Moulage - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Moulage is the art of applying mock injuries for the purpose of training Emergency Response Team

Emergency Response Team

The Emergency Response Team is the paramilitary tactical police arm of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.- Purpose and history of the ERT :...

s and other medical and military personnel. Moulage may be as simple as applying pre-made rubber

Rubber

Natural rubber, also called India rubber or caoutchouc, is an elastomer that was originally derived from latex, a milky colloid produced by some plants. The plants would be ‘tapped’, that is, an incision made into the bark of the tree and the sticky, milk colored latex sap collected and refined...

or latex

Latex

Latex is the stable dispersion of polymer microparticles in an aqueous medium. Latexes may be natural or synthetic.Latex as found in nature is a milky fluid found in 10% of all flowering plants . It is a complex emulsion consisting of proteins, alkaloids, starches, sugars, oils, tannins, resins,...

"wounds" to a healthy "patient's" limbs, chest, head, etc., or as complex as using complicated makeup and theatre techniques to provide elements of realism (such as blood

Blood

Blood is a specialized bodily fluid in animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells....

, vomitus, open fractures

Fracture

A fracture is the separation of an object or material into two, or more, pieces under the action of stress.The word fracture is often applied to bones of living creatures , or to crystals or crystalline materials, such as gemstones or metal...

, etc.) to the training simulation. The practice dates to at least the Renaissance

Renaissance

The Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned roughly the 14th to the 17th century, beginning in Italy in the Late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe. The term is also used more loosely to refer to the historical era, but since the changes of the Renaissance were not...

, when wax figure

Wax figure

A wax sculpture is a sculpture made in wax. Often these are effigies, usually of a notable individual, but there are also death masks and scenes with many figures, mostly in relief....

s were used for this purpose.

History of Medical Moulage

The history of wax models is ancient. Wax anatomical models were first made by Gaetano Giulio Zummo (1656-1701) who first worked in Naples, then Florence, and finally Paris, where he was granted monopoly right by Louis XIV

Louis XIV of France

Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days...

. Later, Jules Baretta (1834-1923) made more than 2000 splendid wax models in Hospital Saint-Louis, Paris, where more than 4000 wax models were collected. While wax models were being made, he made pleasant conversations with the patients, sang songs or at times played the piano. Moulages were made for the education of dermatologists around the world, but were eventually replaced by color slides.

In the 19th century moulage was taken of medical patients for educational purposes. The prepared model was painted to mimic the original disease.

External links

Museum of Moulages, University of Zurich (English/ German)
German Atlas with Moulages (E.Jacobi, 1913)
Museum of Health Care at Kingston (English)
Museum of Health Care collection database(English)

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.

History of Medical Moulage

See also

External links