Music of Uzbekistan
Encyclopedia
Central Asian classical music is called shashmaqam
, which arose in Bukhara
in the late 16th century when that city was a regional capital. Shashmaqam is closely related to Azeri
mugam and Uyghur
muqam
. The name, which translates as six maqams refers to the structure of the music, which contains six sections in different musical mode
s, similar to classical Persian traditional music. Interludes of spoken Sufi poetry
interrupt the music, typically beginning at a low register and gradually ascending to a climax before calming back down to the beginning tone.
Endurance of listening and continual audiences that attend events, such as bazms or weddings, is what makes the folk-pop style of music so popular. The classical music in Uzbekistan is very different than that of the pop music. Mostly men listen to solo or duo shows during a morning or evening meeting amongst men. Shash maqam, which is the main component of the classical genre of music. The large support of the musicians came from high class families, which meant the patronage was to be paid to the Shash maqam above all things. Poetry is where some of the music is drawn from. In some instances of the music, the two languages are even mixed in the same song. In the 1950s, the folk music became less popular, and the genre was barred from the radio stations. They did not completely dispel the music all together, although the name changed to "feudal music". Although banned, the folk musical groups continued to play their music in their own ways and spread it individually as well. Many say that it was the most liberated musical experience in their lives.
List of several Central Asian singers and musicians:
Traditional instruments include
Shashmaqam
Shashmaqam is a Central Asian musical genre, , which may have developed in the city of Bukhara. Shashmaqam means the six Maqams in the Persian language, dastgah being the name for Persian modes, and maqams being the name for modes more generally.It is a refined sort of music, with lyrics derived...
, which arose in Bukhara
Bukhara
Bukhara , from the Soghdian βuxārak , is the capital of the Bukhara Province of Uzbekistan. The nation's fifth-largest city, it has a population of 263,400 . The region around Bukhara has been inhabited for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time...
in the late 16th century when that city was a regional capital. Shashmaqam is closely related to Azeri
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan is the largest country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to...
mugam and Uyghur
Uyghur people
The Uyghur are a Turkic ethnic group living in Eastern and Central Asia. Today, Uyghurs live primarily in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China...
muqam
Muqam
A muqam is the melody type used in Uyghur music, that is, a musical mode and set of melodic formulas used to guide improvisation and composition....
. The name, which translates as six maqams refers to the structure of the music, which contains six sections in different musical mode
Musical mode
In the theory of Western music since the ninth century, mode generally refers to a type of scale. This usage, still the most common in recent years, reflects a tradition dating to the middle ages, itself inspired by the theory of ancient Greek music.The word encompasses several additional...
s, similar to classical Persian traditional music. Interludes of spoken Sufi poetry
Sufi poetry
Sufi poetry has been written in many languages, both for private devotional reading and as lyrics for music played during worship, or dhikr. Themes and styles established in Punjabi Poetry, Sindhi Poetry, Arabic poetry and mostly Persian poetry have had an enormous influence on Sufi poetry...
interrupt the music, typically beginning at a low register and gradually ascending to a climax before calming back down to the beginning tone.
Endurance of listening and continual audiences that attend events, such as bazms or weddings, is what makes the folk-pop style of music so popular. The classical music in Uzbekistan is very different than that of the pop music. Mostly men listen to solo or duo shows during a morning or evening meeting amongst men. Shash maqam, which is the main component of the classical genre of music. The large support of the musicians came from high class families, which meant the patronage was to be paid to the Shash maqam above all things. Poetry is where some of the music is drawn from. In some instances of the music, the two languages are even mixed in the same song. In the 1950s, the folk music became less popular, and the genre was barred from the radio stations. They did not completely dispel the music all together, although the name changed to "feudal music". Although banned, the folk musical groups continued to play their music in their own ways and spread it individually as well. Many say that it was the most liberated musical experience in their lives.
Musicians
- Ari BabakhanovAri BabakhanovThe Central Asian musician Ari Babakhanov of Uzbekistan masters excellently the long-necked lutes tanbur, qashqari rubab and dutar. In 1934 he was born in Bukhara into a Jewish family which can look back on an outstanding dynasty of traditional musicians. It was founded by his grandfather Levi...
- Fahriddin Umarov
- Munojot Yo‘lchiyevaMunojot Yo‘lchiyevaMunojot Yo'Ichiyeva , also known under her name Munadjat Yulchieva, is the leading performer of classical Uzbek music and its Persian-language cousin Shashmaqâm...
