Muhammad Ash-Shanqeeti
Encyclopedia
Muhammad Al-Ameen Ibn Muhammad Al-Mukhtaar Ibn 'Abdil-Qaadir Al-Jaknee Ash-Shanqeetee (1907–1973) was a Muslim scholar from Mauritania
. His compound name was Muhammad Al-Ameen, just like the name of his father (i.e. Muhammad Al-Mukhtaar), which was the common practice of naming in his land.
) in the region known as the Chinguetti Department
(hence the title Shanqeetee in his name), which is the eastern part of the state of Mauritania
.
His lineage traces back to Ya'qoob Ibn Jaakin, the forefather of the large tribe, known as the Jaknees. The lineage of this tribe traces back to Himayr.
.
He completed his studies in various subjects of the Religion under the senior scholars of his land, such as the subjects of Tafsir
, Hadith
, Fiqh
, Usool, Nahw, Sarf, Balaagha (Eloquence) and more.
He adhered to the Maliki
Madh'hab.
In 1947 (1367 A.H.), he went to Saudi Arabia to perform the Hajj
and began to teach there in Al-Masjid al-Nabawi
. The people in charge of this Mosque became acquainted with him and sought for him to remain in the Haramain (vicinity of Mecca
and Medina
) so that he can teach and provide general benefit. The students that often frequented his classes on Tafsir of the Qur'an in Al-Masjid al-Nabawi were many, the most famous of whom were: Abd al-Aziz ibn Abd Allah ibn Baaz, Shaykh Bakr Abu Zayd and Shaykh 'Atiyyah Muhammad Saalim, the person who completed Ash-Shanqeetee's great work Adwaa-ul-Bayaan, after his death.
In 1951 (1371 A.H.), he was called to teach in the educational institutes and colleges of Riyadh
. Then he moved to Medina to teach in the Islamic University of Madinah
. Among the students he taught while in the Islamic University of Madeenah, was Rabee Al-Madkhali
.
, 1393 A.H.). His death occurred in Mecca on his return from Hajj
. He was buried in Jannatul Mualla
and his funeral prayer was held in the Kaaba
after the Dhuhr
prayer of that same day. Shaykh Ibn Baaz prayed over him, along with all the other Muslims that attended.
Mauritania
Mauritania is a country in the Maghreb and West Africa. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, by Western Sahara in the north, by Algeria in the northeast, by Mali in the east and southeast, and by Senegal in the southwest...
. His compound name was Muhammad Al-Ameen, just like the name of his father (i.e. Muhammad Al-Mukhtaar), which was the common practice of naming in his land.
Birth and lineage
He was born in 1907 (1325 A.H.Hijri year
The Hijri year is year numbering system used in the Islamic calendar. It commemorates the Hijra , or emigration of Muhammad and his followers to the city of Medina in 622 CE. In Arabic, AH is symbolized by the letter هـ...
) in the region known as the Chinguetti Department
Chinguetti Department
Chinguetti is a department of the Adrar Region in Mauritania. The capital lies at Chinguetti.-References:...
(hence the title Shanqeetee in his name), which is the eastern part of the state of Mauritania
Mauritania
Mauritania is a country in the Maghreb and West Africa. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, by Western Sahara in the north, by Algeria in the northeast, by Mali in the east and southeast, and by Senegal in the southwest...
.
His lineage traces back to Ya'qoob Ibn Jaakin, the forefather of the large tribe, known as the Jaknees. The lineage of this tribe traces back to Himayr.
Educational upbringing
He was born in a household of knowledge consisting of men and women that were learned. His mother was the daughter of his father's paternal uncle (i.e. his father's female cousin). So he studied under his maternal uncles, his maternal cousins and their women, the basic aspects of knowledge and the sciences of the Qur'anQur'an
The Quran , also transliterated Qur'an, Koran, Alcoran, Qur’ān, Coran, Kuran, and al-Qur’ān, is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God . It is regarded widely as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language...
.
He completed his studies in various subjects of the Religion under the senior scholars of his land, such as the subjects of Tafsir
Tafsir
Tafseer is the Arabic word for exegesis or commentary, usually of the Qur'an. Ta'wīl is a subset of tafsir and refers to esoteric or mystical interpretation. An author of tafsir is a mufassir .- Etymology :...
, Hadith
Hadith
The term Hadīth is used to denote a saying or an act or tacit approval or criticism ascribed either validly or invalidly to the Islamic prophet Muhammad....
, Fiqh
Fiqh
Fiqh is Islamic jurisprudence. Fiqh is an expansion of the code of conduct expounded in the Quran, often supplemented by tradition and implemented by the rulings and interpretations of Islamic jurists....
, Usool, Nahw, Sarf, Balaagha (Eloquence) and more.
He adhered to the Maliki
Maliki
The ' madhhab is one of the schools of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam. It is the second-largest of the four schools, followed by approximately 25% of Muslims, mostly in North Africa, West Africa, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, and in some parts of Saudi Arabia...
Madh'hab.
