Minuscule 155
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 155 ε 403 (Soden), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 13th century. It has marginalia
.
s on 307 parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, in 20 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 241 – 16:20), but it was added by later hand.
It contains Synaxarion, subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, with numbers of στιχοι
. Some lessons from Paul
prefixed.
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kr
. Aland
placed it in Category. According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the textual family Kr
in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 20 no profile was made.
to Rutgersius (1589-1625), Swedish Ambassador to the United Provinces
. It belonged to Daniel Heinsius
and Nicholas Heinsius. It was cited by Daniel Heinsius
, as Codex Rutgersii, in his Exercitationes sacrae in Evangel. (1639) After Nicholas Heinsius it belonged to Queen Christina of Sweden
and Cardinal Pietro Ottoboni.
Heinsius, one of its owner, worked on the Textus Receptus
of the Greek New Testament for Elzeviers edition (1624, 1633), than influence of the codex 155 on the Textus Receptus is possible. According to Jonge it is possible only in 12 places, but all of this changes can be explained by the influence of the Complutensian Polyglotte
.
It was examined by Wettstein
, Birch
(about 1782), Scholz, C. R. Gregory (1886), Jonge. Wettstein designated it by number 99.
It is currently housed at the Vatican Library
(Reg. gr. 79), at Rome
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 13th century. It has marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
.
Description
The codex contains a complete text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s on 307 parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in one column per page, in 20 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 241 – 16:20), but it was added by later hand.
It contains Synaxarion, subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, with numbers of στιχοι
Stichometry
Stichometry is a term applied to the measurement of ancient texts by στίχοι or verses of a fixed standard length.It was the custom of the Greeks and Romans to estimate the length of their literary works by measured lines...
. Some lessons from Paul
Pauline epistles
The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen New Testament books which have the name Paul as the first word, hence claiming authorship by Paul the Apostle. Among these letters are some of the earliest extant Christian documents...
prefixed.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kr
Family Kr
Family Kr is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It has no uncials, no early minuscules, it has only hundreds of minuscules.- Description :...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category. According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the textual family Kr
Family Kr
Family Kr is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It has no uncials, no early minuscules, it has only hundreds of minuscules.- Description :...
in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 20 no profile was made.
History
It was given by Andreas RivetusAndré Rivet
André Rivet was a French Huguenot theologian.-Life:He was born at Saint-Maixent, 43 km southwest of Poitiers, France. After completing his education at Berne, he studied theology privately at Berne and La Rochelle, and from 1595 to 1620 was at Thouars, first as chaplain of the duke of La...
to Rutgersius (1589-1625), Swedish Ambassador to the United Provinces
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
. It belonged to Daniel Heinsius
Daniel Heinsius
Daniel Heinsius was one of the most famous scholars of the Dutch Renaissance.-His youth and student years:...
and Nicholas Heinsius. It was cited by Daniel Heinsius
Daniel Heinsius
Daniel Heinsius was one of the most famous scholars of the Dutch Renaissance.-His youth and student years:...
, as Codex Rutgersii, in his Exercitationes sacrae in Evangel. (1639) After Nicholas Heinsius it belonged to Queen Christina of Sweden
Christina of Sweden
Christina , later adopted the name Christina Alexandra, was Queen regnant of Swedes, Goths and Vandals, Grand Princess of Finland, and Duchess of Ingria, Estonia, Livonia and Karelia, from 1633 to 1654. She was the only surviving legitimate child of King Gustav II Adolph and his wife Maria Eleonora...
and Cardinal Pietro Ottoboni.
Heinsius, one of its owner, worked on the Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus is the name subsequently given to the succession of printed Greek texts of the New Testament which constituted the translation base for the original German Luther Bible, the translation of the New Testament into English by William Tyndale, the King James Version, and for most other...
of the Greek New Testament for Elzeviers edition (1624, 1633), than influence of the codex 155 on the Textus Receptus is possible. According to Jonge it is possible only in 12 places, but all of this changes can be explained by the influence of the Complutensian Polyglotte
Complutensian Polyglot Bible
The Complutensian Polyglot Bible is the name given to the first printed polyglot of the entire Bible, initiated and financed by Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros . It includes the first printed editions of the Greek New Testament, the complete Septuagint, and the Targum Onkelos...
.
It was examined by Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein was a Swiss theologian, best known as a New Testament critic.-Youth and study:...
, Birch
Andrew Birch
Andrew Birch was a professor from Copenhagen. Birch was sent in 1781–1783 by the king of Denmark, Christian VII, to examine manuscripts in Italy, Germany, and other European countries.- Life :...
(about 1782), Scholz, C. R. Gregory (1886), Jonge. Wettstein designated it by number 99.
It is currently housed at the Vatican Library
Vatican Library
The Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from...
(Reg. gr. 79), at Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- H. J. de Jonge, "The Manuscriptus Evangeliorum Antiquissimus of Daniel Hensius", NTS 21 (1974_1975), pp. 286-294.