- Ortiq Otajonov
- Sevara NazarxonSevara NazarkhanSevara Nazarkhan is an Uzbek singer, songwriter, and musician. She was born 1978 in Andijan city, Uzbek SSR....
- Sherali Jo‘raev
- Turg‘un Alimatov
- Yulduz Usmonova
- Shoista MullodzhanovaShoista MullodzhanovaShoista Mullojonova was a renowned Tajik-born Bukharian Jewish Shashmakom singer.-Early life:...
Pop artists and bands
List of a several Uzbek pop artists:- Anvar Sanayev
- Afruz
- Aziza Niyozmetova
- AKS
- BolalarBolalarBolalar is an Uzbek pop-rock band formed in 1989 by Tohir Sodiqov. Bolalar is among the few Central Asian bands to have given concerts in the US and to have released albums on iTunes. Tohir Sodiqov, the long-time lead singer, guitarist, songwriter and composer of Bolalar, is a Meritorious Artist of...
- DadoDado (band)Dado is an Uzbekistani pop band. The band was created in 1999 by ex-Anor members - Alisher and Rustam Madumarovs. Being polyglots, they wrote and performed songs in Uzbek, English, Russian, Turkish, Tajik, French, Spanish, Italian and other languages....
- Dineyra
- Feruza DzhumaniyozovaFeruza JumaniyozovaFeruza Jumaniyozova is an Uzbek pop singer who sings in the Uzbek and Tajik languages. She was born in 1984 in Khorezm province of Uzbekistan.Some of her top songs include "Vaexo", "Yallah Habibi", "Yurak Duk Duk", and "Kel Azizim"....
- Iroda Dilroz
- Kumush Razzokova
- Larisa Moskaleva
- Lola
- Manzura
- Oybek and Nigora* Ozoda Nursaidova
- Rayhon
- Se'tanho (formerly Setora)
- Sevara NazarxonSevara NazarkhanSevara Nazarkhan is an Uzbek singer, songwriter, and musician. She was born 1978 in Andijan city, Uzbek SSR....
- ShahrizodaShahrizodaShahrizoda is a Central Asian music group consisting of three girls from Uzbekistan, who have intermittently been based in Ürümqi, the provincial capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Western China. Their music ranges from traditional ethnic music to ethno-pop and pop. They sing...
- ShahzodaShahzodaShahzoda , is an Uzbek singer and actress. Zilola Musaeva was born on July 28, 1979, in Tashkent. Shahzoda has become an immensely popular singer in Uzbekistan and the neighboring countries. Recently Shahzoda has gained some fame in Russia. She sings in Uzbek, Russian, Persian, and Kazakh.- Solo...
- Sherali Djuraev
- Sogdiana (Oksana Nechitaylo)
- Tohir Sodiqov
- Yalla
- Yulduz Usmanova
- ShoxruxShoxruxShodmonov Shoxrux O'ktamovich, better known by his stage name Shoxrux, is a rapper, entertainer, and producer in Uzbekistan. He came to fame in 2004 with his song "Hayr bevafo" .- Early life :...
Composers in the western classical tradition
- Mirsadyk Tajiyev
- Felix Yanov-Yanovsky
- Dmitri Yanov-Yanovsky
- Polina Medyulyanova
- Mutavakkil Burkhanov
Instruments
String
- Ud (short-necked plucked lute)
- DombraDombraThe dombura is a long-necked lute popular in Central Asian nations...
(2-string plucked lute) - DutarDutarThe dutar is a traditional long-necked two-stringed lute found in Iran, Central Asia and South Asia...
(lute) - Rabab (plucked instrument)
- Ghidjak or RebabRebabThe rebab , also rebap, rabab, rebeb, rababah, or al-rababa) is a type of string instrument so named no later than the 8th century and spread via Islamic trading routes over much of North Africa, the Middle East, parts of Europe, and the Far East...
(bowed instrument) - SatoSato (instrument)The sato is a bowed tanbur, or long-necked lute, now rare, played by performers of Tajik-Uzbek classical music....
(bowed instrument) - Tambur
Percussion
- Doyra (frame drum)
- Nogora (pot shape drum covered with leather on the top)
- Qoshuq (spoons)
- Zang (bracelets)