Military of New France
Encyclopedia
The Military of New France consisted of a mix of regular soldiers of the French Army
, French Navy
and Canadien volunteer militia units.
Prior to 1690 most French troops were sent from France, but localization meant by 1690, (In 1669 Louis XIV orderd that all valid men of New France between the ages of 16 and 60 must do mandatory military service so every parish will have its own militia) more were Canadien volunteers and by 1720s mostly Canadiens.
Ship building in New France 1650s and repair facilities were available in Quebec and Louisburg.
Ships built in Quebec shipyard include:
French Army
The French Army, officially the Armée de Terre , is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces.As of 2010, the army employs 123,100 regulars, 18,350 part-time reservists and 7,700 Legionnaires. All soldiers are professionals, following the suspension of conscription, voted in...
, French Navy
French Navy
The French Navy, officially the Marine nationale and often called La Royale is the maritime arm of the French military. It includes a full range of fighting vessels, from patrol boats to a nuclear powered aircraft carrier and 10 nuclear-powered submarines, four of which are capable of launching...
and Canadien volunteer militia units.
Prior to 1690 most French troops were sent from France, but localization meant by 1690, (In 1669 Louis XIV orderd that all valid men of New France between the ages of 16 and 60 must do mandatory military service so every parish will have its own militia) more were Canadien volunteers and by 1720s mostly Canadiens.
Installations
The French and Canadiens built forts from Newfoundland to Louisiana and others captured from the British from the 1600s to the late 1700s. Some were a mix of military post and trading forts.- Chateau St. LouisChateau St. LouisThe Chateau St. Louis in Quebec City was the official residence of the French Governor of New France and later the British Governor of Quebec, the Governor-General of British North America, and the Lieutenant-Governor of Lower Canada....
- built 1648 with 16 redoubts; rebuilt and finally destroyed by fire 1834 - Citadelle of QuebecCitadelle of QuebecThe Citadelle — the French name is used both in English and French — is a military installation and official residence located atop Cap Diamant, adjoining the Plains of Abraham in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada...
1673-1872 - The Citadel, MontrealThe Citadel, MontrealThe Citadel of Montreal was a former fortress used to defend the city.Smaller than the one in Old Quebec, the Citadel was built by the French in 1690, with a cannon battery added in 1723....
1690-1821 - Fortress of LouisbourgFortress of LouisbourgThe Fortress of Louisbourg is a national historic site and the location of a one-quarter partial reconstruction of an 18th century French fortress at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia...
, Louisbourg, (Ile Royale) AcadieLouisbourg, Nova ScotiaLouisbourg is a community in Nova Scotia's Cape Breton Regional Municipality.-History:The town's name was given by French military forces who founded the Fortress of Louisbourg and its fortified seaport on the southwest part of the harbour, in honour of Louis XV...
1720-1758 - destroyed in 1760 and partially rebuilt in the 1960s as a historic museum - Port RoyalHabitation at Port-RoyalThe Habitation at Port-Royal was the first successful French settlement of New France in North America, and is presently known as Port-Royal National Historic Site, a National Historic Site located on the northern side of the Annapolis Basin, Nova Scotia, Canada...
, Port Royale, AcadieAnnapolis Royal, Nova ScotiaAnnapolis Royal is a town located in the western part of Annapolis County, Nova Scotia. Known as Port Royal until the Conquest of Acadia in 1710 by Britain, the town is the oldest continuous European settlement in North America, north of St...
1605-1613 - Fort AnneFort AnneFor a similarly named fort in New York City see: Fort AmsterdamFort Anne is a typical star fort built to protect the harbour of Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia. The fort repelled all French attacks during the early stages of King George's War....
1636-1713 - Fort BeauharnoisFort BeauharnoisFort Beauharnois was a French fort built on the shores of Lake Pepin, a wide part of the upper Mississippi River, in 1727. The location chosen was on lowlands and the fort was rebuilt in 1730 on higher ground. It was the site of the first Roman Catholic chapel in Minnesota, which was dedicated to...
