Millalelmo
Encyclopedia
Millalelmo or Millarelmo
(died 1570) was a famous Mapuche
military leader in the second great Mapuche rebellion that began in 1561 during the Arauco War
. Probably the toqui
of the Arauco region
, he commanded the Mapuche army of that area at the Siege of Arauco
from May 20 to June 30, 1562.
Later in 1563 he led his army to defeat Captain Juan Perez de Zurita
at a crossing of the Andalién River
near Concepcion
. This cut off reinforcements to the city of Concepcion and lead to the 1564 Siege of Concepcion
in cooperation with the Mapuche forces from north of the Bio Bio River under the vice toqui Loble
. In 1566 Millalemo lead the attack on the recently rebuilt Cañete. In 1569 he was a leader under Llanganabal
in the Battle of Catirai
.
He is said to have died in 1570 and ordered his body to be burned, so that he might rise up into the clouds and keep up the war against the dead Spaniards whom he expected to find there.
(died 1570) was a famous Mapuche
Mapuche
The Mapuche are a group of indigenous inhabitants of south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina. They constitute a wide-ranging ethnicity composed of various groups who shared a common social, religious and economic structure, as well as a common linguistic heritage. Their influence extended...
military leader in the second great Mapuche rebellion that began in 1561 during the Arauco War
Arauco War
The Arauco War was a conflict between colonial Spaniards and the Mapuche people in what is now the Araucanía and Biobío regions of modern Chile...
. Probably the toqui
Toqui
Toqui is a title conferred by the Mapuche to those who are chosen as their leaders during times of war. The toqui is chosen in an assembly or parliament of the chieftains of the various clans or confederation of clans , allied during the war in question...
of the Arauco region
Arauco Province
Arauco Province is one of four provinces of the Chilean region of Biobío . It spans a coastal area of just south of the mouth of the Biobío River, the traditional demarcation between the nation's major natural regions, Zona Central and Zona Sur...
, he commanded the Mapuche army of that area at the Siege of Arauco
Arauco, Chile
Arauco is a city and commune in Chile, located in Arauco Province in the Biobio Region. The meaning of Arauco means Chalky Water in Mapudungun. The region was a Moluche aillarehue...
from May 20 to June 30, 1562.
Later in 1563 he led his army to defeat Captain Juan Perez de Zurita
Juan Perez de Zurita
Juan Perez de Zurita , Spanish Conquistador, was the son of Alonso Diaz de Zurita, native of Cañete de las Torres and Dona Ines Fernandez de Cordova. In 1536 he began his military career. In 1548 he was in Granada and in 1550 he embarked to the Indies with his brother Alonso de Zurita. In 1553 went...
at a crossing of the Andalién River
Andalién River
The Andalién river is a river in the province of Concepcion that was formed north northeast of the city of Florida and flows west to and crosses part of the city of Concepción, Chile, and then north through the communes of Penco and Talcahuano, ending at the Bay of Concepción.- Source :* pg. 31-32...
near Concepcion
Concepción, Chile
Concepción is a city in Chile, capital of Concepción Province and of the Biobío Region or Region VIII. Greater Concepción is the second-largest conurbation in the country, with 889,725 inhabitants...
. This cut off reinforcements to the city of Concepcion and lead to the 1564 Siege of Concepcion
Siege of Concepcion
During the Siege of Concepcion of the Arauco War, 20,000 warriors of the army of the Mapuche laid siege to the Spanish garrison and civil population in the fortress of Concepcion, Chile.-History:...
in cooperation with the Mapuche forces from north of the Bio Bio River under the vice toqui Loble
Loble
Loble , also known as Lig-lemu or Lillemu, was the Mapuche vice-toqui of the Moluche north of the Bio-Bio River who led the second Mapuche revolt during the Arauco War....
