Mianyang
Encyclopedia
Mianyang is the second largest prefecture-level city
of Sichuan
province in Southwest China
. Its administrative area includes the city proper of Mianyang, with 985,586 inhabitants in the built up area (2 urban counties), the county-level city
of Jiangyou
, and six counties, covering an area of over 20281 square kilometres (7,830.5 sq mi) and a population of 4,613,862 at the 2010 census.
Mianyang is home to the CAEP and Science City, an immense Military Research Complex which was the site of the development of China first nuclear bomb.
The city proper itself was only lightly damaged by the earthquake
of 12 May 2008. However, Beichuan County, which is in the prefecture is among the most severely hit of all disaster regions following the earthquake, including the Beichuan High School campus, where more than 1,000 students lost their lives after two main buildings collapsed.
Around 80% of the county's buildings are said to have collapsed, including its main government building.
The casualty toll for the quake in Mianyang Prefecture as of 7 June 2008 was 21,963 people killed, 167,742 injured, and 8,744 people missing.
, on the upper to middle reaches of the Fu River
. Its administrative area ranges in latitude from 30° 42' to 33° 03' N and in longitude from 103° 45' to 105° 43' E. Bordering prefectures are Guangyuan
to the northeast, Nanchong
to the east, Suining
to the south, Deyang
to the southwest, Ngawa Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture to the west. It also borders Gansu
province for a small section in the north.
Mianyang has a monsoon
-influenced humid subtropical climate
(Köppen
Cwa) and is largely mild and humid, with four distinct seasons. Winter is short, mild, and foggy, though actual precipitation is low. January averages 5.3 °C (41.5 °F), and while frost may occur, snow is rare. Summers are long, hot and humid, with highs often exceeding 30 °C (86 °F). The daily average in July, the warmest month, is 25.7 °C (78.3 °F). Rainfall is light in winter and can be heavy in summer, and more than 70% of the annual total occurs from May to September. The annual frost-free period across most of the prefecture lasts from 252 to 300 days, and there are only 1,100 hours of sunshine annually, which is not even 30% of the possible total.
to the provincial capital of Chengdu
as well as the Baocheng Railway running from Baoji
in Shaanxi
province to Chengdu.
Mianyang Airport
has direct flights to Beijing
, Shanghai
, Guangzhou
, Shenzhen
, Kunming
, and Hangzhou
.
and China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
. Many large-scale enterprises, such as Changhong Electronics Group Corporation
, Sichuan DND Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiuzhou Electronics Group, Shuangma Cement Group, and Changcheng Special Steel Company also have their home in Mianyang.
Mianyang is an important national defence, scientific research and production base, consisting of 18 institutes including the China Academy of Engineering Physics and the China Aerodynamics Research Institute. Moreover, it houses 50 large and medium size enterprises, and six science colleges.
The provincial government will hand over greater administrative powers of economic management at the provincial-level authority to propel the development of Mianyang. The new economy management authority will pay close attention to the construction of the scientific city. The provincial committee party and government are presently drafting the "Opinions on Propelling China Scientific City Construction" report which is expected to come out soon.
Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone was established in 1992, with a planned area of 43 square kilometers. The zone is situated 96 kilometers away from Chengdu, and is 8 km away from Mianyang Airport. Since its establishment, the zone accumulated 177.4 billion yuan of industrial output, 46.2 billion yuan of gross domestic product, fiscal revenue 6.768 billion yuan. There are more than 136 high-tech enterprises in the zone and they accounted for more than 90% of the total industrial output.
Zone is a leader in electronic information industry, biological medicine, new materials and production of motor vehicles and parts.RightSite.asia | Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone
The most famous one is Southwest University of Science and Technology. SWUST is located in Mianyang City ---- the science and technology city of China, about 100 km away from Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province, P. R. China. SWUST has a large, beautiful campus. The campus covers an area of 4000 mu (about 260 hectares). It is not only beautiful with green hills, clean rivers and luxuriant vegetation and but also equipped with advanced teaching facilitates. There is a wide-band multi-media campus network, which connected with Internet. The student dorm has an access of telephone, Internet and TV. There are over 900,000 copies of books and over 10,000 electronic books in the library. The studying and living facilities are all ready on the campus.
, and boasts many historical relics of the Three Kingdoms
period.
Several minorities live in Mianyang, such as the Tibetan
and Qiang people.
