Mihai Ghimpu
Encyclopedia
Mihai Ghimpu
Mihai Ghimpu (born 19 November 1951, Coloniţa
Coloniţa
Coloniţa is a commune in Chişinău municipality, Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Coloniţa.-Notable people:* Gheorghe Ghimpu* Mihai Ghimpu* Simion Ghimpu* Radu Revutchi...

, Moldova
Moldova
Moldova , officially the Republic of Moldova is a landlocked state in Eastern Europe, located between Romania to the West and Ukraine to the North, East and South. It declared itself an independent state with the same boundaries as the preceding Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1991, as part...

, is a Moldova
Moldova
Moldova , officially the Republic of Moldova is a landlocked state in Eastern Europe, located between Romania to the West and Ukraine to the North, East and South. It declared itself an independent state with the same boundaries as the preceding Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1991, as part...

n politician. He was Speaker of Parliament
Speaker of the Moldovan Parliament
-Moldovan Democratic Republic:-Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic:-Moldavian SSR:The Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian SSR were:-Speakers of Moldovan Parliament:...

 from 28 August 2009 to 30 December 2010 and Acting President from 11 September 2009 until 28 December 2010.

Family

Mihai Ghimpu was born on 19 November 1951 in the village of Coloniţa
Coloniţa
Coloniţa is a commune in Chişinău municipality, Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Coloniţa.-Notable people:* Gheorghe Ghimpu* Mihai Ghimpu* Simion Ghimpu* Radu Revutchi...

, Chişinău
Chisinau
Chișinău is the capital and largest municipality of Moldova. It is also its main industrial and commercial centre and is located in the middle of the country, on the river Bîc...

, Moldavian SSR
Moldavian SSR
The Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic , commonly abbreviated to Moldavian SSR or MSSR, was one of the 15 republics of the Soviet Union...

. His mother, Irina Ursu (daughter of Haralambie Ursu) died in 2003; she worked at the local kolkhoz
Kolkhoz
A kolkhoz , plural kolkhozy, was a form of collective farming in the Soviet Union that existed along with state farms . The word is a contraction of коллекти́вное хозя́йство, or "collective farm", while sovkhoz is a contraction of советское хозяйство...

. His father, Toader Ghimpu (deceased in 1980), was an elementary school teacher only a few years because he completed only seven years of schooling during the Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

n rule, then he worked at the local kolkhoz
Kolkhoz
A kolkhoz , plural kolkhozy, was a form of collective farming in the Soviet Union that existed along with state farms . The word is a contraction of коллекти́вное хозя́йство, or "collective farm", while sovkhoz is a contraction of советское хозяйство...

 too. Mihai Ghimpu is the youngest brother of Gheorghe Ghimpu
Gheorghe Ghimpu
Gheorghe Ghimpu was a Moldovan politician and a political prisoner in the former Soviet Union.- Early life :...

, Simion Ghimpu
Simion Ghimpu
-Biography:Simion Ghimpu was born to Irina and Toader Ghimpu on May 24, 1939; he had four siblings: Gheorghe, Visarion, Valentina, and Mihai. Simion Ghimpu graduate from the Moldova State University in 1964 and got a PhD from the Russian Academy of Theatre Arts from Moscow in 1969...

, Visarion, and Valentina (mother of Dorin Chirtoacă
Dorin Chirtoaca
- Biography :His mother is Valentina, sister of Gheorghe Ghimpu and Mihai Ghimpu. During high school he studied in Iaşi and graduated in 2001 from University of Bucharest. Between 2001 and 2003 Chirtoacă worked for Surprize, Surprize , a show broadcast on TVR1...

). He has been married, for more than 30 years, to Dina Ghimpu, an employee of Moldova's Culture Ministry; they have no children.

Education and early career

After attending elementary school in his hometown, Mihai Ghimpu enrolled in School no.1 of Chişinău (now "Gheorghe Asachi" High School). After high school, he carried out the compulsory military service in the Soviet army
Soviet Army
The Soviet Army is the name given to the main part of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union between 1946 and 1992. Previously, it had been known as the Red Army. Informally, Армия referred to all the MOD armed forces, except, in some cases, the Soviet Navy.This article covers the Soviet Ground...

 until 1972. Then, Ghimpu studied law at Moldova State University
Moldova State University
The Moldova State University is a university located in Chişinău, Moldova. It was founded in 1946.-Organization:The university is organized into eleven faculties:*1. Biology and Pedology...