. In 1566 Millalemo lead the attack on the recently rebuilt Cañete. In 1569 he was a leader under Llanganabal
Llanganabal
Llanganabal was a Moluche toqui who led the Mapuche army that defeated the Spanish led by Martín Ruiz de Gamboa in the Battle of Catirai in 1569. In 1560 Llanganabal is listed as one of the caciques heading an encomienda along the Bio Bio River. Shortly after began the outbreak of the 1561...
in the Battle of Catirai
Battle of Catirai
Battle of Catirai on January 7, 1569 between the Mapuche army of Toqui Llanganabal and the Spanish army led by Martín Ruiz de Gamboa that resulted in a Mapuche victory.-History:...
.
He is said to have died in 1570 and ordered his body to be burned, so that he might rise up into the clouds and keep up the war against the dead Spaniards whom he expected to find there.
Sources
- Alonso de Góngora MarmolejoAlonso de Góngora MarmolejoAlonso de Góngora Marmolejo was a Spanish conquistador and chronicler of the early conquest and settlement of the Kingdom of Chile, and the start of the Arauco War.-Biography:...
, Historia de Todas las Cosas que han Acaecido en el Reino de Chile y de los que lo han gobernado (1536-1575) (History of All the Things that Have happened in the Kingdom of Chile and of they that have governed it (1536-1575)), Edición digital a partir de Crónicas del Reino de Chile, Madrid, Atlas, 1960, pp. 75–224, (on line in Spanish)- Cap. XXXVI. De cómo Francisco de Villagra envió su hijo Pedro de Villagra a desbaratar un fuerte en compañía del licenciado Altamirano, que era su maestre de campo, y de lo que en la jornada le sucedió
- Cap. XXXVII. De lo que hizo Francisco de Villagra después que tuvo nueva de la pérdida de Mereguano
- Cap. XXXIX. De cómo todos los caciques y señores principales de toda la provincia se conjuraron y vinieron sobre la casa fuerte de Arauco, y lo que sucedió
- Cap. XL. De cómo los indios de toda la provincia se juntaron y vinieron a poner cerco a los cristianos que estaban en el fuerte de Arauco, y de lo que sucedió
- Cap. LXVI. De lo que hizo el gobernador Saravia después de la pérdida de Catiray
- Cap. LXVII. De lo que hizo el general Martín Ruiz de Gamboa después que llegó a Cañete, y de lo que le sucedió
- Pedro Mariño de LoberaPedro Mariño de LoberaPedro Mariño de Lobera was a Spanish conquistador and chronicler of the Arauco War in the Kingdom of Chile.-Biography:A professional soldier who served in the war between Spain and France, he went to the Americas in 1545. Mariño joined the forces of Pedro de La Gasca in Havana, Cuba, when he...
, Crónica del Reino de Chile , escrita por el capitán Pedro Mariño de Lobera....reducido a nuevo método y estilo por el Padre Bartolomé de Escobar. Edición digital a partir de Crónicas del Reino de Chile Madrid, Atlas, 1960, pp. 227-562, (Biblioteca de Autores Españoles ; 569-575). Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes (on line in Spanish) - Diego de RosalesDiego de RosalesDiego de Rosales was a Spanish chronicler and author of Historia General del Reino de Chile.He studied in his hometown, where he also joined the Society of Jesus. He came to Chile in the year 1629, without having taken his last vows still being sent to the residence that the Jesuits had in Arauco...
, “Historia General del Reino de Chile”, Flandes Indiano, 3 tomos. Valparaíso 1877 - 1878.- Historia general de el Reyno de Chile: Flandes Indiano, Tomo II (1554–1625)
- CAPÍTULO XLI.
- Historia general de el Reyno de Chile: Flandes Indiano, Tomo II (1554–1625)
- Guillermo Coz y Méndez, Historia de Concepción, Capítulo IV
- John Augustine Zahm, Through South America's Southland: With an Account of the Roosevelt Scientific Expedition to South America, D. Appleton and Company, 1916, 526 pages Original from Harvard University, Digitized May 14, 2007