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
of Sichuan
Sichuan
' , known formerly in the West by its postal map spellings of Szechwan or Szechuan is a province in Southwest China with its capital in Chengdu...
province in Southwest China
Southwest China
Southwest China is a region of the People's Republic of China defined by governmental bureaus that includes the municipality of Chongqing, the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou, and the Tibet Autonomous Region.-Provinces:-Municipalities:...
. Its administrative area includes the city proper of Mianyang, with 985,586 inhabitants in the built up area (2 urban counties), the county-level city
County-level city
A county-level city is a county-level administrative division of mainland China. County-level cities are usually governed by prefecture-level divisions, but a few are governed directly by province-level divisions....
of Jiangyou
Jiangyou
Jiangyou is a Chinese county-level city located in Mianyang, Sichuan. The city proper is subdivided into four urban districts and has jurisdiction over 21 towns, and 19 rural townships...
, and six counties, covering an area of over 20281 square kilometres (7,830.5 sq mi) and a population of 4,613,862 at the 2010 census.
History
Mianyang, called Fujun in ancient times, had advanced in agriculture during the Qin (221–206 BCE) and Han (206 BCE–220 CE) dynasties. It has a history of over 2,200 years since the Emperor Gaozu of Han established the first county in this area in 201 BCE. Due to its advantageous geographic location, it had always been a town of great military importance and formed a natural defence for Chengdu.Mianyang is home to the CAEP and Science City, an immense Military Research Complex which was the site of the development of China first nuclear bomb.
The city proper itself was only lightly damaged by the earthquake
2008 Sichuan earthquake
The 2008 Sichuan earthquake or the Great Sichuan Earthquake was a deadly earthquake that measured at 8.0 Msand 7.9 Mw occurred at 14:28:01 CST...
of 12 May 2008. However, Beichuan County, which is in the prefecture is among the most severely hit of all disaster regions following the earthquake, including the Beichuan High School campus, where more than 1,000 students lost their lives after two main buildings collapsed.
Around 80% of the county's buildings are said to have collapsed, including its main government building.
The casualty toll for the quake in Mianyang Prefecture as of 7 June 2008 was 21,963 people killed, 167,742 injured, and 8,744 people missing.
Geography and climate
Mianyang is located at the northwestern end of the Sichuan BasinSichuan basin
The Sichuan Basin is a lowland region in southwestern China. Despite its historical name, it is not only synonymous to Sichuan province, comprising its central and eastern portions as well as part of Chongqing Municipality...
, on the upper to middle reaches of the Fu River
Fu River
-See also:*List of rivers in China...
. Its administrative area ranges in latitude from 30° 42' to 33° 03' N and in longitude from 103° 45' to 105° 43' E. Bordering prefectures are Guangyuan
Guangyuan
Guangyuan is a prefecture-level city in Sichuan Province, China. It has an area of 16313.78 square kilometers and a population of 2,484,123 in 2010...
to the northeast, Nanchong
Nanchong
Nanchong is a prefecture-level city in the northeast of Sichuan Province of the People's Republic of China, with an area of 12,479 kilometers. and the home to 7,300,000 people. It has the second most populated area and suggested to be one of the eight largest cities of Sichuan Province...
to the east, Suining
Suining
-Places of Interest:Suining is a booming city with a wide range of roles, not just limit to the Excellent Tourism City of China, but also include the Finance and Ecological City of China,the National Landscape City,and the National Hygiene City,etc.According to the local legend, Suining is the...
to the south, Deyang
Deyang
Deyang is a prefecture-level city in Sichuan province, China. Deyang is a wealthy, mostly industrial city, with the Erzhong Heavy Machinery Company Deyang is a prefecture-level city in Sichuan province, China. Deyang is a wealthy, mostly industrial city, with the Erzhong Heavy Machinery Company...
to the southwest, Ngawa Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture to the west. It also borders Gansu
Gansu
' is a province located in the northwest of the People's Republic of China.It lies between the Tibetan and Huangtu plateaus, and borders Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and Ningxia to the north, Xinjiang and Qinghai to the west, Sichuan to the south, and Shaanxi to the east...
province for a small section in the north.
Mianyang has a monsoon
Monsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...
-influenced humid subtropical climate
Humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...
