Middle North Sea Group
Encyclopedia
| Marine Marine (ocean) Marine is an umbrella term. As an adjective it is usually applicable to things relating to the sea or ocean, such as marine biology, marine ecology and marine geology... |
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| Veldhoven Formation Veldhoven Formation The Veldhoven Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands. The formation consists of an alternation of marine clay and sand from the Oligocene epoch.-Lithology:... VE |
Someren Member VESO | |
| Voort Member VEVO | ||
| Wintelre Member VEWI | ||
| Rupel Formation Rupel Formation The Rupel Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands that consists of Oligocene marine sands and clays. The Rupel Formation is part of the Middle North Sea Group and correlates exactly with the Belgian Rupel Group.... RU |
Bilzen Member RUBI | Berg Member RUBIBE |
| Kerniel Member RUBIKE | ||
| Kleine Spouwen Member RUBIKS | ||
| Boom Member RUBO | Brinkheurne Member RUBOBR | |
| Winterswijk Member RUBOWI | ||
| Eigenbilzen Member RUEB | ||
| Ratum Member RURA | Ootmarsum Member RURAOO | |
| Tongeren Formation Tongeren Formation The Tongeren Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands. The formation consists of shallow marine, epicontinental and continental sediments, predominantlyy clay and sand from the late Eocene and early Oligocene epochs... TO |
Goudsberg Member TOGO | |
| Klimmen Member TOKL | ||
| Zelzate Member TOZE | Bassevelde Member TOZEBA | |
| Ruisbroek Member TOZERU | ||
| Watervliet Member TOZEWA |
The Middle North Sea Group (abbreviation: NM) is a group
Group (stratigraphy)
A group in stratigraphy is a lithostratigraphic unit, a part of the geologic record or rock column that consists of defined rock strata. Groups are divided into formations and are sometimes themselves grouped into "supergroups"....
of geologic formations in the Dutch
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
subsurface
Subsurface
Subsurface is the seventh studio album by British progressive metal band Threshold. The album was released in August 2004, and received an Album of the Month award in several European music magazines....
, part of the North Sea Supergroup. The three formations of this group form a thick sequence of sediments in the Dutch subsurface, they crop out
Outcrop
An outcrop is a visible exposure of bedrock or ancient superficial deposits on the surface of the Earth. -Features:Outcrops do not cover the majority of the Earth's land surface because in most places the bedrock or superficial deposits are covered by a mantle of soil and vegetation and cannot be...
in parts of the southern Netherlands. The Middle North Sea Group was deposited from the late Eocene
Eocene
The Eocene Epoch, lasting from about 56 to 34 million years ago , is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the Cenozoic Era. The Eocene spans the time from the end of the Palaeocene Epoch to the beginning of the Oligocene Epoch. The start of the...
to late Oligocene
Oligocene
The Oligocene is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 34 million to 23 million years before the present . As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the period are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the period are slightly...
, between 37 and 23 million years ago.
Its three formations are (from old to young) the Tongeren
Tongeren Formation
The Tongeren Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands. The formation consists of shallow marine, epicontinental and continental sediments, predominantlyy clay and sand from the late Eocene and early Oligocene epochs...
, Rupel
Rupel Formation
The Rupel Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands that consists of Oligocene marine sands and clays. The Rupel Formation is part of the Middle North Sea Group and correlates exactly with the Belgian Rupel Group....
and Veldhoven Formation
Veldhoven Formation
The Veldhoven Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands. The formation consists of an alternation of marine clay and sand from the Oligocene epoch.-Lithology:...
s. The Tongeren Formation has a continental
Continental
Continental is the adjective form of continent.Continental may also refer to:* Continental , an album by UK band Saint Etienne* Continental , a brand of dried and pre-packaged foods used by Unilever in Australia...
to paralic facies, the other two consist mainly of shallow marine clay
Clay
Clay is a general term including many combinations of one or more clay minerals with traces of metal oxides and organic matter. Geologic clay deposits are mostly composed of phyllosilicate minerals containing variable amounts of water trapped in the mineral structure.- Formation :Clay minerals...
s and sand
Sand
Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.The composition of sand is highly variable, depending on the local rock sources and conditions, but the most common constituent of sand in inland continental settings and non-tropical coastal...
s.