Military Intelligence Corps (United States Army)

Military of the United States

The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States. They consist of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast Guard.The United States has a strong tradition of civilian control of the military...

, Military Intelligence (sometimes referred to as MI) refers specifically to the intelligence components of the United States Army

United States Army

The United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...

. Other branches of the service have their own military intelligence

Military intelligence

Military intelligence is a military discipline that exploits a number of information collection and analysis approaches to provide guidance and direction to commanders in support of their decisions....

components, referred to by other names.

Mission

The primary mission of military intelligence in the United States Army is to provide timely, relevant, accurate, and synchronized intelligence and electronic warfare support to tactical, operational and strategic-level commanders. The Army’s intelligence components produce intelligence both for Army use and for sharing across the national intelligence community.

Structure

Approximately 28,000 military personnel and 3,800 civilian personnel are assigned to intelligence duties, comprising the Military Intelligence Corps. Some of the key components include:

Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff, Intelligence (G2). As the Army's Chief Intelligence Officer, the responsibilities of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence include policy formulation, planning, programming, budgeting, management, staff supervision, evaluation, and oversight for intelligence activities, as well as overall coordination of the major intelligence disciplines.
United States Army Intelligence and Security Command
United States Army Intelligence and Security Command
The United States Army Intelligence and Security Command is a direct reporting unit that conducts intelligence, security, and information operations for U.S. Army commanders and national decision makers. INSCOM is both an organization within the United States Army and the National Security Agency,...

, located at Fort Belvoir
Fort Belvoir
Fort Belvoir is a United States Army installation and a census-designated place in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. Originally, it was the site of the Belvoir plantation. Today, Fort Belvoir is home to a number of important United States military organizations...

, Virginia
Virginia
The Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there...

. It is the Army's major intelligence command.
United States Army Intelligence Center
United States Army Intelligence Center
The United States Army Intelligence Center of Excellence is the United States Army's school for professional training of military intelligence personnel...

, located at Fort Huachuca
Fort Huachuca
Fort Huachuca is a United States Army installation under the command of the United States Army Installation Management Command. It is located in Cochise County, in southeast Arizona, about north of the border with Mexico. Beginning in 1913, for 20 years the fort was the base for the "Buffalo...

, Arizona
Arizona
Arizona ; is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the western United States and the mountain west. The capital and largest city is Phoenix...

. It is the Army's school for professional training of military intelligence personnel.

History

Intelligence personnel were a part of the Continental Army

Continental Army

The Continental Army was formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America. Established by a resolution of the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775, it was created to coordinate the military efforts of the Thirteen Colonies in...

from its founding in 1775.

In January 1863, Major General

Major General

Major general or major-general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. A major general is a high-ranking officer, normally subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the ranks of brigadier and brigadier general...

Joseph Hooker

Joseph Hooker was a career United States Army officer, achieving the rank of major general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Although he served throughout the war, usually with distinction, Hooker is best remembered for his stunning defeat by Confederate General Robert E...

established the Bureau of Military Information

Bureau of Military Information

The Bureau of Military Information was the first formal and organized American intelligence agency, active during the American Civil War.-Predecessors:...

for the Union Army

Union Army

The Union Army was the land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. It was also known as the Federal Army, the U.S. Army, the Northern Army and the National Army...

during the Civil War

American Civil War

The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...

, headed by George H. Sharpe

George H. Sharpe

George Henry Sharpe was an American lawyer, soldier, secret service officer, diplomat and politician.-Early life:...

. Allan Pinkerton

Allan Pinkerton

Allan Pinkerton was a Scottish American detective and spy, best known for creating the Pinkerton National Detective Agency.-Early life, career and immigration:...

and Lafayette C. Baker

Lafayette C. Baker

Lafayette Curry Baker was a United States investigator and spy, serving for the Union Army, during the American Civil War and under presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson....

handled similar operations for their respective regional commanders. All of those operations were shut down at the end of the Civil War in 1865.

In 1885, the Army established the Military Intelligence Division

Military Intelligence Division

The Military Intelligence Division was a military intelligence branch of the United States Army, established in 1885. It was the first standing intelligence agency of the Army; the Union Army had had a Bureau of Military Information, but that had reported to the Commanding General for less than a...