Work and entrance into the Hijaaz
After finishing his studies of the various subjects of the Religion, he worked as a teacher and as a judge in family jurisdiction. So people in dispute would go to him and he would make his judgment between them. His rulings and verdicts were carried out and enforced by everyone, even the government of his country at that time.In 1947 (1367 A.H.), he went to Saudi Arabia to perform the Hajj
Hajj
The Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is one of the largest pilgrimages in the world, and is the fifth pillar of Islam, a religious duty that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so...
and began to teach there in Al-Masjid al-Nabawi
Al-Masjid al-Nabawi
Al-Masjid al-Nabawi , often called the Prophet's Mosque, is a mosque situated in the city of Medina. As the final resting place of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, it is considered the second holiest site in Islam by Muslims and is one of the largest mosques in the world...
. The people in charge of this Mosque became acquainted with him and sought for him to remain in the Haramain (vicinity of Mecca
Mecca
Mecca is a city in the Hijaz and the capital of Makkah province in Saudi Arabia. The city is located inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of above sea level...
and Medina
Medina
Medina , or ; also transliterated as Madinah, or madinat al-nabi "the city of the prophet") is a city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia, and serves as the capital of the Al Madinah Province. It is the second holiest city in Islam, and the burial place of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, and...
) so that he can teach and provide general benefit. The students that often frequented his classes on Tafsir of the Qur'an in Al-Masjid al-Nabawi were many, the most famous of whom were: Abd al-Aziz ibn Abd Allah ibn Baaz, Shaykh Bakr Abu Zayd and Shaykh 'Atiyyah Muhammad Saalim, the person who completed Ash-Shanqeetee's great work Adwaa-ul-Bayaan, after his death.
In 1951 (1371 A.H.), he was called to teach in the educational institutes and colleges of Riyadh
Riyadh
Riyadh is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia. It is also the capital of Riyadh Province, and belongs to the historical regions of Najd and Al-Yamama. It is situated in the center of the Arabian Peninsula on a large plateau, and is home to 5,254,560 people, and the urban center of a...
. Then he moved to Medina to teach in the Islamic University of Madinah
Islamic University of Madinah
The Islamic University of al-Madinah al-Munawarah was founded by the government of Saudi Arabia by a royal decree in the year 1961 AD in the Islamic holy city of Medina.-History:...
. Among the students he taught while in the Islamic University of Madeenah, was Rabee Al-Madkhali
Rabee Al-Madkhali
Rabee' Ibn Haadee 'Umayr al-Madkhalee is a university professor, a well-known Muslim scholar, and a proponent of Salafi.-Early life:...
.
Works
He has authored some books, which include:- Adwaa-ul-Bayaan fee Tafseer-il-Qur'aan bil-Qur'aan – printed [This is his tremendous voluminous work on Tafseer of the Qu’raan]
- Al-Mudhakkirah fee Usool-il-Fiqh – printed [A small treatise on the Principles of Fiqh]
- Adab Al-Bah-th wal-Munaadhara – printed [Etiquettes for Researching]
- Alfiyyah fil-Mantiq Daf'u Eehaam Al-Idtiraab 'an Ayaat-il-Kitaab – printed
- Man'u Jawaaz Al-Majaaz – printed
- Mandhoomah fil-Faraa'id [A Book on the Laws of Inheritance]
- Furoo' Maalik – a poetic text
- Sharh 'alaa Maraaqee As-Sa'ood – a dictation he made to his students
- Sharh 'alaa As-Sullam – a dictation he made to his students
- Ansaab-ul-'Arab – a poetic text
- Manaahij wa Diraasaat li-Ayaat-il-Asmaa was-Sifaat – a transcribed lecture he gave in the Islaamic University of Madeenah in 1962 (on the 13th of Ramadaan, 1382 A.H).
Death
He died in 1973 (on the forenoon of Thursday, the 17th of Dhu al-HijjahDhu al-Hijjah
Dhu al-Ḥijjah is the twelfth and final month in the Islamic calendar.This is a very sacred month in the Islamic calendar, marking the end of the year. It is in this month in which the Hajj takes place....
, 1393 A.H.). His death occurred in Mecca on his return from Hajj
Hajj
The Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It is one of the largest pilgrimages in the world, and is the fifth pillar of Islam, a religious duty that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so...
. He was buried in Jannatul Mualla
Jannatul Mualla
Jannatul Mualla also known as Al-Hajun, is a famous cemetery located in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.-History:...
and his funeral prayer was held in the Kaaba
Kaaba
The Kaaba is a cuboid-shaped building in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, and is the most sacred site in Islam. The Qur'an states that the Kaaba was constructed by Abraham, or Ibraheem, in Arabic, and his son Ishmael, or Ismaeel, as said in Arabic, after he had settled in Arabia. The building has a mosque...
after the Dhuhr
Dhuhr
The dhuhr prayer is the prayer after midday Performed daily by practicing Muslims, it is the second of the five daily prayers...
prayer of that same day. Shaykh Ibn Baaz prayed over him, along with all the other Muslims that attended.