Minuscule 398
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 398 α 398 (Soden), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. Paleographically
it has been assigned to the 10th century.
Formerly it was designated by 9a and 11p.
, General epistles
, and Pauline epistles
on 251 parchment leaves with lacunae
(Acts 3:6-17; 1 Timothy 4:12-2 Timothy 4:3; Hebrews 7:20-11:10; 11:23-13:25). It is written in one column per page, in 22 lines per page.
with exception for the General epistles. Aland
placed it in Category V (except General epistles). The text of General epistles Aland assigned to the Category III.
Aland gave for it the following textual profile: Acts 751 281/2 42 1s, Cath 621 71/2 162 13s, Paul 1581 481/2 32 0S.
The manuscript once belonged to François Vatable
, friend of Robert Estienne
and professor of Hebrew in Paris. The manuscript probably was used in Editio Regia
as ιγ'.
It was slightly examined by Scholz, who catalogued it twice (as 9a and 112a). Fenton Hort examined Catholic epistles. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886. In 1908 Gregory gave for it number 398.
In the 18th century it was used as an argument against the authenticity of the Comma Johanneum
.
Formerly it was designated by 9a and 11p. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 398 to it.
The manuscript is currently housed at the Cambridge University Library
(Kk. 6.4) in Cambridge
.
(C. II. 5). It contains 310 leaves (31.1 by 21.8 cm), written in 2 columns and 30 lines per page, dated to the 13th century. Gregory saw it in 1886. In 1908 Gregory removed it from the list of the New Testament manuscripts because it is rather a commentary, with incomplete text of the Gospels. It was examined and described by Giuseppe Passini (as 109).
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. Paleographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 10th century.
Formerly it was designated by 9a and 11p.
Description
The codex contains the text of the Acts of the ApostlesActs of the Apostles
The Acts of the Apostles , usually referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; Acts outlines the history of the Apostolic Age...
, General epistles
General epistles
General epistles are books in the New Testament in the form of letters. They are termed "general" because for the most part their intended audience seems to be Christians in general rather than individual persons or congregations as is the case with the Pauline epistles...
, and Pauline epistles
Pauline epistles
The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen New Testament books which have the name Paul as the first word, hence claiming authorship by Paul the Apostle. Among these letters are some of the earliest extant Christian documents...
on 251 parchment leaves with lacunae
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacunaPlural lacunae. From Latin lacūna , diminutive form of lacus . is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work...
(Acts 3:6-17; 1 Timothy 4:12-2 Timothy 4:3; Hebrews 7:20-11:10; 11:23-13:25). It is written in one column per page, in 22 lines per page.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
with exception for the General epistles. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V (except General epistles). The text of General epistles Aland assigned to the Category III.
Aland gave for it the following textual profile: Acts 751 281/2 42 1s, Cath 621 71/2 162 13s, Paul 1581 481/2 32 0S.
- 1: agreements with the Byzantine text
- 1/2: agreements with the Byzantine text where it has the same reading as the original text
- 2: agreements with the original text
- S: independent or distinctive readings ("Sonderlesarten").
History
Gregory dated it to the 11th or 12th century. Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 10th century.The manuscript once belonged to François Vatable
François Vatable
François Vatable was a French humanist scholar, a Hellenist and Hebraist.-Life:Born in Gamaches, Somme, he was for a time rector of Bramet in Valois, in 1530 or 1531. Francis I of France appointed him to the chair of Hebrew in the newly-founded College of the Three Languages, afterwards better...
, friend of Robert Estienne
Robert Estienne
Robert I Estienne , known as Robertus Stephanus in Latin and also referred to as Robert Stephens by 18th and 19th-century English writers, was a 16th century printer and classical scholar in Paris...
and professor of Hebrew in Paris. The manuscript probably was used in Editio Regia
Editio Regia
Editio Regia , it is the third and the most important edition of the Greek New Testament of Robert Estienne . It is one of the most important printed editions of the Greek New Testament in history, the Textus Receptus. It was named Editio Regia because of the beautiful and elegant Greek font it...
as ιγ'.
It was slightly examined by Scholz, who catalogued it twice (as 9a and 112a). Fenton Hort examined Catholic epistles. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886. In 1908 Gregory gave for it number 398.
In the 18th century it was used as an argument against the authenticity of the Comma Johanneum
Comma Johanneum
The Comma Johanneum is a comma in the First Epistle of John according to the Latin Vulgate text as transmitted since the Early Middle Ages, based on Vetus Latina minority readings dating to the 7th century...
.
Formerly it was designated by 9a and 11p. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 398 to it.
The manuscript is currently housed at the Cambridge University Library
Cambridge University Library
The Cambridge University Library is the centrally-administered library of Cambridge University in England. It comprises five separate libraries:* the University Library main building * the Medical Library...
(Kk. 6.4) in Cambridge
Cambridge
The city of Cambridge is a university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies in East Anglia about north of London. Cambridge is at the heart of the high-technology centre known as Silicon Fen – a play on Silicon Valley and the fens surrounding the...
.
Former 398
Formerly number 398 (Scholz) belonged to a commentary housed in the Turin National University LibraryTurin National University Library
The National University Library in Turin, Italy, is one of the country's main libraries.It was founded in 1720 as the Royal University Library by Victor Amadeus II, who unified collections from the library of the University of Turin and from the library of the Dukes of Savoy...
(C. II. 5). It contains 310 leaves (31.1 by 21.8 cm), written in 2 columns and 30 lines per page, dated to the 13th century. Gregory saw it in 1886. In 1908 Gregory removed it from the list of the New Testament manuscripts because it is rather a commentary, with incomplete text of the Gospels. It was examined and described by Giuseppe Passini (as 109).
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...