(MID). In 1903, the MID was placed under the new general staff in an elevated position.

In March 1942, the Military Intelligence Division was reorganized as the Military Intelligence Service (MIS). Originally consisting of just 26 people, 16 of them officers, it was quickly expanded to include 342 officers and 1,000 enlisted personnel and civilians. It was tasked with collecting, analyzing, and disseminating intelligence. Initially it included:

an Administrative Group
an Intelligence Group
a Counter-intelligence Group
an Operations Group

In May 1942, Alfred McCormack established the Special Branch of MIS, which specialized in COMINT.

In 1945, the Special Branch became the Army Security Agency. In 1946, the Counter-Intelligence Group became the US Army Counter Intelligence Corps.

It was in July 1967, that a number of intelligence and security organizations were combined to form the military intelligence branch.
In 1977 they eventually recombined with the Army Intelligence Agency and Army Security Agency to become the US Army Intelligence and Security Command.

Military Intelligence Corps

The Military Intelligence Corps is one of the basic branches of the United States Army. In 1971, the United States Army Intelligence Center

United States Army Intelligence Center

The United States Army Intelligence Center of Excellence is the United States Army's school for professional training of military intelligence personnel...

was established at Fort Huachuca, Arizona as the home of the military intelligence branch. On 1 July 1987 the Military Intelligence Corps was activated as a regiment under the U.S. Army Regimental System

U.S. Army Regimental System

The United States Army Regimental System was established in 1981 to replace the Combat Arms Regimental System, to provide each Soldier with continuous identification with a single regiment, and to support that concept with a personnel system that would increase a soldier’s probability of serving...

. All United States Army Military Intelligence personnel are members of the Military Intelligence Corps.

Battlefield Surveillance Brigades

Battlefield Surveillance Brigade

Throughout the history of warfare, soldiers have needed to know who and where the enemy is. In order to address that need in the context of the 21st century threat, the army has planned for the creation and transformation of nine units, in 2007 to the Battlefield Surveillance Brigade format...

s (BfSB) are meant to improve the situational awareness

Situation awareness

Situation awareness, situational awareness, or SA, is the perception of environmental elements with respect to time and/or space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status after some variable has changed, such as time...

about the battlefield for commanders at division

Division (military)

A division is a large military unit or formation usually consisting of between 10,000 and 20,000 soldiers. In most armies, a division is composed of several regiments or brigades, and in turn several divisions typically make up a corps...

level or higher, so they can adapt their units combat power for the current operations. For this the Battlefield Surveillance Brigades can deploy unmanned aerial vehicle

Unmanned aerial vehicle

An unmanned aerial vehicle , also known as a unmanned aircraft system , remotely piloted aircraft or unmanned aircraft, is a machine which functions either by the remote control of a navigator or pilot or autonomously, that is, as a self-directing entity...

s, signals gathering equipment, human intelligence collectors

FM 2-22.3 Human Intelligence Collector Operations

Army Field Manual 2 22.3, or FM 2-22.3, Human Intelligence Collector Operations, was issued by the Department of the Army on September 6, 2006. The manual gives instructions on a range of issues, such as the structure, planning and management of human intelligence operations, the debriefing of...

and long range surveillance

Long Range Surveillance

Long Range Surveillance units are specially trained elite Surveillance units of the United States Army that are employed by Military Intelligence Units for gathering information from deep within hostile territories....

patrols.

There are currently three active Battlefield Surveillance Brigade, each supporting one of the three Corps of the US Army: the 201st BfSB at Fort Lewis

Joint Base Lewis-McChord

Joint Base Lewis-McChord is a United States military facility located south-southwest of Tacoma, Washington. The facility is under the jurisdiction of the United States Army Joint Base Garrison, Joint Base Lewis-McChord....

, the 504th BfSB at Fort Hood and the 525th BfSB at Fort Bragg

Fort Bragg (North Carolina)

Fort Bragg is a major United States Army installation, in Cumberland and Hoke counties, North Carolina, U.S., mostly in Fayetteville but also partly in the town of Spring Lake. It was also a census-designated place in the 2010 census and had a population of 39,457. The fort is named for Confederate...

