Minuscule 851 (Gregory-Aland)
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 851 ε408 (von Soden), is a 14th-century Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
on parchment. The manuscript has complex context.
contains the text of the four Gospel
s on 260 parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in two columns per page, 19-22 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections
(in Mark 241 Sections, the last in 16:20), without references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin, incipits, pictures, and verses to John. The Synaxarion and Menologion were added in the 16th century.
with a mixture of other text-types. Kurt Aland
the Greek text of the codex did not place in any Category
.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it has a mixture of the text-types in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 it has a mixture of the Byzantine text-types. It has some relationship to the group 7
in Luke 20.
to the 14th century.
The manuscript was written by Basilius.
The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Gregory (851e). C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.
The manuscript once belonged to Borgianus. It was housed in the Vatican Library
. Then it was housed at the Antiquariat Quaritch, in London
. The actual owner of the codex is unknown.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
on parchment. The manuscript has complex context.
Description
The codexCodex
A codex is a book in the format used for modern books, with multiple quires or gatherings typically bound together and given a cover.Developed by the Romans from wooden writing tablets, its gradual replacement...
contains the text of the four Gospel
Gospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s on 260 parchment leaves (size ). The text is written in two columns per page, 19-22 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections
Ammonian Sections
Eusebian canons or Eusebian sections, also known as Ammonian Sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts date only from the 13th and 16th centuries, respectively...
(in Mark 241 Sections, the last in 16:20), without references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains the tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin, incipits, pictures, and verses to John. The Synaxarion and Menologion were added in the 16th century.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
with a mixture of other text-types. Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
the Greek text of the codex did not place in any Category
Categories of New Testament manuscripts
New Testament manuscripts in Greek are categorized into five groups, according to a scheme introduced in 1981 by Kurt and Barbara Aland in Der Text des Neuen Testaments. The categories are based on how each manuscript relates to the various text-types. Generally speaking, earlier Alexandrian...
.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it has a mixture of the text-types in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 it has a mixture of the Byzantine text-types. It has some relationship to the group 7
Minuscule 7
Minuscule 7 ; ε 287 . It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.- Description :...
in Luke 20.
History
C. R. Gregory dated the manuscript to the 12th century. Currently the manuscript is dated by the INTFInstitute for New Testament Textual Research
The Institute for New Testament Textual Research at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is an institute for the investigation of the text of the New Testament. The INTF was founded in Münster in 1959 by Professor Kurt Aland , the first director of the Institute...
to the 14th century.
The manuscript was written by Basilius.
The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Gregory (851e). C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.
The manuscript once belonged to Borgianus. It was housed in the Vatican Library
Vatican Library
The Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from...
. Then it was housed at the Antiquariat Quaritch, in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
. The actual owner of the codex is unknown.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...