(Köppen
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
Cwa) and is largely mild and humid, with four distinct seasons. Winter is short, mild, and foggy, though actual precipitation is low. January averages 5.3 °C (41.5 °F), and while frost may occur, snow is rare. Summers are long, hot and humid, with highs often exceeding 30 °C (86 °F). The daily average in July, the warmest month, is 25.7 °C (78.3 °F). Rainfall is light in winter and can be heavy in summer, and more than 70% of the annual total occurs from May to September. The annual frost-free period across most of the prefecture lasts from 252 to 300 days, and there are only 1,100 hours of sunshine annually, which is not even 30% of the possible total.
Transport
The city has both highway and railway connections to several major cities, and is situated on the road from Xi'anXi'an
Xi'an is the capital of the Shaanxi province, and a sub-provincial city in the People's Republic of China. One of the oldest cities in China, with more than 3,100 years of history, the city was known as Chang'an before the Ming Dynasty...
to the provincial capital of Chengdu
Chengdu
Chengdu , formerly transliterated Chengtu, is the capital of Sichuan province in Southwest China. It holds sub-provincial administrative status...
as well as the Baocheng Railway running from Baoji
Baoji
Baoji is a prefecture-level city in Shaanxi province, China.-Geography:The prefecture-level city of Baoji has a population of 3,716,731 according to the 2010 Chinese census, inhabiting an area of . The city itself has a population of approximately 800,000. Surrounded on three sides by hills,...
in Shaanxi
Shaanxi
' is a province in the central part of Mainland China, and it includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River in addition to the Qinling Mountains across the southern part of this province...
province to Chengdu.
Mianyang Airport
Mianyang Airport
Mianyang Nanjiao Airport is an airport in the suburb of the City of Mianyang in Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China.Approximately 10km from downtown Mianyang, the airport is constructed in the southern suburb of the city, after which the airport is named . Commercial flights began in...
has direct flights to Beijing
Beijing
Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
, Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
, Guangzhou
Guangzhou
Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
, Shenzhen
Shenzhen
Shenzhen is a major city in the south of Southern China's Guangdong Province, situated immediately north of Hong Kong. The area became China's first—and one of the most successful—Special Economic Zones...
, Kunming
Kunming
' is the capital and largest city of Yunnan Province in Southwest China. It was known as Yunnan-Fou until the 1920s. A prefecture-level city, it is the political, economic, communications and cultural centre of Yunnan, and is the seat of the provincial government...
, and Hangzhou
Hangzhou
Hangzhou , formerly transliterated as Hangchow, is the capital and largest city of Zhejiang Province in Eastern China. Governed as a sub-provincial city, and as of 2010, its entire administrative division or prefecture had a registered population of 8.7 million people...
.
Economy
Mianyang is one of China's major centres for the electronics industry. It has many well-known research institutions, such as the China Academy of Engineering PhysicsChina Academy of Engineering Physics
China Academy of Engineering Physics is founded in October, 1958. It is the research and manufacturing center of Chinese nuclear weapons....
and China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center was founded in 1968. It is the largest research and testing institute of aerodynamics in China. The center is located in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province. Currently there are more than 1,600 scientists and technicians working there.-External links:*...
. Many large-scale enterprises, such as Changhong Electronics Group Corporation
Changhong
Sichuan Changhong Electric Co. is a consumer electronics company based in Mianyang, China and founded on 1958. It is the second largest manufacturer of televisions in China. In 2004, 90% of the television sets exported from China to the United States were made by Changhong.In 2010, they made a...
, Sichuan DND Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiuzhou Electronics Group, Shuangma Cement Group, and Changcheng Special Steel Company also have their home in Mianyang.
Mianyang is an important national defence, scientific research and production base, consisting of 18 institutes including the China Academy of Engineering Physics and the China Aerodynamics Research Institute. Moreover, it houses 50 large and medium size enterprises, and six science colleges.
The provincial government will hand over greater administrative powers of economic management at the provincial-level authority to propel the development of Mianyang. The new economy management authority will pay close attention to the construction of the scientific city. The provincial committee party and government are presently drafting the "Opinions on Propelling China Scientific City Construction" report which is expected to come out soon.
Development Zone
- Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone
Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone was established in 1992, with a planned area of 43 square kilometers. The zone is situated 96 kilometers away from Chengdu, and is 8 km away from Mianyang Airport. Since its establishment, the zone accumulated 177.4 billion yuan of industrial output, 46.2 billion yuan of gross domestic product, fiscal revenue 6.768 billion yuan. There are more than 136 high-tech enterprises in the zone and they accounted for more than 90% of the total industrial output.