1727- - Fort BeauséjourFort BeauséjourFort Beauséjour, was built during Father Le Loutre's War from 1751-1755; it is located at the Isthmus of Chignecto in present-day Aulac, New Brunswick, Canada...
1751-1835 - Fort BoishebertFort BoishebertFort Boishébert is a National Historic Site located at modern day Woodmans Point in the town of Grand Bay–Westfield, Kings County, New Brunswick, Canada. Located at the confluence of the Saint John River and Nerepis rivers, the fort may have had its origins as a fortified aboriginal village...
before 1696 to 1751 - Fort Bon Secours 1685-
- Fort BourbonYork Factory, ManitobaYork Factory was a settlement and factory located on the southwestern shore of Hudson Bay in northeastern Manitoba, Canada, at the mouth of the Hayes River, approximately south-southeast of Churchill. The settlement was headquarters of the Hudson's Bay Company's Northern Department, from 1821 to...
1684 (by British); captured 1692 and captured by French several times and returneed 1713 - Fort CarillonFort CarillonFort Carillon was constructed by Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil, Governor of Canada, to protect Lake Champlain from a British invasion. The fort was not far from Fort Saint Frédéric. It was built to prevent an attack on Canada and slow the advance of the enemy long enough to send reinforcements...
1755-1759
- Fort ChamblyFort ChamblyFort Chambly is a historic fort in the Canadian La Vallée-du-Richelieu Regional County Municipality, Quebec. The fort is designated as a National Historic Site. Fort Richelieu was part of a series of five forts built along the Richelieu River. Fort Richelieu is at the mouth of the Richelieu River....
1675-1776 - Fort Champlain
- Fort-Coulonge
- Fort Crevier 1687-1701
- Fort Dauphin (Manitoba) 1741-?
- Fort de la MontagneFort de la MontagneThe Fort de la Montagne was an old fortification, the remaining structures of which are located on Sherbrooke Street in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The fort was constructed in 1685 and parts of it were demolished in the mid 19th century...
, Mont-RoyalMontrealMontreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
1685 - Quebec and home to Governor; mostly destroyed by fire of 1854 - Fort Douville 1720-1730
- Fort DuquesneFort DuquesneFort Duquesne was a fort established by the French in 1754, at the junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers in what is now downtown Pittsburgh in the state of Pennsylvania....
1754-1758 - Fort FrontenacFort FrontenacFort Frontenac was a French trading post and military fort built in 1673 in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. It was positioned at the mouth of the Cataraqui River where the St. Lawrence River leaves Lake Ontario , in a location traditionally known as Cataraqui...
FortenacKingston, OntarioKingston, Ontario is a Canadian city located in Eastern Ontario where the St. Lawrence River flows out of Lake Ontario. Originally a First Nations settlement called "Katarowki," , growing European exploration in the 17th Century made it an important trading post...
1673-1758; rebuilt 1783 - Fort GaspareauxFort GaspareauxFort Gaspareaux was a French fort at the head of Baie Verte near the mouth of the Gaspareaux River and just southeast of the modern village of Port Elgin, New Brunswick, Canada, on the Isthmus of Chignecto...
1751-1756 - Fort KaministiquiaFort KaministiquiaFort Camanistigoyan, now standardized as Fort Kaministiquia, located at the mouth of the Kaministiquia River on Lake Superior in what is now northwestern Ontario, Canada, was established in 1717 by Zacharie Robutel de la Noue following the restoration of the system of trading permits by...
- Fort La BayeFort La BayeFort La Baye was a French military post at La Baye, which was built in 1717, and occupied until 1760.By 1718, there were a number of Canadien families living in the area near the fort. Other families settled across the river from the fort in an area which was called Munnomonee, because of the...
1717-1760 - Fort La Biche 1753-1757
- Fort La ReineFort La ReineFort La Reine was built in 1738, one of the forts of the western expansion directed by Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Vérendrye, first military commander in the west of what is now known as Canada. Located on the Assiniboine River where present day Portage La Prairie, Manitoba, stands, the...