. A fourth brigade is scheduled to activate at Fort Polk

Fort Polk

Fort Polk is a United States Army installation located in Vernon Parish, approximately 7 miles east of Leesville, Louisiana and 20 miles north of DeRidder, Louisiana....

in 2013 but is not yet named. The Army National Guard

Army National Guard

Established under Title 10 and Title 32 of the U.S. Code, the Army National Guard is part of the National Guard and is divided up into subordinate units stationed in each of the 50 states, three territories and the District of Columbia operating under their respective governors...

has additional seven BfSB's.

Each BfSB consists of a headquarters and headquarters company

Headquarters and Headquarters Company

In United States Army units, a headquarters and headquarters company is a company sized military unit, found at the battalion level and higher. In identifying a specific headquarters unit, it is usually referred to by its abbreviation as an HHC...

, two military intelligence

Military intelligence

battalions, a reconnaissance squadron with a long range surveillance troop, a signals company and a support company.

Battlefield Surveillance Brigades
Name	Subordinate to	Garrison
201st Battlefield Surveillance Brigade 201st Battlefield Surveillance Brigade The 201st Battlefield Surveillance Brigade is located at Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington. The 201st BfSB was transformed from the 201st Military Intelligence Brigade on 3 July 2008, becoming the Army's third active duty Surveillance Brigade...	I Corps	Fort Lewis Joint Base Lewis-McChord Joint Base Lewis-McChord is a United States military facility located south-southwest of Tacoma, Washington. The facility is under the jurisdiction of the United States Army Joint Base Garrison, Joint Base Lewis-McChord....
504th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade 504th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade The 504th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade is located at Fort Hood, Texas. The 504th BfSB was transformed from the 504th Military Intelligence Brigade in November 2008 becoming one of three active duty Surveillance Brigade of the United States Army...	III Corps	Fort Hood
525th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade	XVIII Corps	Fort Bragg Fort Bragg (North Carolina) Fort Bragg is a major United States Army installation, in Cumberland and Hoke counties, North Carolina, U.S., mostly in Fayetteville but also partly in the town of Spring Lake. It was also a census-designated place in the 2010 census and had a population of 39,457. The fort is named for Confederate...

