Minuscule 454
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 454 Ο 8 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 10th century.
Formerly it was labeled by 84a and 94p.
, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles
on 244 parchment leaves . It lacks Hebrews 13:21-25. The test is written in two columns per page, in 32 lines per page.
It contains Prolegomena, tables of the κεφαλαια (tables of contents) before each book, numbers of the κεφαλαια (chapters), the τιτλοι (titles), subscriptions at the end of each book, στιχοι
, and a commentaries (Chrysostom's
on the Acts, Nicetas
on the all the Epistles).
. Aland
placed it in Category V.
The order of books: Acts, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles (Hebrews placed before 1 Timothy).
Formerly it was labeled by 84a and 94p. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 454 to it.
It is currently housed at the Laurentian Library
(Plutei IV. 1) in Florence
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 10th century.
Formerly it was labeled by 84a and 94p.
Description
The codex contains the text of the Acts of the ApostlesActs of the Apostles
The Acts of the Apostles , usually referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; Acts outlines the history of the Apostolic Age...
, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles
Pauline epistles
The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen New Testament books which have the name Paul as the first word, hence claiming authorship by Paul the Apostle. Among these letters are some of the earliest extant Christian documents...
on 244 parchment leaves . It lacks Hebrews 13:21-25. The test is written in two columns per page, in 32 lines per page.
It contains Prolegomena, tables of the κεφαλαια (tables of contents) before each book, numbers of the κεφαλαια (chapters), the τιτλοι (titles), subscriptions at the end of each book, στιχοι
Stichometry
Stichometry is a term applied to the measurement of ancient texts by στίχοι or verses of a fixed standard length.It was the custom of the Greeks and Romans to estimate the length of their literary works by measured lines...
, and a commentaries (Chrysostom's
John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom , Archbishop of Constantinople, was an important Early Church Father. He is known for his eloquence in preaching and public speaking, his denunciation of abuse of authority by both ecclesiastical and political leaders, the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom, and his ascetic...
on the Acts, Nicetas
Nicetas of Heraclea
Nicetas was an 11th century Greek clergyman. A deacon of St. Sophia, Constantinople, he was a nephew of the bishop Serres or Serrae in Macedonia. Eventually he became Metropolitan of Heraclea , at the end of the eleventh century...
on the all the Epistles).
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V.
The order of books: Acts, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles (Hebrews placed before 1 Timothy).
History
The manuscript was examined by Birch, Scholz, and Biscioni. It was slightly collated by Scholz. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.Formerly it was labeled by 84a and 94p. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 454 to it.
It is currently housed at the Laurentian Library
Laurentian Library
The Laurentian Library is a historical library in Florence, Italy, containing a repository of more than 11,000 manuscripts and 4,500 early printed books...
(Plutei IV. 1) in Florence
Florence
Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area....
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- Biscioni, Bibliothecae Mediceo-Laurentianae catalogus, Florence 1752, vol. 2, 2.