1738-? - Fort Le BoeufFort Le BoeufFort Le Boeuf, , was a fort established by the French in 1753 on a fork of French Creek, in present-day Waterford, in northwest Pennsylvania...
1753-1763 - Fort Lachine (Fort Rémy), LachineLachine, QuebecLachine was a city on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is now a borough within the city of Montreal.-History:...
1672-1873 and site of Lachine massacreLachine massacreThe Lachine massacre, part of the Beaver Wars, occurred when 1,500 Mohawk warriors attacked by surprise the small, 375 inhabitant, settlement of Lachine, New France at the upper end of Montreal Island on the morning of August 5, 1689...
; abandoned 1825 and destroyed 1873
- Fort de la CorneFort de la CorneFort de la Corne was built in 1753 by Louis de la Corne, Chevalier de la Corne at the same time that the second Fort Paskoya was built. It was built a little lower than the Saskatchewan River Forks at the mouth of the Pehonan Creek, a new establishment which originally bore the name of Fort des...
1753-? - Fort La Jonquière 1751-?
- Fort La Pointe 1693-1759
- Fort Laprairie, Laprairie 1687-1713; site of the Battle of La PrairieBattle of La PrairieThe Battle of La Prairie was an attack made on the settlement of La Prairie, New France, a frontier settlement not far from Montreal...
1691 - Fort La ReineFort La ReineFort La Reine was built in 1738, one of the forts of the western expansion directed by Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Vérendrye, first military commander in the west of what is now known as Canada. Located on the Assiniboine River where present day Portage La Prairie, Manitoba, stands, the...
1738-1852 - Fort Le Sueur 1695-
- Fort MachaultFort MachaultFort Machault was a fort built by the French in 1754 near the confluence of French Creek with the Allegheny River, at present-day Franklin, in northwest Pennsylvania. The fort was part of a line that included Fort Presque Isle, Fort Le Boeuf, and Fort Duquesne.- Description:The fort was built on a...
1754-1763 - Fort MaurepasFort MaurepasNot to be confused with the Fort Maurepas built in 1699 by Bienville and Iberville in present-day Ocean Springs, Mississippi.Fort Maurepas was one of the first forts built by Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, sieur de La Vérendrye and his men. In 1733, they traveled from Fort St. Charles, which was...
1734- - Fort MenagouecheFort MenagouecheFort Menagoueche was a French fort at the mouth of the St. John River, New Brunswick, Canada. French Officer Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot built the fort during Father Le Loutre's War and eventually burned it himself as the French retreated after losing the Battle of...
1751-1755 - Fort MiamiFort MiamiFort Miami was the name of several forts in what is now the United States.*Fort Miami *Fort Miami *Fort Miami...
1679-1680 - Fort des Miamis 1702-1760
- Fort Michilimakinac 1715-1780
- Fort Michipicoton 1725-1904
- Fort Nashwaak 1692-1700
- Fort NiagaraFort NiagaraFort Niagara is a fortification originally built to protect the interests of New France in North America. It is located near Youngstown, New York, on the eastern bank of the Niagara River at its mouth, on Lake Ontario.-Origin:...
1726-
- Fort OuiatenonFort OuiatenonFort Ouiatenon was the first fortified European settlement in what is now called Indiana. It was a French trading post at the joining of the Tippecanoe River and the Wabash River located approximately three miles southwest of modern-day West Lafayette...
1717-1791 - Fort PaskoyaFort PaskoyaFort Paskoya or Paskoyac or Pasquia was a French fort and trading post near the mouth of the Saskatchewan River. Along with Fort Bourbon, Fort Dauphin and Fort La Reine is was built by the Vérendryes to control the chain of lakes west of Lake Winnipeg...
