Motion interpolation
Encyclopedia
Motion interpolation is a form of video processing
in which intermediate animation frames are generated between existing ones, in an attempt to make animation more fluid.
of 24 frames per second (frame/s) and television is typically filmed at 25, 50, 30 or 60 frames per second (the first two being PAL, the other two from NTSC). Normally, when a fixed framerate display such as an LCD screen is used to display a video source whose framerate is less than that of the screen, frames are often simply duplicated as necessary until the timing of the video is matched to that of the screen, which introduces a visual artifact
known as judder, perceived as "jumpiness" in the picture. Motion interpolation intends to remedy this by generating intermediate frames that make animation more fluid.
While common, not all 120 Hz HDTVs include a motion interpolation feature. Also, anti judder technology is not the same as motion blur
reducing technology, but is frequently lumped together with it.
The commercial name given to motion interpolation technology varies across manufacturers, as does its implementation.
Not everyone likes the effect and some complain that it ruins the cinematic look of home movies. For this reason, almost all manufacturers have built in an option to turn the feature off. The soap opera effect can also be known as 'Jutter adjustment' or 'Jutter Removal' This "video look" is created deliberately by the VidFIRE
technique to restore archive television programs that only survive as film telerecordings.
uses Philips' TrimensionDNM
for frame interpolation.
CrystalPlayer
uses Motion Morphing MultiSampling for frame interpolation.
PowerDVD
uses TrueTheater Motion for interpolation of DVD and video files to up to 72 frame/s.
Splash PRO uses Mirillis Motion² technology for up to Full HD video interpolation.
Video processing
In electrical engineering and computer science, video processing is a particular case of signal processing, which often employs video filters and where the input and output signals are video files or video streams. Video processing techniques are used in television sets, VCRs, DVDs, video codecs,...
in which intermediate animation frames are generated between existing ones, in an attempt to make animation more fluid.
HDTV
Motion interpolation is used in various display devices such as HDTVs and video players, aimed at alleviating the video artifacts introduced by framerate conversions in fixed-framerate displays such as LCD TVs. Films are recorded at a frame rateFrame rate
Frame rate is the frequency at which an imaging device produces unique consecutive images called frames. The term applies equally well to computer graphics, video cameras, film cameras, and motion capture systems...
of 24 frames per second (frame/s) and television is typically filmed at 25, 50, 30 or 60 frames per second (the first two being PAL, the other two from NTSC). Normally, when a fixed framerate display such as an LCD screen is used to display a video source whose framerate is less than that of the screen, frames are often simply duplicated as necessary until the timing of the video is matched to that of the screen, which introduces a visual artifact
Visual artifact
Visual artifacts are anomalies during visual representation of e.g. digital graphics and imagery.-Examples in digital graphics:* Image quality factors, different types of visual artifacts...
known as judder, perceived as "jumpiness" in the picture. Motion interpolation intends to remedy this by generating intermediate frames that make animation more fluid.
While common, not all 120 Hz HDTVs include a motion interpolation feature. Also, anti judder technology is not the same as motion blur
Motion blur
Motion blur is the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single frame, either due to rapid movement or long exposure.- Photography :When a camera...
reducing technology, but is frequently lumped together with it.
The commercial name given to motion interpolation technology varies across manufacturers, as does its implementation.
- Hitachi - Reel120
- Insignia - DCM Plus, for Digital Clear Motion 120 Hz
- Kogan TechnologiesKogan TechnologiesKogan Technologies is an Australian manufacturer and retailer of consumer electronics devices. The company, founded in 2006 by Ruslan Kogan, sells products direct from Asia to customers in Australia and the United Kingdom....
- MotionMax 100Hz, 200 Hz - LG - TruMotion 120 Hz, 240 Hz, 480 Hz
- AOC - Motion Boost 120 Hz
- Mitsubishi - Smooth 120 Hz
- Panasonic - Intelligent Frame Creation (IFC)
- Philips - HD Digital Natural Motion
- Samsung - Auto Motion Plus 120 Hz, 240 Hz
- Sharp - Fine Motion Enhanced, AquoMotion 240Hz
- Sony - MotionFlow 100 Hz, 100 Hz PRO (XBR series, Australia), 120 Hz, 200 Hz, 240 Hz, 400 Hz.
- Toshiba - ClearScan 120 Hz, 240 Hz
- Vizio - MEMC (Motion Estimation, Motion Compensation)
- Sceptre - MEMC (Motion Estimation/Motion Compensation)
Visual Artifacts
Motion interpolation on certain brands of HDTVs is sometimes accompanied by visual anomalies in the picture, described by CNET's David Carnoy as a 'little tear or glitch' in the picture, appearing for a fraction of a second. He adds the effect is most noticeable when the technology suddenly kicks in during a fast camera pan.Soap Opera Effect
The "video" look is a byproduct of the perceived increase in framerate due to the interpolation and is commonly referred to as the "Soap Opera Effect" after the way those shows looked, having been shot on cheaper 60 Hz video instead of regular broadcast equipment or film.Not everyone likes the effect and some complain that it ruins the cinematic look of home movies. For this reason, almost all manufacturers have built in an option to turn the feature off. The soap opera effect can also be known as 'Jutter adjustment' or 'Jutter Removal' This "video look" is created deliberately by the VidFIRE
VidFIRE
VidFIRE is a restoration technique intended to restore the video-like motion of footage originally shot with television cameras now existing only in formats with telerecording as their basis...
technique to restore archive television programs that only survive as film telerecordings.
PC video players
WinDVDWinDVD
WinDVD is a commercial video player and music player software for Microsoft Windows. It enables the viewing of DVD-Video movies on the user's PC. DVD-Video backups stored on hard disk can also be played...
uses Philips' TrimensionDNM
Trimension
Trimension is a framerate enhancement software by Philips for video, primarily DVD. The software utilizes both picture and stream information to render new frames between the original frames of video , thus increasing the framerate and enhancing the smoothness of motion.Currently, Trimension is...
for frame interpolation.
CrystalPlayer
CrystalPlayer
CrystalPlayer originally made by Kim Bondarenko and acquired by Crystal Reality LLC is a compact media player for Windows 98, 2000, XP and Vista....
uses Motion Morphing MultiSampling for frame interpolation.
PowerDVD
PowerDVD
CyberLink PowerDVD is a media player for Microsoft Windows. Several editions of the software are sold including "Ultra", "Deluxe" and "Standard". All editions support the viewing of DVD and the Ultra edition supports Blu-ray playback, including the playback of Blu-ray 3D content.The product is...
uses TrueTheater Motion for interpolation of DVD and video files to up to 72 frame/s.
Splash PRO uses Mirillis Motion² technology for up to Full HD video interpolation.
See also
- HDTV blurHDTV blurHDTV blur is a common term used to describe a number of different artifacts on modern consumer high-definition television sets.The following factors are generally the primary or secondary causes of HDTV blur; in some cases more than one of these factors may be in play at the studio or receiver end...
- Unsharp mask
- Television standards conversionTelevision standards conversionTelevision standards conversion is the process of changing one type of TV system to another. The most common is from NTSC to PAL or the other way around. This is done so TV programs in one nation may be viewed in a nation with a different standard...
- VidFIREVidFIREVidFIRE is a restoration technique intended to restore the video-like motion of footage originally shot with television cameras now existing only in formats with telerecording as their basis...
- Motion compensationMotion compensationMotion compensation is an algorithmic technique employed in the encoding of video data for video compression, for example in the generation of MPEG-2 files. Motion compensation describes a picture in terms of the transformation of a reference picture to the current picture. The reference picture...