 (1974–1978), after which worked as legal counsel to state enterprises. In 1978–1990 years he worked as a lawyer, headed the legal departments of various companies and served as a judge in Sectorul Rîşcani of Chişinău
Chisinau
Chișinău is the capital and largest municipality of Moldova. It is also its main industrial and commercial centre and is located in the middle of the country, on the river Bîc...

.

In the late 1980s Ghimpu joined the democratic movement. He was one of the founders of the Popular Front of Moldova
Popular Front of Moldova
The Popular Front of Moldova was a political movement in the Moldavian SSR, one of the 15 union republics of the former Soviet Union, and in the newly-independent Republic of Moldova. Formally, the Front existed from 1989 to 1992...

, a member of the executive committee of the movement, known as one of the leading political forces in Moldova. In 1990 polls
Moldovan parliamentary election, 1990
A parliamentary election took place in Moldova in February-March 1990.- Results :Elections to the Moldovan Supreme Soviet were held in February-March 1990; while the Communist Party of Moldova was the only one registered for this contest, opposition candidates were allowed to run as individuals....

, Mihai Ghimpu was elected to Moldovan Parliament as a representative of Popular Front and in 1994 polls
Moldovan parliamentary election, 1994
An early parliamentary election took place in Moldova on February 27, 1994.- Background :Beginning with 1994, the Parliament functions on a permanent basis, with the quality of parliamentarian being incompatible with any other remunerated office, except for teaching and scientific activities...

 as a representative of the Bloc of the Intellectuals. Alongside parliament members, Ghimpu voted the Declaration of Independence of Moldova in 1991.

In 1997 Mihai Ghimpu was elected as chairman of the Party of Reform, created by Anatol Şalaru
Anatol Şalaru
Anatol Şalaru is a Moldovan politician. He is the current Transport and Road Infrastructure Minister in the Vlad Filat Cabinet.- Biography :...

 in 1993. In 1998 polls
Moldovan parliamentary election, 1998
A parliamentary election took place in Moldova on March 22, 1998.- Results :At the legislative elections on March 22, 1998, the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova, which was re-legalized in 1994 after being banned in 1991, gained 40 of the 101 places in the Moldovan Parliament,Seats...

, the party obtained only 0.54% and failed to pass the electoral threshold of 4%. The Party of Reform didn't participate in 2001 polls
Moldovan parliamentary election, 2001
Moldovan early parliamentary elections took place on February 25, 2001. Turnout was 67.52 percent.-Election outcome:The Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova won the election. Vladimir Voronin was elected president shortly thereafter by the newly elected parliament-Sources:*...

 and 2005 polls.

In April 2005, the party changed its name and became known as the Liberal Party of Moldova
Liberal Party (Moldova)
The Liberal Party is a conservative-liberal political party in Moldova.The president of the party is Mihai Ghimpu. His nephew Dorin Chirtoacă is its vice-president.-History:...

. In 2007, Mihai Ghimpu was elected as alderman
Alderman
An alderman is a member of a municipal assembly or council in many jurisdictions founded upon English law. The term may be titular, denoting a high-ranking member of a borough or county council, a council member chosen by the elected members themselves rather than by popular vote, or a council...

 in Chişinău Municipal Council. Two weeks later, the vice-president of the Liberal Party, Dorin Chirtoacă
Dorin Chirtoaca
- Biography :His mother is Valentina, sister of Gheorghe Ghimpu and Mihai Ghimpu. During high school he studied in Iaşi and graduated in 2001 from University of Bucharest. Between 2001 and 2003 Chirtoacă worked for Surprize, Surprize , a show broadcast on TVR1...

 won a victory over the Communist Veaceslav Iordan and became mayor of Chişinău
Mayor of Chişinău
The Mayor of Chişinău is head of the executive branch of Chişinău City Council.- History :The first mayor of Chişinău was Anghel Nour in 1817. In 1941, the office was abolished. After the Soviet era and the re-establishment of the office in 1990, Nicolae Costin became the first democratically...