Military Intelligence Brigades

Military Intelligence Brigades
Name	Supports	Garrison
66th Military Intelligence Brigade 66th Military Intelligence Brigade (United States) The 66th Military Intelligence Brigade is a United States Army brigade, subordinate to United States Army Intelligence and Security Command and based in Wiesbaden, Germany:* 66th Military Intelligence Brigade** Headquarters & Headquarters Company...	United States Army Europe United States Army Europe United States Army Europe and Seventh Army, is an Army Service Component Command of the United States Army and the land component of United States European Command. It is the largest American formation in Europe.-Invasion of Sicily:...	Wiesbaden Army Airfield Wiesbaden Army Airfield Wiesbaden Army Airfield or WAAF is located southeast of the city of Wiesbaden, Hessen, Germany. It was selected as the site for Headquarters, United States Air Forces in Europe on 28 September 1945, in large part due to its proximity to Frankfurt am Main, where the U.S. Seventh Army was... , (Germany)
111th Military Intelligence Brigade 304th MI Battalion 344th MI Battalion 309th MI Battalion 309th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States) The 309th Military Intelligence Battalion conducts Initial Entry, Collective, and Functional Training to produce competent, disciplined, and physically fit MI Warriors, instilled with the Army Values ready to join the Army at War.-Lineage:... 305th MI Battalion 305th Military Intelligence Battalion (United States) The 305th Military Intelligence Battalion is located at Fort Huachuca, Arizona. It consists of six companies, HHC, Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, and Echo. Its mission is to provide electronic warfare and signals intelligence training to soldiers, sailors, airmen, marines, and officers...	United States Army Intelligence Center United States Army Intelligence Center The United States Army Intelligence Center of Excellence is the United States Army's school for professional training of military intelligence personnel... , (TRADOC United States Army Training and Doctrine Command Established 1 July 1973, the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command is an army command of the United States Army headquartered at Fort Eustis, Virginia. It is charged with overseeing training of Army forces, the development of operational doctrine, and the development and procurement of... )	Fort Huachuca Fort Huachuca Fort Huachuca is a United States Army installation under the command of the United States Army Installation Management Command. It is located in Cochise County, in southeast Arizona, about north of the border with Mexico. Beginning in 1913, for 20 years the fort was the base for the "Buffalo...
470th Military Intelligence Brigade 204th MI Battalion (Aerial Exploitation) 314th MI Battalion 377th MI Battalion (Communications and Electronic) 201st MI Battalion (Interrogation)	United States Army South United States Army South United States Army South is the Army's service component command of United States Southern Command whose area of focus includes 31 nations and 10 territories in Latin America and the Caribbean. It is headquartered at Fort Sam Houston, Texas.-Mission:...	Fort Sam Houston Fort Sam Houston Fort Sam Houston is a U.S. Army post in San Antonio, Texas.Known colloquially as "Fort Sam," it is named for the first President of the Republic of Texas, Sam Houston....
500th Military Intelligence Brigade 500th Military Intelligence Brigade (United States) The 500th Military Intelligence Brigade is a United States Army brigade, subordinate to United States Army Intelligence and Security Command and is based at Schofield Barracks in Hawaii.* 500th Military Intelligence Brigade...	United States Army Pacific	Schofield Barracks
501st Military Intelligence Brigade 501st Military Intelligence Brigade (United States) The 501st Military Intelligence Brigade is a United States Army formation, assigned to the U.S. Army Intelligence and Security Command under the Operational Control of U.S. Forces Korea located in South Korea. The 501st MI Brigade conducts Theater level multi-discipline intelligence, Aerial ISR,... 3d MI Battalion (Aerial Exploitation) 524th MI Battalion (CI) 532d MI Battalion (OPNS) 719th MI Battalion 368 MI Battalion (TSB)	US Forces Korea (USFK) and Eighth United States Army	Yongsan Garrison Yongsan Garrison United States Army Garrison Yongsan is located in Seoul, South Korea and is home to the headquarters for the U.S. military presence in Korea, known as United States Forces Korea , as well as the headquarters for the Eighth United States Army and Installation Management Command Korea Region... , (South Korea South Korea The Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south... )
513th Military Intelligence Brigade 202nd MI Battalion 224th MI Battalion (Aerial Exploitation) 297th MI Battalion 345th MI Battalion (Army Reserve)	United States Army Intelligence and Security Command	Fort Gordon Fort Gordon Fort Gordon, formerly known as Camp Gordon, is a United States Army installation established in 1917. It is the current home of the United States Army Signal Corps and Signal Center and was once the home of "The Provost Marshal General School" . The fort is located in Richmond, Jefferson, McDuffie,...
704th Military Intelligence Brigade 704th Military Intelligence Brigade The 704th Military Intelligence Brigade, a subordinate unit of the U.S. Army Intelligence and Security Command, conducts synchronized full-spectrum signals intelligence, computer network and information assurance operations directly and through the National Security Agency to satisfy national,...	United States Army Intelligence and Security Command	Fort George G. Meade Fort George G. Meade Fort George G. Meade is a United States Army installation that includes the Defense Information School, the United States Army Field Band, and the headquarters of United States Cyber Command, the National Security Agency, and the Defense Courier Service...

Creed of the Military Intelligence Corps

I am a Soldier first, but an intelligence professional second to none.

With pride in my heritage, but focused on the future,

Performing the first task of an Army:

To find, know, and never lose the enemy.

With a sense of urgency and of tenacity, professional and physical fitness,

and above all, INTEGRITY, for in truth lies victory.

Always at silent war, while ready for a shooting war,

The silent warrior of the ARMY team.

Museum

The United States Army Intelligence Museum is located at Fort Huachuca, Arizona. It features the history of American military intelligence from the Revolutionary War

American Revolution

The American Revolution was the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which thirteen colonies in North America joined together to break free from the British Empire, combining to become the United States of America...

to present.

External links

University of Military Intelligence

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