Zone is a leader in electronic information industry, biological medicine, new materials and production of motor vehicles and parts.RightSite.asia | Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone
Education
There are 6 universities and colleges in the city, and it is well known as a science and technology centre.The most famous one is Southwest University of Science and Technology. SWUST is located in Mianyang City ---- the science and technology city of China, about 100 km away from Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province, P. R. China. SWUST has a large, beautiful campus. The campus covers an area of 4000 mu (about 260 hectares). It is not only beautiful with green hills, clean rivers and luxuriant vegetation and but also equipped with advanced teaching facilitates. There is a wide-band multi-media campus network, which connected with Internet. The student dorm has an access of telephone, Internet and TV. There are over 900,000 copies of books and over 10,000 electronic books in the library. The studying and living facilities are all ready on the campus.
People
It is the hometown of the famous poet Li BaiLi Bai
Li Bai , also known in the West by various other transliterations, especially Li Po, was a major Chinese poet of the Tang dynasty poetry period. He has been regarded as one of the greatest poets in China's Tang period, which is often called China's "golden age" of poetry. Around a thousand existing...
, and boasts many historical relics of the Three Kingdoms
Three Kingdoms
The Three Kingdoms period was a period in Chinese history, part of an era of disunity called the "Six Dynasties" following immediately the loss of de facto power of the Han Dynasty rulers. In a strict academic sense it refers to the period between the foundation of the state of Wei in 220 and the...
period.
Several minorities live in Mianyang, such as the Tibetan
Tibetan people
The Tibetan people are an ethnic group that is native to Tibet, which is mostly in the People's Republic of China. They number 5.4 million and are the 10th largest ethnic group in the country. Significant Tibetan minorities also live in India, Nepal, and Bhutan...
and Qiang people.
Subdivisions
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2004 est.) |
Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
| 1 | Fucheng District Fucheng District Fucheng District is a district of Mianyang, Sichuan, China.... |
涪城区 | Fúchéng Qū | 620,000 | 597 | 1,039 |
| 2 | Youxian District Youxian District Youxian District is a district of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of Mianyang city.... |
游仙区 | Yóuxiān Qū | 510,000 | 973 | 524 |
| 3 | Jiangyou City Jiangyou Jiangyou is a Chinese county-level city located in Mianyang, Sichuan. The city proper is subdivided into four urban districts and has jurisdiction over 21 towns, and 19 rural townships... |
江油市 | Jiāngyóu Shì | 870,000 | 2,720 | 320 |
| 4 | Santai County Santai County Santai County is a county in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province of China.It has an area of 2660.58 square kilometers. Population density 553 per square kilometers. Its population is 1,470,000.-External links:*... |
三台县 | Sāntái Xiàn | 1,460,000 | 2,661 | 549 |
| 5 | Yanting County Yanting County Yanting County is a county in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province of China.It has an area of 1645 square kilometers, and a population of 590,000 in 2002.-External links:*... |
盐亭县 | Yántíng Xiàn | 590,000 | 1,645 | 359 |
| 6 | An County An County An County is a county in Mianyang, Sichuan, China.It has an area of 1,404 square kilometers and a population of 500,000.-Administrative divisions:An County has 17 towns and 3 townships.*Towns:**Anchang... |
安县 | Ān Xiàn | 510,000 | 1,404 | 363 |
| 7 | Zitong County Zitong County Zitong County is a county in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province of China.It has an area of 1438 square kilometers, and a population of 380,000 in 2002. It is 172 kilometers from Chengdu, and 49 kilometers from Mianyang, and is regarded as a pearl on the economic development golden line in Sichuan.The... |
梓潼县 | Zǐtóng Xiàn | 380,000 | 1,438 | 264 |
| 8 | Pingwu County Pingwu County Pingwu County is a county in Mianyang, Sichuan province, China.It has an area of 5959.71 square kilometers and a population of 190,000 in 2004.-Administrative divisions:Pingwu County has 9 towns, 7 townships, and 9 ethnic townships.*Towns:... |
平武县 | Píngwǔ Xiàn | 190,000 | 5,974 | 32 |
| 9 | Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County is a county under the jurisdiction of Mianyang Municipality in, Sichuan, China. It is located in an ethnically diverse mountainous region of Sichuan. Its Chinese name literally means "North" "River"... |
北川羌族 自治县 |
Běichuān Qiāngzú Zìzhìxiàn |
160,000 | 2,869 | 56 |