. The Liberal Party obtained 13.13% of the votes in April 2009 polls, equating to 15 out of 101 MPs; Ghimpu was one of the party's MPs and in the July 2009 polls
Moldovan parliamentary election, July 2009
- Pre-election developments :The country's parliament, elected months earlier, was dissolved by president Vladimir Voronin on 15 June 2009, after it had twice failed to elect a new president....

, he was re-elected.

Timeline

  • 1988-1993: Founder of the democratic movement the Popular Front of Moldova
    Popular Front of Moldova
    The Popular Front of Moldova was a political movement in the Moldavian SSR, one of the 15 union republics of the former Soviet Union, and in the newly-independent Republic of Moldova. Formally, the Front existed from 1989 to 1992...

    , member of the Executive Office
  • 1990-1998: Member of Parliament of the Republic of Moldova
    Parliament of the Republic of Moldova
    The Parliament of the Republic of Moldova is a unicameral assembly with 101 seats. Its members are elected by popular vote every 4 years. The parliament then elects a president, who functions as the head of state...

    , Vice Chairman of Legal Committee
  • 1993-1998: The Congress of Intellectuals, Executive Secretary, Vice President
  • 1998-present: Chairman of the Liberal Party (PL)
  • 2007-2009: alderman
    Alderman
    An alderman is a member of a municipal assembly or council in many jurisdictions founded upon English law. The term may be titular, denoting a high-ranking member of a borough or county council, a council member chosen by the elected members themselves rather than by popular vote, or a council...

     in Chişinau Municipal Council
  • 2007-2008: Chairman of the Chişinau Municipal Council
  • August 28, 2009: Elected as Speaker of the Moldovan Parliament
    Speaker of the Moldovan Parliament
    -Moldovan Democratic Republic:-Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic:-Moldavian SSR:The Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian SSR were:-Speakers of Moldovan Parliament:...

  • Since 11 September 2009 interim President of the Republic of Moldova
    President of the Republic of Moldova
    The President of the Republic of Moldova is the head of state of Moldova.-Description of the post:According to the Article 77 of the Constitution of Moldova , the President of Moldova is the head of the State and represents the State and is the guarantor of national sovereignty, independence, of...

    .

Alliance For European Integration

In July 2009 were held early parliamentary
Moldovan parliamentary election, July 2009
- Pre-election developments :The country's parliament, elected months earlier, was dissolved by president Vladimir Voronin on 15 June 2009, after it had twice failed to elect a new president....

 elections for the XVIII convocation. The Moldovan Communist Party won the elections with 44.76 per cent of votes. In the parliament entered four other parties - the Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova
Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova
The Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova is a political party in the Republic of Moldova. The Party's Founding Congress was held on December 8, 2007 and Vlad Filat was elected as president....

 (16.55 percent), Liberal Party
Liberal Party (Moldova)
The Liberal Party is a conservative-liberal political party in Moldova.The president of the party is Mihai Ghimpu. His nephew Dorin Chirtoacă is its vice-president.-History:...

 (14.61 percent), Democratic Party of Moldova
Democratic Party of Moldova
The Democratic Party of Moldova is a social-democratic political party in Moldova.-Overview:In the legislative elections of 6 March 2005, the party was part of the Electoral Bloc Democratic Moldova , that won 28.4 % of the popular vote and 34 out of 101 seats. Inside the Bloc the party won 8 seats...

 (12.55 percent) and the Party Alliance Our Moldova
Party Alliance Our Moldova
The Party Alliance Our Moldova was a social liberal political party in Moldova led by Serafim Urechean, former mayor of Chişinău. It merged into the Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova in 2011.-History:...

 (7.35 percent of the vote). As a result, the Communists gained 48 seats in Parliament (out of 101), the Liberal Democrats - 18, Liberals - 15, ASM - 7, the Democrats - 13.

The leader of Liberal Party, Mihai Ghimpu, as well as leaders of the Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova
Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova
The Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova is a political party in the Republic of Moldova. The Party's Founding Congress was held on December 8, 2007 and Vlad Filat was elected as president....

, Vlad Filat
Vlad Filat
Vladimir Filat is a Moldovan politician, the Prime Minister of Moldova since 25 September 2009.- Education and early career :...

