Mikhail Gurevich (psychiatrist)
Encyclopedia
Mikhail Osipovich Gurevich (September 18, 1878, the village of Sosnytsia
, Chernigov Governorate
— November 16, 1953) was a Russian and Soviet psychiatrist, one of leaders of Russian psychoneurology, honoured worker of science of the RSFSR, and a full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
.
, Chernigov Governorate
. In Chernigov, he finished public school as a recipient of a gold medal for academic excellence.
In 1902, he graduated from the medical faculty of the Moscow University and was left as a resident doctor of its psychiatric clinic directed by Vladimir Serbsky
since 1900.
For his successes he was encouraged by being sent abroad where he familiarized himself with organization of psychiatric care in various countries and worked in Kraepelin’s clinic in Munich
.
In 1904, he began to write his doctoral thesis On Neurofibrils and Their Changes in Some Pathological Conditions under the direction of S.А. Sukhanov, a closest collaborator of Sergey Korsakov, and defended the thesis in 1908.
Between 1909 and 1914, Gurevich continued his anatomoclinic studies in the famous Burashevskay psychiatric colony, in Tver
and Saratov
. During the First World War, he served as a doctor in army.
From 1918 to 1925, he worked for Pyotr Gannushkin
as an assistant
and then an assistant professor of the psychiatric clinic at the Moscow University.
In the 1920s, Gurevich along with V.А. Gilyarovsky became a pioneer of Soviet child psychiatry and published the manual Psychopathology of Childhood in 1927. Its second, considerably enlarged edition was published in 1932.
From 1929 to 1936, he was the head of a subdepartment in the Second Moscow Medical Institute. From 1937, he was the head of the psychiatry subdepartment in the First Moscow Medical Institute.
During the Second World War, Gurevich served as a consulting physician for a number of largest evacuation hospitals.
In 1944, he was elected as a full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
.
In 1950 and 1951, Gurevich along with Aleksandr Smaryan and Raisa Golant became the key target of harassment during Pavlovian session
s including the joint session held by the enlarged panel of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
and the plenum of the board of the All-Union Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists from 11 to 15 October 1951. The members of the joint session accused Gurevich that “he hampered the development of domestic psychiatry.” Gurevich believed in these words and began to suffer from delusion of self-accusation, repeating “What have I done! You know, I ruined psychiatry and all my disciples who followed in my footsteps!” He did not manage to recover from that. He died on 16 November 1953.
Gurevich was a recipient of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
and the author of about 120 significant scientific works, three monographs, and two manuals republished many times.
Sosnytsia
Sosnytsia is a townlet and administrative center of the Sosnytsky Raion of the Chernihiv Oblast in north-central Ukraine. The townlet is located on the west bank of the Ubid' river, a tributary of the Desna river, some from Chernihiv, the province center.Sosnytsia was the birthplace of...
, Chernigov Governorate
Chernigov Governorate
The Chernigov Governorate , also known as the Government of Chernigov, was a guberniya in the historical Left-bank Ukraine region of the Russian Empire, which was officially created in 1802 from the disbanded Malorossiya Governorate with an administrative centre of Chernigov...
— November 16, 1953) was a Russian and Soviet psychiatrist, one of leaders of Russian psychoneurology, honoured worker of science of the RSFSR, and a full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
The USSR Academy of Medical Sciences is the highest scientific and medical organization founded in the Soviet Union in 1944.Its successor is the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences founded in 1992....
.
Biography
Gurvich was born on 18 September 1878 in the village of SosnytsiaSosnytsia
Sosnytsia is a townlet and administrative center of the Sosnytsky Raion of the Chernihiv Oblast in north-central Ukraine. The townlet is located on the west bank of the Ubid' river, a tributary of the Desna river, some from Chernihiv, the province center.Sosnytsia was the birthplace of...
, Chernigov Governorate
Chernigov Governorate
The Chernigov Governorate , also known as the Government of Chernigov, was a guberniya in the historical Left-bank Ukraine region of the Russian Empire, which was officially created in 1802 from the disbanded Malorossiya Governorate with an administrative centre of Chernigov...