1741- - Fort Pentagouet 1613-1674
- Fort Pimiteoui1691-1812
- Fort Pontchartrain du Détroit 1701-1796
- Fort Presque IsleFort Presque IsleFort Presque Isle was a fort built by French soldiers in 1753 along Presque Isle Bay at present-day Erie, Pennsylvania...
1753-1852 - Fort RichelieuFort RichelieuFort Richelieu is a historic fort in the Canadian La Vallée-du-Richelieu Regional County Municipality, Quebec. The fort is designated as a National Historic Site. Fort Richelieu was part of a series of five forts built along the Richelieu River. Fort Richelieu is at the mouth of the Richelieu...
1665-? - Fort Royal (Plaisance)Fort Royal (Plaisance)Fort Royal is a French fort built in 1687 on the island of Newfoundland during the time of New France.In 1662, the French established a commercial counter on a well protected hill overlooking Placentia Bay which separates the Avalon form the rest of Newfoundland island and situated near Grand Banks...
1687-1713 - Fort RougeFort Rouge (fortification)Fort Rouge was a fort located on the Assiniboine River in Manitoba, Canada, on the site of what is now the city of Winnipeg. Its exact location is unknown. Its name in English means "red fort"....
1738-1741 - Fort Sainte AnneFort Sainte Anne-Canada:*Fort Sainte Anne on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia*Fort Albany, Ontario on James Bay, Ontario, formerly known as Fort Sainte Anne....
1686-1693 - Fort Saint AntoineFort Saint AntoineFort Saint Antoine was a seventeenth-century French fort in Wisconsin.The fort was founded in 1686 by Nicholas Perrot and a group of Canadiens.-Perrot's expedition:...
1686-1731 - Fort Saint Charles 1732-
- Fort Sainte Croix 1683-
- Fort Saint JacquesFort Saint JacquesFort Saint Jacques was founded in 1668 in northwestern Quebec on the James Bay, at the mouth of the Rupert River. It was the first Hudson’s Bay Company post by the Médard des Groseilliers. Called Fort Charles, it was the first European settlement in northern Canada...
1686-1713 - Fort Saint JeanFort Saint-Jean (Quebec)Fort Saint-Jean is a fort in the Canadian La Vallée-du-Richelieu Regional County Municipality, Quebec located on the Richelieu River. The fort was first built in 1666 by soldiers of the Carignan-Salières Regiment and was part of a series of forts built along the Richelieu River...
, La Vallée-du-RichelieuLa Vallée-du-Richelieu Regional County Municipality, QuebecLa Vallée-du-Richelieu is a Regional County Municipality in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It surrounds the Richelieu River as the river makes its way from Lake Champlain in the United States north to the Saint Lawrence River northeast of Montreal at Sorel-Tracy, Quebec...
1666 - destroyed 1760 and rebuilt by British in 1775 and had small shipyard
- Fort Saint Joseph 1691-1795
- Fort Saint Nicholas 1685-
- Fort Saint Pierre 1731-1812?
- Fort SandoskéFort SandoskéFort Sandoské was a British and French fort built in 1745.Built by the British in 1745, it was burned and occupied by both the British and French until 1763.The fort was located on Marblehead Peninsula in Sandusky Bay in Ohio.-External links:*...
1747-1763 - Fort SennevilleFort SennevilleFort Senneville is one of the outlying forts of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, built by the Canadiens of New France near the Sainte-Anne rapids in 1671. The property was part of a fief ceded to Dugué de Boisbriant in 1672 by the Sulpicians. A large stone windmill, which doubled as a watch tower, was...
1671-1691; 1692-1776 - Fort Tourette 1683-1763
- Fort TrempealeauFort TrempealeauFort Trempealeau was founded in 1685 by Nicholas Perrot and a groupe of Canadiens. In the fall of 1685, Perrot and his men arrived at Mont Trempealeau by canoe. The Winnebagos called this mountain, Hay-nee-ah-cheh, or the mountain in the water. That is why Perrot called it in french, la montagne...
