Minuscule 2278
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 2278 is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
written on parchment. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 14th century. Gregory catalogued it twice as 812 and 2278.
contains the text of the four Gospel
s, on 254 parchment
leaves (size ).
The text is written in one column per page, 24 lines per page.
The large initial letters are written in gold. The first page of every Gospel is written in gold.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, with their (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the Ammonian Sections (with divergences), whose numbers are given at the margin, without references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains Epistula ad Carpianum
, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, and pictures. Lectionary markings at the margin (for church reading), Synaxarion, and Menologion were added by later hand.
. Aland
did not place it in any Category
.
It was not examined by Hermann von Soden. According to the Claremont Profile Method it has mixed Byzantine text and represents textual family Πb in Luke 1, Luke 10, and Luke 20.
It contains the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) without any mark.
to the 14th century. According to Frederick Wisse the manuscript was written in 1314. There is a note at the end of the Gospel of Matthew
, made by different hand with date 1322, about an attack of the Turks. Before Matthew there is another note with date 1746.
It was held in Corfu
and belonged to Archbishop Eustathius, then it came to "Dawes Collection" (as the second volume; the first volume belonged to 2277
, the third to 2279). In 15 October 1904 it was bought for the British Museum.
It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Gregory (812e). Gregory saw it in 1886 during his visit in Greece.
In 17 October 1904 Gregory saw this manuscript in British Museum
and catalogued again under the siglum 2278. This time he assigned age of the manuscript for the 11th or 12th century. Second description is more detailed though he did not enumerated pages of the codex. One page of the codex was edited in facsimile.
Kurt Aland
recognized that numbers 812 and 2278 belongs to the same manuscript and number 812 was deleted from the list, actually number 2278 is used as siglum for this manuscript.
The manuscript is now housed at the library of the British Library
(Add. 37002) in London
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
written on parchment. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 14th century. Gregory catalogued it twice as 812 and 2278.
Description
The codexCodex
A codex is a book in the format used for modern books, with multiple quires or gatherings typically bound together and given a cover.Developed by the Romans from wooden writing tablets, its gradual replacement...
contains the text of the four Gospel
Gospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s, on 254 parchment
Parchment
Parchment is a thin material made from calfskin, sheepskin or goatskin, often split. Its most common use was as a material for writing on, for documents, notes, or the pages of a book, codex or manuscript. It is distinct from leather in that parchment is limed but not tanned; therefore, it is very...
leaves (size ).
The text is written in one column per page, 24 lines per page.
The large initial letters are written in gold. The first page of every Gospel is written in gold.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, with their (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the Ammonian Sections (with divergences), whose numbers are given at the margin, without references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, and pictures. Lectionary markings at the margin (for church reading), Synaxarion, and Menologion were added by later hand.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
did not place it in any Category
Categories of New Testament manuscripts
New Testament manuscripts in Greek are categorized into five groups, according to a scheme introduced in 1981 by Kurt and Barbara Aland in Der Text des Neuen Testaments. The categories are based on how each manuscript relates to the various text-types. Generally speaking, earlier Alexandrian...
.
It was not examined by Hermann von Soden. According to the Claremont Profile Method it has mixed Byzantine text and represents textual family Πb in Luke 1, Luke 10, and Luke 20.
It contains the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) without any mark.
History
Gregory dated the manuscript to the 12th century. The manuscript is currently dated by the INTFInstitute for New Testament Textual Research
The Institute for New Testament Textual Research at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is an institute for the investigation of the text of the New Testament. The INTF was founded in Münster in 1959 by Professor Kurt Aland , the first director of the Institute...
to the 14th century. According to Frederick Wisse the manuscript was written in 1314. There is a note at the end of the Gospel of Matthew
Gospel of Matthew
The Gospel According to Matthew is one of the four canonical gospels, one of the three synoptic gospels, and the first book of the New Testament. It tells of the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth...
, made by different hand with date 1322, about an attack of the Turks. Before Matthew there is another note with date 1746.
It was held in Corfu
Corfu
Corfu is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. It is the second largest of the Ionian Islands, and, including its small satellite islands, forms the edge of the northwestern frontier of Greece. The island is part of the Corfu regional unit, and is administered as a single municipality. The...
and belonged to Archbishop Eustathius, then it came to "Dawes Collection" (as the second volume; the first volume belonged to 2277
Minuscule 2277
Minuscule 2277 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament written on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Gregory catalogued it twice as 816 and 2277.- Description :...
, the third to 2279). In 15 October 1904 it was bought for the British Museum.
It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Gregory (812e). Gregory saw it in 1886 during his visit in Greece.
In 17 October 1904 Gregory saw this manuscript in British Museum
British Museum
The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture in London. Its collections, which number more than seven million objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its...
and catalogued again under the siglum 2278. This time he assigned age of the manuscript for the 11th or 12th century. Second description is more detailed though he did not enumerated pages of the codex. One page of the codex was edited in facsimile.
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
recognized that numbers 812 and 2278 belongs to the same manuscript and number 812 was deleted from the list, actually number 2278 is used as siglum for this manuscript.
The manuscript is now housed at the library of the British Library
British Library
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom, and is the world's largest library in terms of total number of items. The library is a major research library, holding over 150 million items from every country in the world, in virtually all known languages and in many formats,...
(Add. 37002) in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
- Minuscule 2276Minuscule 2276Minuscule 2276 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament written on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. Only one leaf of the codex has survived...
Further reading
- Facsimiles of Ancient Manuscripts, ed. E. M. Thompson and others, I (London, 1903), p. 52.