, Democratic Party of Moldova
Democratic Party of Moldova
The Democratic Party of Moldova is a social-democratic political party in Moldova.-Overview:In the legislative elections of 6 March 2005, the party was part of the Electoral Bloc Democratic Moldova , that won 28.4 % of the popular vote and 34 out of 101 seats. Inside the Bloc the party won 8 seats...

, Marian Lupu
Marian Lupu
Marian Lupu is a Moldovan politician and is President of Parliament and Acting President since 2010.-Background and education:...

 and the Party Alliance Our Moldova
Party Alliance Our Moldova
The Party Alliance Our Moldova was a social liberal political party in Moldova led by Serafim Urechean, former mayor of Chişinău. It merged into the Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova in 2011.-History:...

 Serafim Urechean
Serafim Urechean
Serafim Urechean is a Moldovan politician.-Education and career:Urechean was born on February 2, 1950, in Larga, Briceni. In 1974, he graduated from the Polytechnic Institute in Chişinău. He carried out the compulsory military service in the Soviet army, at Tolyatti...

 more than a week held talks on forming a coalition, and in August 2009 the party established a governing coalition under the banner "Alliance For European Integration
Alliance for European Integration
The Alliance for European Integration is the ruling coalition in Moldova since the July 2009 election.-Overall context :After April 2009 election and the civil unrest, the climate in Moldova became very polarised. The parliament failed to elect a new president. For this reason, the parliament was...

".

President of the Moldovan Parliament

On August 28, 2009, Mihai Ghimpu was elected as the Speaker of the Moldovan Parliament
Speaker of the Moldovan Parliament
-Moldovan Democratic Republic:-Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic:-Moldavian SSR:The Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian SSR were:-Speakers of Moldovan Parliament:...

, through secret voting, getting all 53 votes of the Alliance For European Integration
Alliance for European Integration
The Alliance for European Integration is the ruling coalition in Moldova since the July 2009 election.-Overall context :After April 2009 election and the civil unrest, the climate in Moldova became very polarised. The parliament failed to elect a new president. For this reason, the parliament was...

.

Mihai Ghimpu on August 28, 2009: "I thank my colleagues for their trust. I hope that while in this post I will cooperate for a free press, independent legal system, and a state of law of which all the Moldovan citizens will be proud."

Speaking at the World Conference of Speakers of Parliament in Geneva
Geneva
Geneva In the national languages of Switzerland the city is known as Genf , Ginevra and Genevra is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie, the French-speaking part of Switzerland...

 on July 20, 2010, Ghimpu said: "Why have we become the poorest country in Europe? Not only because we did not carry out democratic reforms at the right time, but also because today on the territory of Moldova, part of an occupation army and its equipment continue to be stationed."

President of Moldova

On September 11, 2009, he became the acting president of Moldova. The interim position was possible following the resignation of Moldovan President, Vladimir Voronin
Vladimir Voronin
Vladimir Nicolaevici Voronin is a Moldovan politician. He was the third President of Moldova from 2001 until 2009 and has been the First Secretary of the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova since 1994...

, announced in the morning of 11 September 2009 on the public broadcaster Moldova 1
Moldova 1
Moldova 1 is the national Moldovan television channel, operated by the national public broadcaster, TeleRadio-Moldova.- Directors :* Andrei Timuş * Mihail Onoicenco...

. The resignation letter was sent to the Parliament secretariat and by a vote of 52 deputies in the plenary session of the legislature the post of the President of the Republic of Moldova was declared vacant. Therefore, in accordance with Article 91 of the Constitution of 1994
Constitution of Moldova (1994)
The Republic of Moldova Constitution of 1994 is the country's supreme law of the country since August 27, 1994.- History :It was adopted on July 29, 1994 by the Moldovan Parliament and published in Monitorul Oficial al R. Moldova, N1, July 18, 1994....

, which provides that "the responsibility of the office shall devolve ad interim to the President of Parliament or the Prime Minister
Prime Minister of Moldova
The Prime Minister of Moldova is Moldova's head of government. The prime minister is formally appointed by the President and exercises executive power along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support.-Moldavian Democratic Republic :...

, in that order of priority", Mihai Ghimpu has become the interim President of the Republic of Moldova until a new president is elected by the Parliament.