. In Chernigov, he finished public school as a recipient of a gold medal for academic excellence.
In 1902, he graduated from the medical faculty of the Moscow University and was left as a resident doctor of its psychiatric clinic directed by Vladimir Serbsky
Vladimir Serbsky
Vladimir Petrovich Serbsky was one of the founders of the forensic psychiatry in Russia. An author of The Forensic Psychopathology, Serbskiy thought delinquency to have no congenital diatheses, considering it to be caused by social reasons....
since 1900.
For his successes he was encouraged by being sent abroad where he familiarized himself with organization of psychiatric care in various countries and worked in Kraepelin’s clinic in Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
.
In 1904, he began to write his doctoral thesis On Neurofibrils and Their Changes in Some Pathological Conditions under the direction of S.А. Sukhanov, a closest collaborator of Sergey Korsakov, and defended the thesis in 1908.
Between 1909 and 1914, Gurevich continued his anatomoclinic studies in the famous Burashevskay psychiatric colony, in Tver
Tver
Tver is a city and the administrative center of Tver Oblast, Russia. Population: 403,726 ; 408,903 ;...
and Saratov
Saratov
-Modern Saratov:The Saratov region is highly industrialized, due in part to the rich in natural and industrial resources of the area. The region is also one of the more important and largest cultural and scientific centres in Russia...
. During the First World War, he served as a doctor in army.
From 1918 to 1925, he worked for Pyotr Gannushkin
Pyotr Gannushkin
Pyotr Borisovich Gannushkin was a Russian psychiatrist, a pupil of Korsakoff and Serbsky.Moscow psychiatric hospital no.4 and a river embankment in Moscow are named in his honor.-Books:...
as an assistant
Assistant
Assistant may refer to:* The Assistant , a hardcore band from NJ* Assistant , a software tool to assist in computer configuration* The Assistant , an MTV reality show* ST Assistant, a British tugboat-See also:...
and then an assistant professor of the psychiatric clinic at the Moscow University.
In the 1920s, Gurevich along with V.А. Gilyarovsky became a pioneer of Soviet child psychiatry and published the manual Psychopathology of Childhood in 1927. Its second, considerably enlarged edition was published in 1932.
From 1929 to 1936, he was the head of a subdepartment in the Second Moscow Medical Institute. From 1937, he was the head of the psychiatry subdepartment in the First Moscow Medical Institute.
During the Second World War, Gurevich served as a consulting physician for a number of largest evacuation hospitals.
In 1944, he was elected as a full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
The USSR Academy of Medical Sciences is the highest scientific and medical organization founded in the Soviet Union in 1944.Its successor is the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences founded in 1992....
.
In 1950 and 1951, Gurevich along with Aleksandr Smaryan and Raisa Golant became the key target of harassment during Pavlovian session
Pavlovian session
The Pavlovian session was the joint session of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences held on June 28–July 4, 1950. The session was organized by the Soviet Government headed by Joseph Stalin in order to fight Western influences in Russian physiological sciences...
s including the joint session held by the enlarged panel of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
The USSR Academy of Medical Sciences is the highest scientific and medical organization founded in the Soviet Union in 1944.Its successor is the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences founded in 1992....
and the plenum of the board of the All-Union Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists from 11 to 15 October 1951. The members of the joint session accused Gurevich that “he hampered the development of domestic psychiatry.” Gurevich believed in these words and began to suffer from delusion of self-accusation, repeating “What have I done! You know, I ruined psychiatry and all my disciples who followed in my footsteps!” He did not manage to recover from that. He died on 16 November 1953.
Gurevich was a recipient of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Order of the Red Banner of Labour
The Order of the Red Banner of Labour was an order of the Soviet Union for accomplishments in labour and civil service. It is the labour counterpart of the military Order of the Red Banner. A few institutions and factories, being the pride of Soviet Union, also received the order.-History:The Red...
and the author of about 120 significant scientific works, three monographs, and two manuals republished many times.