1685-1731 - Fort Verchères 1672-
- Fort Vincennes 1731-1766
- Fort Ville-MarieFort Ville-MarieFort Ville-Marie was a fortress outpost of France in North America. It is the historic nucleus around which the original settlement of Montreal grew.Given its importance, the site of the fort was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1924....
1642-74; demolished 1688
Units
- French ArmyFrench ArmyThe French Army, officially the Armée de Terre , is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces.As of 2010, the army employs 123,100 regulars, 18,350 part-time reservists and 7,700 Legionnaires. All soldiers are professionals, following the suspension of conscription, voted in...
- Carignan-Salières RegimentCarignan-Salières RegimentThe Carignan-Salières Regiment was a Piedmont French military unit formed by merging the Carignan Regiment and the Salières Regiment in 1659. The regiment began their existence in combat against the Ottoman Empire before being reorganized to consist of twenty-four companies before being sent to...
(Régiment de Carignan-Salières) - volunteer army unit (1665–1668)- François Cottineau, dit Champlaurier, a member of this unit and ancestor of PM Sir Wilfrid Laurier
- Régiment suisse de Karrer 1722-1745 (Louisbourg); 1747-1749 (Quebec)
- 176 soldiers and 4 officers 1740s
- Canadian Voyageurs - militia unit
- militia artillery corps (2 brigades) - 1723
- Reserve companies (2 units) - 1750s
- The Governor General's Guard 1672-1682 - 20 mounted men-at-arms or carabineers for Louis de Buade, Count Frontenac
- Compagnie des canonniers-bombardiers de Quebec (Gunner and Bombardier Company) 1750-1760 - consisted of 43 gunners/bombers
- Régiment de la ReineRégiment de la ReineThe Régiment de la Reine was a French Army regiment active in the 18th century. It is principally known for its role in the Seven Years' War, when it served in the North American theatre.-History:...
1755-1760 - Régiment de GuyenneRégiment de GuyenneThe Régiment de Guyenne was a French Army infantry regiment in the 18th century. It is principally known for its role in the Seven Years' War, when it served in the North American theatre.-History:...
1755-1760 - Régiment de BerryRégiment de BerryThe Régiment de Berry was a French Army regiment active in the 18th century. It is principally known for its role in the Seven Years' War, when it served in the North American theatre.-History:...
1755-1760 - Régiment de BéarnRégiment de BéarnThe Régiment de Béarn was a French Army regiment active in the 18th century. It is principally known for its role in the Seven Years' War, when it served in the North American theatre.-History:...
1755-1760 - Régiment La SarreRégiment La SarreThe Régiment La Sarre was a French Army regiment active in the 18th century. It is principally known for its role in the Seven Years' War, when it served in the North American theatre.-History:...
1755-1760 - Régiment Royal RoussillonRégiment Royal RoussillonThe Régiment Royal Roussillon was a French Army regiment active during the late 17th century and 18th century. It is principally known for its role in the Seven Years' War, when it served in the North American theatre.-History:...
1755-1760 - Régiment de LanguedocRégiment de LanguedocThe Régiment de Languedoc was a French Army regiment active in the 18th century. It is principally known for its role in the Seven Years' War, when it served in the North American theatre.-History:...
1755-1760- 2 companies
- Marechaussee - police unit
- Carignan-Salières Regiment
- French NavyFrench NavyThe French Navy, officially the Marine nationale and often called La Royale is the maritime arm of the French military. It includes a full range of fighting vessels, from patrol boats to a nuclear powered aircraft carrier and 10 nuclear-powered submarines, four of which are capable of launching...
-
- 28 Compagnies Franches de la MarineCompagnies Franches de la MarineThe Compagnies Franches de la Marine was the main organization for the defence of New France from 1683 to 1755. In 1683, the Naval Department of France began using the Compagnies to defend the fur trade and the local civilians. They were superseded by the arrival of large units of the army under...