The Commission for constitutional reform in Moldova
Commission for constitutional reform in Moldova
The Commission for constitutional reform is a commission instituted in Moldova by acting President Mihai Ghimpu to adopt a new version of the Constitution of Moldova .The commission for constitutional reform was set up under presidential decree The Commission for constitutional reform is a...

 was set up under presidential decree on December 1, 2009 in order to resolve the constitutional crisis
Constitutional crisis
A constitutional crisis is a situation that the legal system's constitution or other basic principles of operation appear unable to resolve; it often results in a breakdown in the orderly operation of government...

. On January 14, 2010 Ghimpu decreed to set up the Commission for the Study of the Communist Dictatorship in Moldova
Commission for the Study of the Communist Dictatorship in Moldova
The Commission for the Study and Evaluation of the Communist Totalitarian Regime of the Republic of Moldova is a commission instituted in Moldova by acting President Mihai Ghimpu to investigate the Communist regime and provide a comprehensive report allowing for the condemnation of Communism as...

. The commission aims at studying the crimes of Soviet regime in the former Moldavian SSR
Moldavian SSR
The Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic , commonly abbreviated to Moldavian SSR or MSSR, was one of the 15 republics of the Soviet Union...

.

After December 2009, Dragoş Boboc, Valeriu Boboc's son, will monthly receive 1,000 lei
Moldovan leu
The leu is the currency of Moldova. Like the Romanian leu, the Moldovan leu is subdivided into 100 bani . The name of the currency originates in Romania and means "lion".-History:...

 from Mihai Ghimpu's salary. This action will continue as long as his interim mandate of President of Moldova is valid. On April 7, 2010, Mihai Ghimpu posthumously decorated Valeriu Boboc, by a presidential
President of Moldova
The President of the Republic of Moldova is the head of state of Moldova.-Description of the post:According to the Article 77 of the Constitution of Moldova , the President of Moldova is the head of the State and represents the State and is the guarantor of national sovereignty, independence, of...

 decree, with Moldova's highest state decoration
State decoration
State decorations are orders, medals and other decorations granted by a state. International decorations are similar, but are not granted by a specific nation but rather an international organization....

 – the Order of the Republic
Order of the Republic (Moldova)
The Order of the Republic is Moldova's highest order. It is awarded by the President of Moldova.- Recipients :* Alexy II of Moscow* Traian Băsescu* Silviu Berejan* Vladimir Beşleagă* Valeriu Boboc* Ivan Bodiul* Petru Bogatu* Lorena Bogza...

.

In June 2010, Ghimpu instituted Soviet Occupation Day
Soviet Occupation Day
Soviet Occupation Day may refer to:* Soviet Occupation Day, Georgia* Soviet Occupation Day, Latvia* Soviet Occupation Day, Moldova...

 and unveiled the Monument to the Victims of the Soviet Occupation
Monument to the Victims of the Soviet Occupation
The Monument to the Victims of the Soviet Occupation is a monument in Chişinău, Moldova.-Overview:The commemorative stone of a monument to the victims of the Soviet occupation and of the totalitarian communist regime was unveiled and blessed on June 28, 2010...

.

Mihai Ghimpu and the identity of Moldovans

Mihai Ghimpu is known as an unambiguous supporter of the common Romanian-Moldovan ethnic identity:



See also

  • Liberal Party (Moldova)
    Liberal Party (Moldova)
    The Liberal Party is a conservative-liberal political party in Moldova.The president of the party is Mihai Ghimpu. His nephew Dorin Chirtoacă is its vice-president.-History:...

  • Liberalism
    Liberalism
    Liberalism is the belief in the importance of liberty and equal rights. Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of these principles, but generally, liberals support ideas such as constitutionalism, liberal democracy, free and fair elections, human rights,...

  • Parliament of the Republic of Moldova
    Parliament of the Republic of Moldova
    The Parliament of the Republic of Moldova is a unicameral assembly with 101 seats. Its members are elected by popular vote every 4 years. The parliament then elects a president, who functions as the head of state...

  • President of Moldova
    President of Moldova
    The President of the Republic of Moldova is the head of state of Moldova.-Description of the post:According to the Article 77 of the Constitution of Moldova , the President of Moldova is the head of the State and represents the State and is the guarantor of national sovereignty, independence, of...

  • Acting President of Moldova
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