and the jerkinhead or clipped gable that is an architectural feature whose origins trace back to the thatched roof
Thatching
Thatching is the craft of building a roof with dry vegetation such as straw, water reed, sedge , rushes, or heather, layering the vegetation so as to shed water away from the inner roof. It is a very old roofing method and has been used in both tropical and temperate climates...
of Medieval England.
Jacoberger's use of the jerkinhead gable
Gable
A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable...
on the McDougall–Campbell House represents one of the earliest uses of that particular feature in Portland and the earliest known use of it by Jacobberger. This is significant because Jacobberger was admired and his creatively conceived, prominently placed architectural elements on houses were copied by other architects and builders. Because of this early use by Jacobberger, the jerkinhead gable became familiar with Portland architects and builders a decade before it appeared as a commonplace element on English Cottage Style houses of the 1920s.
Jacobberger designed three residences in Portland displaying the jerkinhead gables. The first was the McDougall–Campbell House in 1910. The second was the Arts and Crafts Style Alfred H. and Mary E. Smith House
Alfred H. and Mary E. Smith House
The Alfred H. and Mary E. Smith House is a house located in southwest Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places.-References:...
of 1912. He did not use it again until he designed the 1922 English Cottage Style Dr. James Rosenfeld House
Dr. James Rosenfeld House
The Dr. James Rosenfeld House is a house located in southwest Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places.-References:...
.
Landscaping contributes to the setting of the McDougall–Campbell House. Trees, shrubs, stone steps, lawn areas, walkways, a terracotta tiled patio, and terraces make up the yard, which is informal, overgrown and reminiscent of an English garden
English garden
The English garden, also called English landscape park , is a style of Landscape garden which emerged in England in the early 18th century, and spread across Europe, replacing the more formal, symmetrical Garden à la française of the 17th century as the principal gardening style of Europe. The...
. A rock retaining wall runs the length of the property.
The Alexander McDougall Family purchased Lot 25 in Blythswood, the addition to Willamette Heights, in 1912. Their newlywed daughter, Marie McDougall, and her groom, Casmir Campbell, took possession of the Jacobberger-designed house that existed on the western portion of the lot. Alexander and his son, Natt, commissioned architect Ellis F. Lawrence
Ellis F. Lawrence
Ellis Fuller Lawrence was an American architect who worked primarily in the U.S. state of Oregon. In 1914, he helped found and was the first dean of the University of Oregon's School of Architecture and Allied Arts, a position he held until his death.Lawrence concurrently served as campus...
to design their homes on the remaining lot. The three grand residences were connected by paths and raised footbridges to create the McDougall Estate.