(Naval Corps) 1683-1755- 30 companies 1750s with 1500 soldiers and 120 officers
- Compagnies franches de la Marine of Acadia
- 4 companies with 200 soldiers and 12 officers by 1702
- Compagnies franches de la Marine of Plaisance
- 3 companies with 150 soldiers and 9 officers by 1690s
- Compagnies franches de la Marine on Ile Royale 1710s
- 24 companies with 1200 soldiers and 96 officers by 1749
- Bombardiers de la Marine (Navy Bombardiers) 1702-1760s
- Troupes de la marineTroupes de la marineSee also Troupes de Marine for later history of same Corps.The Troupes de la Marine , also known as independent companies of the navy and colonial regulars, were under the authority of the French Minister of Marine, who was also responsible for the French navy, overseas trade, and French...
(Troops of Marines) 1682-1755 - Galley Troops (Pertuisaniers des Galères)
- 28 Compagnies Franches de la Marine
Military commanders
- Louis-Joseph de MontcalmLouis-Joseph de MontcalmLouis-Joseph de Montcalm-Gozon, Marquis de Saint-Veran was a French soldier best known as the commander of the forces in North America during the Seven Years' War .Montcalm was born near Nîmes in France to a noble family, and entered military service...
- Chevalier de LévisFrancis de Gaston, Chevalier de LevisFrançois de Gaston, Chevalier de Lévis , born in Ajac, Aude, was a French noble and a Marshal of France. He served with distinction in the War of the Polish Succession and the War of the Austrian Succession, and served as a capable second in command to Louis-Joseph de Montcalm in the defense of New...
- Louis Antoine de BougainvilleLouis Antoine de BougainvilleLouis-Antoine, Comte de Bougainville was a French admiral and explorer. A contemporary of James Cook, he took part in the French and Indian War and the unsuccessful French attempt to defend Canada from Britain...
- François-Charles de BourlamaqueFrançois-Charles de BourlamaqueFrançois-Charles de Bourlamaque was a French military leader and Governor of Guadeloupe from 1763. He began as military engineer, major-captain, infantry colonel, infantry commandant, commandant, general brigadier, major-general, commander of Saint-Louis, honorary order of Malta, and Governor of...
- Claude-Pierre Pécaudy de ContrecœurClaude-Pierre Pécaudy de ContrecœurClaude-Pierre Pécaudy de Contrecœur was an officer in the colonial regular troops , seigneur, and member of the Legislative Council of New France. Born on December 28, 1705 at Contrecœur, Quebec, son of Francois-Antoine Pécaudy de Contrecoeur, a seigneur and officer in the colonial regulars, and...
- Marquis de Denonville
- Daniel Liénard de BeaujeuDaniel Liénard de BeaujeuDaniel Hyacinthe Liénard de Beaujeu was a French officer during the Seven Years War. He participated in the Battle of Grand Pre . He also organized the force that attacked General Edward Braddock's army after it forded the Monongahela River. The event was later dubbed the Battle of the Monongahela...
- Louis Coulon de VilliersLouis Coulon de VilliersSieur Louis Coulon de Villiers was a French Canadian military officer during the French and Indian War . Perhaps his greatest claim to fame is the fact that he is the only military opponent to force George Washington to surrender.Coulon was born into a prominent French Canadian family...
- Chevalier de la CorneLouis de la Corne, Chevalier de la CorneLouis de la Corne or Louis Chapt, Chevalier de la Corne was born at Fort Frontenac in what is now Kingston, Ontario, Canada, and began his career in the colonial regular troops as a second ensign in 1722 and was made full ensign five years later.He married in 1728 and began investing heavily in...
- Charles Le MoyneCharles le Moyne de Longueuil, Baron de LongueuilCharles le Moyne de Longueuil, Baron de Longueuil was the first native-born Canadian to be made Baron in New France....
- Joseph-François Hertel de la FresnièreJoseph-François Hertel de la FresnièreJoseph-François Hertel de la Fresnière was a military officer of New France. Born in Trois-Rivières when it was a small frontier town, he grew up with the constant threat of military action against the Iroquois...
French Royal Navy
- Jean VauquelinJean VauquelinJean Vauquelin was a French naval officer.Vauquelin came to Canada as part of the naval force innvolved in the Seven Years' War. He arrived in 1759 in commander of the frigate Atalante. Ensuing action involved Louisbourg and the naval battles with the British on the St. Lawrence...
- Duc d'AnvilleJean-Baptiste Louis Frédéric de La Rochefoucauld de RoyeJean-Baptiste Louis Frédéric de La Rochefoucauld de Roye was made duc d'Anville by King Louis XV of France and pursued a military career in the French navy...
- Joseph de BauffremontJoseph de BauffremontJoseph de Bauffremont, Prince of Listenois , was a member of the Bauffremont family, and a French Navy officer under Louis XIV. He was a commander in the Seven Year's War...
- Comte de La GalissonièreRoland-Michel Barrin de La GalissonièreRoland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière, Marquis de La Galissonière, sometimes spelled Galissonnière, was the French governor of New France from 1747 to 1749 and the victor in the Battle of Minorca in 1756.- New France :...
- Pierre LeMoyne d'Iberville
- Louis Charles du Chaffault de Besné
- Dubois de la MotteEmmanuel-Auguste de Cahideuc, Comte Dubois de la MotteVice-Admiral Emmanuel-Auguste de Cahideuc, Comte Dubois de la Motte was a French naval officer.Emmanuel-Auguste de Cahideuc entered the navy as a midshipman in 1698, and received his first command in 1708. Following a promotion to sub-lieutenant, he fought at Rio de Janeiro in 1711...
- Le Machault
- Le Pélican 44-guns
- BienfaisantHMS Bienfaisant (1758)Bienfaisant was a 64-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, launched in 1754.She was captured by the Royal Navy on the night of 25 July 1758 during a cutting out expedition ordered by Admiral Edward Boscawen during the 1758 Siege of Louisbourg. Bienfaisant and the 74-gun Prudent were the last...
64-guns - L'Algonquin 74-guns
- DiadèmeFrench ship Diadème (1756)The Diadème was the lead ship of the Diadème class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.On 17 March 1757, along with the 64-gun Éveillé, she captured HMS Greenwich, commanded by Captain Robert Roddam, off Saint-Domingue....
74-guns - Tonnant 84-guns
Ranks
- mounted men-at-arms (carabineers)
- lieutenant
- pikeman
- captain
- corporal
- drummer
- bombardier
- Sergeant
- grenadier or artilleryman
- cornet
- master gunner
- gunner
- archers
Weapons
- muskets
- light hunting musket by militia units
- flintlock muskets by marines
- matchlock muskets with bayonets by marines
- swords
- pikePike (weapon)A pike is a pole weapon, a very long thrusting spear used extensively by infantry both for attacks on enemy foot soldiers and as a counter-measure against cavalry assaults. Unlike many similar weapons, the pike is not intended to be thrown. Pikes were used regularly in European warfare from the...
- used by pikemen - hatchetHatchetA hatchet is a single-handed striking tool with a sharp blade used to cut and split wood...
- used by militiamen - halbard
Ships
A list of ships posted to New France:- La Tempête
Ship building in New France 1650s and repair facilities were available in Quebec and Louisburg.
Ships built in Quebec shipyard include:
- 500-tonne store ship launched on June 4, 1742
- Caribou, a 700-tonne store ship launched on May 13, 1744
- Castor, a 26-gun frigate launched on May 16, 1745
- Carcajou, a 12-gun corvette built in 1744-45
- Martre, a 22-gun frigate launched on June 6, 1746
- Saint-Laurent, a 60-gun vessel launched on June 13, 1748
- Original, a 60-gun vessel - sank when launched on September 2, 1750
- Algonquin, a 72-gun ship launched in June 1753
- Abénaquise, a 30-gun frigate launched in the spring of 1756
- 30-gun frigate begun in 1756 but not completed